scholarly journals Co-Existence of <i>Bactrocera dorsalis</i> Hendel (Diptera: Tephritidae) and <i>Ceratitis cosyra</i> Walker (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the Mango Orchards in Western Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 46-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Issaka Zida ◽  
Souleymane Nacro ◽  
Rémy Dabiré ◽  
Irénée Somda
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Western Burkina Faso ◽  
Ceratitis Cosyra

Host range and species diversity of Tephritidae of three plant formations in Western Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
pp. 732-742
Author(s):  
Issaka Zida ◽  
Souleymane Nacro ◽  
Rémy Dabiré ◽  
Laura Moquet ◽  
Hélène Delatte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Indigenous Plants ◽  
New Host ◽  
Host Fruit ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Wild Fruit ◽  
Western Burkina Faso

AbstractIn Western Burkina Faso, the host range of fruit flies was evaluated in three plant formations between May 2017 and April 2019. Samples of 61 potential hosts were collected and incubated for fruit fly emergence. Twenty-seven hosts including cultivated and wild fruit were identified. Among cultivated fruit species, mango, and guava were the most infested while high infestation incidences were observed in the fruit of the indigenous plants Vitellaria paradoxa, Annona senegalensis, Sarcocephalus latifolius, and Saba senegalensis. Low infestation rates were observed in Anacardium occidentale, Citrus species, Opilia celtidifolia, and Cissus populnea. The highest infestation index (1648.57 flies kg−1) was observed from V. paradoxa. Eleven new host fruit infested with many fruit fly species are reported in Burkina Faso. A total of 18 fruit fly species were reared; Bactrocera dorsalis (42.94%), Ceratitis cosyra (29.93%), and Ceratitis silvestrii (22.33%) dominated those that emerged. Four fruit fly species have been detected for the first time in Burkina Faso. The main suitable fruit hosts are abundant and available from May through August during the rainy season and become rare and have low infestation from November to April during the dry season. This is the first study of its kind in the region. This study shows that the three plant formations had an impact on population dynamics of the three tephritid species of economic importance in Western Burkina Faso. This information should be integrated into the development of a fruit fly pests management strategy.

Seasonal Abundance and Diversity of Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Three Types of Plant Formations in Western Burkina Faso, West Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (5) ◽  
pp. 343-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Issaka Zida ◽  
Souleymane Nacro ◽  
Rémy Dabiré ◽  
Irénée Somda
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Fruit Flies ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Mass Trapping ◽  
Tephritid Species ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Western Burkina Faso

Abstract Fruit flies are significant insect pests, worldwide. Tephritid species diversity and their seasonal abundance were investigated over 2 yr (May 2017 to May 2019) in Western Burkina Faso. A mass trapping experiment consisting of 288 Tephri Trap types, operating with four types of parapheromones comprising methyl eugenol, terpinyl acetate, trimedlure, and cue lure and an insecticide (Dichlorvos), was used for attracting and killing insects. Plant formations including natural fallows, mango orchards, and agroforestry parks in each of the six study sites were selected for data collection. Twenty-nine tephritid species belonging to 10 genera were identified. Fourteen fruit fly species were identified for the first time in Burkina Faso. The genera Ceratitis MacLeay (Diptera : Tephritidae) and Dacus Fabricius (Diptera: Tephritidae) with, respectively, 14 and 7 species recorded were the most represented. The dominant species caught was the invasive Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel (Diptera: Tephritidae) followed by Ceratitis cosyra Walker (Diptera: Tephritidae) and Ceratitis silvestrii Bezzi (Diptera: Tephritidae). The fruit fly population density was very high during the rainy season, with peaks occurring in June or July. The fruit fly species were generally more abundant during the hot and rainy seasons than during the cold and dry seasons. The highest diversity was recorded in natural fallows, as compared with the mango orchards and agroforestry parks. Tephritid species found refuge in the mango orchards during the dry and cold periods. The results of that investigation may be used for developing a sustainable pest management strategy for commercial orchards.

scholarly journals Community expectations and motivations in entomological research activities for the development of innovative malaria vector control tools: Target Malaria as a case study in Bana, Western Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nourou Barry ◽  
Patrice Toé ◽  
Lea Pare/Toe ◽  
Javier Lezaun ◽  
Mouhamed Drabo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Motivational Factors ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Mosquito Collection ◽  
Entomological Research ◽  
The Village ◽  
Western Burkina Faso

