scholarly journals Model-Based Testing of Safety Critical Real-Time Control Logic Software

2012 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 130-144
Author(s):  
Yevgeny Gerlits ◽  
Alexey Khoroshilov
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Control Logic ◽  
Safety Critical ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Model Based Testing

scholarly journals Model-Based Optimisation and Control Strategy for the Primary Drying Phase of a Lyophilisation Process

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brecht Vanbillemont ◽  
Niels Nicolaï ◽  
Laurens Leys ◽  
Thomas De Beer
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Chamber Pressure ◽  
Interface Temperature ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Choked Flow ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Time Control

The standard operation of a batch freeze-dryer is protocol driven. All freeze-drying phases (i.e., freezing, primary and secondary drying) are programmed sequentially at fixed time points and within each phase critical process parameters (CPPs) are typically kept constant or linearly interpolated between two setpoints. This way of operating batch freeze-dryers is shown to be time consuming and inefficient. A model-based optimisation and real-time control strategy that includes model output uncertainty could help in accelerating the primary drying phase while controlling the risk of failure of the critical quality attributes (CQAs). In each iteration of the real-time control strategy, a design space is computed to select an optimal set of CPPs. The aim of the control strategy is to avoid product structure loss, which occurs when the sublimation interface temperature ( T i ) exceeds the the collapse temperature ( T c ) common during unexpected disturbances, while preventing the choked flow conditions leading to a loss of pressure control. The proposed methodology was experimentally verified when the chamber pressure and shelf fluid system were intentionally subjected to moderate process disturbances. Moreover, the end of the primary drying phase was predicted using both uncertainty analysis and a comparative pressure measurement technique. Both the prediction of T i and end of primary drying were in agreement with the experimental data. Hence, it was confirmed that the proposed real-time control strategy is capable of mitigating the effect of moderate disturbances during batch freeze-drying.

Model-based, real-time control of electrical power systems

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 470-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. Gonzalez ◽  
R.A. Morris ◽  
F.D. McKenzie ◽  
D.J. Carreira ◽  
B.K. Gann
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Electrical Power Systems ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Time Control
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