scholarly journals Intermuscular Adipose Tissue: A Brief Review of Etiology, Association With Physical Function and Weight Loss in Older Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debra Lynn Waters
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Intermuscular Adipose Tissue

Weight loss and exercise differentially affect insulin sensitivity, body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength in older adults with obesity; a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea M Brennan ◽  
Robert A Standley ◽  
Steven J Anthony ◽  
Kory E Grench ◽  
Nicole L Helbling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Intermuscular Adipose Tissue

Abstract Background Aging-related disease risk is exacerbated by obesity and physical inactivity. It is unclear how weight loss and increased activity improve risk in older adults. We aimed to determine the effects of diet-induced weight loss with and without exercise on insulin sensitivity, VO2peak, body composition, and physical function in older obese adults. Methods Physically inactive older (68.6 ± 4.5 years) obese (BMI 37.4 ± 4.9 kg/m 2) adults were randomized to: Health education control (HEC; n=25); Diet-induced weight loss (WL; n=31); or Weight loss and exercise (WLEX; n=28) for 6 months. Insulin sensitivity was measured by hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp, body composition by DXA and MRI, strength by isokinetic dynamometry, and VO2peak by graded exercise test. Results WLEX improved (p<0.05) peripheral insulin sensitivity (+75 ± 103%) vs. HEC (+12 ± 67%); WL (+36 ± 47%) vs. HEC did not reach statistical significance. WLEX increased VO2peak (+7 ± 12%) vs. WL (-2 ± 24%), and prevented reductions in strength and lean mass induced by WL (p<0.05). WLEX decreased abdominal adipose tissue (-16 ± 9%) vs. HEC (-3 ± 8%) and intermuscular adipose tissue (-15 ± 13 %) vs. both HEC (+9 ± 15%) and WL (+2 ± 11%) (p<0.01). Conclusions Exercise with weight loss improved insulin sensitivity and VO2peak, decreased ectopic fat, and preserved lean mass and strength. Weight loss alone decreased lean mass and strength. Older adults intending to lose weight should perform regular exercise to promote cardiometabolic and functional benefits, which may not occur with calorie restriction-induced weight loss alone.

Intermuscular Adipose Tissue, Muscle Quality and Physical Function Following Weight loss in Overweight Older Women

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Chad R. Straight ◽  
Rachelle M. Acitelli ◽  
Alison C. Berg ◽  
Mary Ann Johnson ◽  
Ellen M. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Intermuscular Adipose Tissue

scholarly journals Feasibility and acceptability of a technology-based, rural weight management intervention in older adults with obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Batsis ◽  
Curtis L. Petersen ◽  
Matthew M. Clark ◽  
Summer B. Cook ◽  
David Kotz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Remote Monitoring ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Physical Therapist ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Data Feedback

Abstract Background Older adults with obesity residing in rural areas have reduced access to weight management programs. We determined the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary outcomes of an integrated technology-based health promotion intervention in rural-living, older adults using remote monitoring and synchronous video-based technology. Methods A 6-month, non-randomized, non-blinded, single-arm study was conducted from October 2018 to May 2020 at a community-based aging center of adults aged ≥65 years with a body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2. Weekly dietitian visits focusing on behavior therapy and caloric restriction and twice-weekly physical therapist-led group strength, flexibility and balance training classes were delivered using video-conferencing to participants in their homes. Participants used a Fitbit Alta HR for remote monitoring with data feedback provided by the interventionists. An aerobic activity prescription was provided and monitored. Results Mean age was 72.9±3.9 years (82% female). Baseline anthropometric measures of weight, BMI, and waist circumference were 97.8±16.3 kg, 36.5±5.2 kg/m2, and 115.5±13.0 cm, respectively. A total of 142 participants were screened (n=27 ineligible), and 53 consented. There were nine dropouts (17%). Overall satisfaction with the trial (4.7+ 0.6, scale: 1 (low) to 5 (high)) and with Fitbit (4.2+ 0.9) were high. Fitbit was worn an average of 81.7±19.3% of intervention days. In completers, mean weight loss was 4.6±3.5 kg or 4.7±3.5% (p< 0.001). Physical function measures of 30-s sit-to-stand repetitions increased from 13.5±5.7 to 16.7±5.9 (p< 0.001), 6-min walk improved by 42.0±77.3 m (p=0.005) but no differences were observed in gait speed or grip strength. Subjective measures of late-life function improved (3.4±4.7 points, p< 0.001). Conclusions A technology-based obesity intervention is feasible and acceptable to older adults with obesity and may lead to weight loss and improved physical function. Clinical trial registration Registered on Clinicaltrials.gov #NCT03104205. Registered on April 7, 2017. First participant enrolled on October 1st, 2018.

scholarly journals Group Lifestyle Phone Maintenance for Weight, Health, and Physical Function in Adults Aged 65–80 Years: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M Venditti ◽  
Marsha D Marcus ◽  
Rachel G Miller ◽  
Vincent C Arena ◽  
Susan L Greenspan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
Management Group ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
And Function

