Aerodynamic Shape Optimization of Hovering Rotors using Compressible Computational Fluid Dynamics

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.B. Allen ◽  
T.C.S. Rendall
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Shape Optimization ◽  
Aerodynamic Shape Optimization ◽  
Aerodynamic Shape

Surrogate model for aerodynamic shape optimization of a tractor-trailer in crosswinds

2012 ◽  
Vol 226 (10) ◽  
pp. 1325-1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Gong ◽  
Zhengqi Gu ◽  
Zhenlei Li
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Shape Optimization ◽  
Drag Coefficient ◽  
Surrogate Model ◽  
Aerodynamic Drag ◽  
Aerodynamic Shape Optimization ◽  
Aerodynamic Shape ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Aerodynamic Drag Coefficient

A surrogate model-based aerodynamic shape optimization method applied to the wind deflector of a tractor-trailer is presented in this paper. The aerodynamic drag coefficient of the tractor-trailer with and without the wind deflector subjected to crosswinds is analyzed. The numerical results show that the wind deflector can decrease drag coefficient. Four parameters are used to describe the wind deflector geometry: width, length, height, and angle. A 30-level design of experiments study using the optimal Latin hypercube method was conducted to analyze the sensitivity of the design variables and build a database to set up the surrogate model. The surrogate model was constructed based on the Kriging interpolation technique. The fitting precision of the surrogate model was examined using computational fluid dynamics and certified using a surrogate model simulation. Finally, a multi-island genetic algorithm was used to optimize the shape of the wind deflector based on the surrogate model. The tolerance between the results of the computational fluid dynamics simulation and the surrogate model was only 0.92% when using the optimal design variables, and the aerodynamic drag coefficient decreased by 4.65% compared to the drag coefficient of the tractor-trailer installed with the original wind deflector. The effect of the optimal shape of the wind deflector was validated by computational fluid dynamics and wind tunnel experiment.

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