scholarly journals Tillage, <i>Desmodium intortum</i>, Fertilizer Rates for Carbon Stock, Soil Quality and Grain Yield in Northern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 325-341
Author(s):  
Odunze Azubuike Chidowe ◽  
Asholo David Blessing ◽  
Ogunwole Joshua Olalekan ◽  
Oyinlola Eunice Yetunde ◽  
Chinke Nkechi Mary
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Northern Guinea Savanna ◽  
Guinea Savanna ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

MAIZE YIELD DETERMINANTS IN FARMER-MANAGED TRIALS IN THE NIGERIAN NORTHERN GUINEA SAVANNA

1998 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. CARSKY ◽  
S. NOKOE ◽  
S. T. O. LAGOKE ◽  
S. K. KIM
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
Current Season ◽  
Damage Score ◽  
Northern Guinea Savanna ◽  
Guinea Savanna ◽  
Maize Varieties

Farmer-managed tests of Striga hermonthica-resistant maize varieties were conducted in 1994 in a moderately intensified zone in the northern Guinea savanna of Nigeria. Field history, soil properties, current season fertility management, and crop management observations were recorded for 37 farmer-managed trials. Site averages for maize grain yield varied from 300 to 4000 kg grain ha−1. In spite of the tremendous variability observed, the grain yield was significantly higher for the striga-resistant hybrid 8321-18 compared with an improved open-pollinated variety, STR Syn-W, and the farmers' current variety. Correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis of grain yield on measured variables suggested that maize yield was a function of plant density for all three varieties. The rate of nitrogen fertilizer application was an important variable only for the hybrid, while the day of first weeding was most important for the improved varieties. The yield of the local varieties and STR Syn-W was related to the number of emerged striga at harvest in the stepwise regression, and the yield of the local varieties was highly correlated with the striga-damage score on maize. The striga-damage score was significantly lower on 8321-18 than on the other varieties, suggesting some degree of resistance in the hybrid. The number of emerged striga was lower for the hybrid but not significantly different. Farmers were almost unanimous in ranking the hybrid as least damaged by striga and highest yielding. Besides being related to maize variety, striga-damage score was lower if crop residue was observed on the field at the time of site confirmation. Highest yields (approximately 4 t ha−1) were recorded on fields near the homestead (compound fields) where soil organic carbon values were 2.0–2.5%. Realization of maize yield potential in the absence of manure or fertilizer will only be possible on long-term compound fields. Striga-resistant maize can maintain high yields under S. hermonthica infestation.

Responses of sorghum to combined application of a nutrient solution and solid NPK fertilizers

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-257
Author(s):  
BO Ukem
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiency ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Npk Fertilizers ◽  
Tropical Condition ◽  
Northern Guinea Savanna ◽  
Guinea Savanna

In the savanna soil of Nigeria, micronutrient deficiency was not noticed in the past but with the intensification of agriculture over the years, crop exploitation of soil available nutrients, crop removal and adverse cultural practices of farmers have led to the incidence of micronutrient deficiency with negative effect on growth, yield and quality of crops. To enhance micronutrient availability, use and use efficiency to crops, a field experiment was set up on sorghum at Samaru in the Northern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria with foliar Algifol (Alg) nutrients solution and NPK. The objectives of the studies were: To test the effectiveness of the nutrient solution and NPK on growth and yield of sorghum in the Nigeria savanna and to determine optimum rates of application of the nutrient solution on sorghum under a tropical condition. The treatments were four levels each for the nutrient solution, NPK and a combination of both as ½Alg, 1Alg, 1½Alg and 2Alg at the rate of [5:10:15:20ml) of the concentrated solution to 10 litres of water per hectare and 64:32:30 kgha-1 N, P2O5 and K2O being therecommendation for sorghum in the Northern Guinea Savanna. Data were collected on plant height, plant girth, panicle yield, grain yield and stover. The treatments were laid in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The results showed that plant height and girth were highly significant (P < 0.01) at 9 weeks after planting (WAP) and as well as stover. Head and grain yield were positively and highly significantly correlated (r = 0.69** and 0.62**) with dry matter yield (DMY) indicating a positive relationship amongst the plant parameters in response to treatments. Co-application of the nutrient solution with NPK had greater nutritional efficiency on sorghum in the savanna than their sole application since the nutrient solution is deficient in major plant nutrients.Keywords: Nutrient solution, northern guinea, complementary application and tropical environment.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Effectiveness of Some Productivity Models on Floodplain Soils of Wukari Area, Northern Guinea Savanna, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-17
Author(s):  
A. T. Gani ◽  
A. Ali ◽  
P. I. Agber ◽  
S. O. I. Abagyeh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Flood Plain ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Northern Guinea Savanna ◽  
Guinea Savanna ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Lower Productivity ◽  
Productivity Indices ◽  
Productivity Assessment