Abstract Background Group lifestyle sessions with phone maintenance could improve weight, health, and function in vulnerable older adults. Methods Community-dwelling adults (N = 322) with body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) ≥27 and additional risk factors received 12 one-hour in-person behavioral weight management group sessions then were randomized to 8 half-hour telephone sessions (n = 162) or newsletter control (n = 160) from 4 to 12 months with no treatment contact thereafter. Primary outcome was 0- to 12-month weight change. Cardiometabolic, short physical performance battery (SPPB), and self-reported activity changes were assessed at 12 and 24 months. Results At baseline, the mean (SD) age was 71.2 (4.3) and BMI was 33.8 (5.1). Participants were 77% women, 13% Black, 85% retired, averaging 4 medical conditions, and taking blood pressure (67.4%) and lipid-lowering (51.6%) medications. At 12 months, a greater proportion of the phone group (66.0%) achieved ≥5% weight loss compared with newsletter control (53.2%; p = .02). Mean (95% CI) weight loss was greater for phone (−6.6 kg [−7.5, −5.8]) than newsletter (−5.1 kg [−7.2, −3.0]); p = .01. Modest lipid, glucose, and blood pressure improvements were found, but did not differ significantly between groups. Small SPPB and activity improvements were maintained at 12 and 24 months in both groups. Conclusions Brief phone contacts compared to newsletters enhanced weight loss maintenance among older high-risk adults at 1 year, but not cardiometabolic outcomes. Modest functional improvements were observed in both. Lower-intensity maintenance contacts (phone or newsletter) for weight, health, and physical function in older adults warrant further study. Clinical Trials Registration Number NCT03192475

scholarly journals Weight Loss, Exercise, or Both and Physical Function in Obese Older Adults

2011 ◽  
Vol 364 (13) ◽  
pp. 1218-1229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis T. Villareal ◽  
Suresh Chode ◽  
Nehu Parimi ◽  
David R. Sinacore ◽  
Tiffany Hilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Physical Function

scholarly journals Weight Loss, Exercise, or Both and Physical Function in Obese Older Adults

2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 488-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis T. Villareal ◽  
Suresh Chode ◽  
Nehu Parimi ◽  
David R. Sinacore ◽  
Tiffany Hilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Physical Function

scholarly journals Balanced, Higher Protein at Meals in the Context of Obesity Intervention: A Diet Feasibility Study (P21-003-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alissa Dix ◽  
Kathryn Porter Starr ◽  
Dipa Patel ◽  
Richard Sloane ◽  
Connie Bales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Protein Meal ◽  
High Quality Protein

Abstract Objectives Obesity is a major health concern in mid and later life; ≥40% of those ≥60 years are obese. However, the optimal approach for obesity reduction during the latter half of life has not been identified. Consuming balanced, liberal amounts of high quality protein at each meal is recommended for older adults and could help preserve lean mass and physical function. This study examined the feasibility and efficacy of this approach in the context of a weight reduction intervention for obese middle-aged and older adults. Methods This analysis combines findings on calorie and protein intakes of obese participants (mean BMI = 37.4 kg/m2; 88.7% female) aged ≥ 45 yrs (mean = 64.8 yrs) from two RCTs with similar protocols. Participants were randomized to hypo-caloric diets with either RDA level protein (0.8 g/kg bw; C-WL) or higher protein (1.2 g/kg bw; HP-WL) for 6 months. The HP-WL group was counseled to consume 30 g high quality protein/meal and provided lean beef or pork for 2 of 3 meals daily. Both groups had weekly group counseling and weigh-ins. Diet records (3-day) collected at 0, 3 and 6 months were analyzed (Food Processor; ESHA Research) for daily intakes of kcals and macronutrients. Results Both C-WL (n = 30) and HP-WL (n = 59) reduced their kcal intake and successfully reduced their body mass. At 6 months, weight loss was 5.8% and 7.0% for C-WL and HP-WL, respectively. Diet record analysis confirmed HP-WL participants achieved intakes of 30 g protein/meal. At 3 and 6 months respectively, mean ± SD protein intakes were 30.1 ± 9.9 g and 29.7 ± 12 g for breakfast; 37.5 ± 8.2 g and 35.6 ± 9.3 g for lunch; and 40.7 ± 13.7 g and 39.2 ± 8.1 g for dinner; daily protein intake was 1.2 ± 0.3 g/kg bw. In contrast, the C-WL protein intakes remained unchanged (0.8 g/kg bw). Conclusions These findings confirm the feasibility of a balanced, higher protein weight loss diet for obese middle-aged and older adults. HP-WL participants achieved notable weight reduction while also meeting meal protein goals. This practical dietary approach may offer superior long-term outcomes for physical function in this high-risk population; thus, further study of these potential benefits is warranted. Funding Sources Beef Checkoff and Pork Checkoff, North Carolina Pork Council, Smithfield Foods, NIH (T32 AG000029), and US Department of Veterans Affairs Rehabilitation Research and Development Service Program (CDA-2/IK2 RX002348).

scholarly journals Fat Mass Loss Predicts Gain in Physical Function With Intentional Weight Loss in Older Adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Beavers ◽  
M. E. Miller ◽  
W. J. Rejeski ◽  
B. J. Nicklas ◽  
S. B. Kritchevsky
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Intentional Weight Loss ◽  
Fat Mass Loss
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