Abstract BackgroundMany field entomology research projects involve local communities in mosquito-collection activities. Since 2012, Target Malaria, a not-for-profit research consortium, has been working with community members in various studies of mosquito collection, release and recapture in the village of Bana, in Western Burkina Faso. Target Malaria’s long-term goal is to develop innovative solutions to combat malaria in Africa with the help of mosquito modification technologies. Since the start of the project, members of local communities have shown interest in playing an active role in the implementation of the project’s research activities, but their actual motivations for such an interest remain under-investigated. This study therefore aimed to examine the factors that motivate the local community to contribute to the implementation of Target Malaria’s activities in the village of Bana. MethodsA qualitative approach was used to examine the factors motivating the local community to assist in the implementation of Target Malaria’s entomological research activities in Bana. 85 individual in-depth and semi-structured interviews were conducted, followed by interviews with three focus groups, one with youths who had participated in mosquito collections and two with men and women from the village. All data collected were fully transcribed, processed, and submitted for thematic content analysis. ResultsData showed that the willingness of local community members to participate in the entomological research activities of Target Malaria was informed by a wide range of motivational factors. Although the actors interviewed expressed their motivations under different semantic registers, the data showed a degree of consistency between different motivations advanced. These similarities enabled us to classify all of the motivational factors under 5 distinct categories: (a) assist in field research, (b) contribute to a better future, (c) acquire knowledge, (d) earn financial compensation, and (e) gain social prestige.ConclusionThese varying motivations reflected fundamentally different personal and collective perceptions about the participation process. In addition, this study shows that the interest of research on participation is a useful part of understanding public perceptions.

scholarly journals Lithostructural and Petrochemical Survey of Djarkadougou Gold Prospect (South West Burkina Faso / West Africa)

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Yao Honoré Koffi ◽  
Sagbrou Chérubin Djro ◽  
Urbain Wenmenga
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Ductile Deformation ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Calc Alkaline ◽  
Basaltic Rocks ◽  
Bimodal Volcanism ◽  
South West ◽  
Western Burkina Faso

The Djarkadougou gold prospect is located on the Birimian greenstone belt of the Houndé exploration permit held by the company Orezone Inc. The permit is at 275 km far from the capital Ouagadougou south- western Burkina Faso, West Africa. This area is based on sheared and metamorphosed greenschist facies rocks. Metamorphism locally reaches to the amphibolite facies around intrusions. There are two major lithological units whose interface is marked by a NW-SE trending shear corridor: an unit of andesite-basaltic rocks of andesitic breccias in the East and volcaniclastic and sedimentary unit composed flows, tuffs and felsic to mafic breccia, interbedded volcano-sedimentary rocks. All this together is intruded by plutonic rocks, and various felsic to mafic dykes. These rocks have undergone ductile to brittle heterogeneous deformations and hydrothermal alteration sericite ±carbonate ±quartz±sulphide within deformation corridors. The rocks of the East and West domains affected by three phases of brittle-ductile deformation (D1, D2, and D3) and the meteoric alteration is systematic in superficial facies of Djarakadougou core drilling.Geochemical analysis shows a tholeiitic to calc-alkaline volcanic serie characteristic a bimodal volcanism. The spectra of normalized REE chondrites are generally flat and constant reminding those of N-MORB basalt. The chemical compositions of andesite and basalt are deferred on several discrimination diagrams especially Th / Yb - Nb / Yb and 2 Nb - Zr / 4 - Y show that andesites and basalts of the prospect are issued in geotectonic setting of volcanism preponderant arc.

Immunogenicity and Reactogenicity of 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Among Infants, Toddlers, and Children in Western Burkina Faso: Results From a Clinical Trial of Alternative Immunization Schedules

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 422-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer C Moïsi ◽  
Seydou Yaro ◽  
Sita S Kroman ◽  
Clarisse Gouem ◽  
Dramane Bayane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Primary Immune Response ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Bobo Dioulasso ◽  
Western Burkina Faso

Abstract Background Many African countries have introduced pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) into their routine immunization program to reduce the burden of morbidity and death that results from Streptococcus pneumoniae infection, yet immunogenicity and reactogenicity data from the region are limited for the 2 available PCV products. Methods We conducted a randomized trial of 13-valent PCV (PCV13) in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. Infants received 3 doses of PCV at 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age or at 6 weeks, 14 weeks, and 9 months of age; toddlers received 2 doses 2 months apart or 1 dose beginning at 12 to 15 months of age; and children received 1 dose between 2 and 4 years of age. We measured each participant’s serotype-specific serum immunoglobulin G concentration and opsonophagocytic activity before and after vaccination. For each age group, we compared immune responses between study arms and between the standard schedule in our study and the PCV13-licensing trials. Results In total, 280 infants, 302 toddlers, and 81 children were assigned randomly and underwent vaccination; 268, 235, and 77 of them completed follow-up, respectively. PCV13 resulted in low reactogenicity in all the study arms. The vaccine elicited a strong primary immune response in infants after 2 or more doses and in children aged 1 to 4 years after 1 dose. Infants who received a booster dose exhibited a robust memory response. Immunogenicity was higher than or comparable to that observed in the PCV13-licensing trials for a majority of serotypes in all 3 age groups. Conclusions PCV13 has a satisfactory immunogenicity and reactogenicity profile in this population. Our findings will help support decision making by countries regarding their infant and catch-up vaccination schedules.

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