A study on quantifying the productivity of Wukari flood plain soils using Neill’s Productivity Index (PI), Modified Neill’s Productivity Index (PIm) and Riquier Productivity Index (RI) was carried out. The applicability and validity of the productivity index models were determined using rice as a test crop. Result showed significant relationships with coefficients of determination (R2) of 0.7158, 0.7204 and 0.8778 found between grain yield of rice (Y) and PI, PIm and RI values respectively. The highest and the lowest grain yield of rice to a reasonable extent correspond to the higher and the lower productivity index values, respectively. Higher productivity indices explained higher mean grain yield of rice. The productivity indices values decreased with the decrease in grain yield. The grain yield of grain followed productivity index predictions and are hereby recommended as tools of soil productivity assessment in the study area.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF INCORPORATED LABLAB PLANTED AT VARIOUS SPACINGS ON PRODUCTIVITY OF MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.) VARIETIES IN NORTHERN GUINEA SAVANNA ZONE OF NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-365
Author(s):  
Aderemi Adesoji ◽  
Noah Oyebamiji ◽  
Ibrahim Abubakar
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Lablab Purpureus ◽  
Northern Guinea Savanna ◽  
Guinea Savanna ◽  
Savanna Zone ◽  
Better Than

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of incorporated lablab planted at various spacings on productivity of two maize (Zea mays L.) varieties in northern Guinea Savanna zone of Nigeria. Field experiment was carried out at the Research Farm of the Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria. The treatments consisted of two varieties of maize (SAMMAZ 28 and SAMMAZ 29) and six green manure lablab (Lablab purpureus) plant spacings viz. 25cm x 10cm, 25cm x 20cm, 25cm x 30cm, 50cm x 10cm, 50cm x 20cm and 50cm x 30cm. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in factorial arrangement and was replicated three times. SAMMAZ 29 performed significantly (P<0.05) better than SAMMAZ 28 on growth, yield components and grain yield (kg ha-1) of maize. Incorporation of lablab planted at various spacing significantly increased grain yield (kg ha-1) and all the maize parameters studied except cob diameter. In combined mean, incorporation of lablab planted at 25cm x 30cm significantly increased grain yield but at par with incorporation of lablab planted at spacing 50cm x 30cm. In combined mean, incorporation of lablab planted at 25cm x 30cm gave 18.2, 20.5, 18, 28.6 and 13.6% better grain yield than incorporation of lablab planted at spacings 25cm x 10cm, 25cm x 20cm, 50cm x10cm, 50cm x 20cm and 50cm x 30cm, respectively. Conclusively, incorporation of lablab planted at 25cm x 30cm was better than other spacings on SAMMAZ 29.

Evaluation of maize-soybean intercropping systems and fertilizer rates on maize grain yield using competitive indices

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-76
Author(s):  
F.O. Takim ◽  
J.O. Omeke ◽  
P. Tunku ◽  
J.A. Shebaya ◽  
G. Olaoye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Guinea Savanna ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

Field trials were conducted in savanna ecologies of Nigeria during the 2015 and 2016 seasons using maize (PVA8) and soybean (TGX 1448-2E) intercropping systems with different fertilizer rates to evaluate the yield of maize and assess the best intercropping system for resource management. Single plant stands and two plants/stand and 2 arrangements of rows (one row on a ridge and two rows on a ridge) were used to impose maize plant densities evaluated in strip inter-crop with soybean. The trial was factorial, laid out in a randomized complete block design and replicated three times. Thus, 8 maize-soybean strip cropping systems and application of 3 NPK rates were evaluated at Saki-Oyo, Ilorin, and Nasarawa (southern Guinea savanna), Kaduna in the northern Guinea savanna, Funtua (Katsina) and Gusau (Zamfara) located within Sudan savanna ecologies of Nigeria. Data on yields and yield components were collected. The intercropping systems were assessed using existing intercropping indices such as Land Equivalent Ratio (LER), Relative Crowding Coefficient (K), Aggressivity (A), Competitive Ratio (CR), Actual Yield Loss (AYL), Intercropping Advantage (IA) and Monetary Advantage Index (MAI). The result showed that Nasarawa and Kaduna were most ideal locations for maize production in the Nigeria savannas. The highest grain yield of 4.04 tons/ha maize and 1.36 tons/ha soybean were obtained from seeding 1 plant/stand in 2-rows per ridge x 4 ridges of maize alternated with 2 rows of soybean with the application of NPK at 100:50:50. The LER was 1.11, AYL (1.10) and MAI (208) gave a profit of ₦312,102.00 (US$990.80) ha-1 with a benefit-cost ratio of 2.38 and production efficiency of 29.56%. The study concluded that, seeding 80% maize and 20% soybean per ha will lead to sustainable maize crop production with limited use of fertilizer. It can be adopted by the farmers in Nigeria savannas as a relatively profitable intercropping system. Keywords: Maize production, Ideal location, Fertilizer rate, Competitive indices, Savanna ecologies, Nigeria

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