Self Designing Structures - A New Approach to Low Weight, Low Stress Structures

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.W. Bull ◽  
C.H. Woodford ◽  
C. Christie ◽  
M.N. James
Keyword(s):  
New Approach ◽  
Low Weight

scholarly journals New Approach for Hybrid Stenting of the Aortic Arch in Low Weight Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 147-151
Author(s):  
Subrata Kar ◽  
Ugonna Nwankwo ◽  
Manolis Georgievich Pursanov ◽  
Nabil Noureddin ◽  
Jamil Aboulhosn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Arch ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Low Weight

scholarly journals A Casting Mould for Rapid Tube Hydroforming Prototyping

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Kochański ◽  
Hanna Sadłowska
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Tube Hydroforming ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Mould Cavity ◽  
Single Part

In recent years, hydroforming has clearly expanded its range of industrial applications due to the growing interest in products which combine high strength with low weight. A current limitation of this technology was its economically justified production volume since the costs of producing tools eliminates the possibility of using hydroforming technology in prototype and single part production. The paper presents a freshly patented solution that allows for single part hydroforming. The new technology combines traditional hydroforming machines with a new approach to tool production. The new rapid die is made quickly and cheaply. The use of materials known from the production of foundry moulds causes the die to deform during hydroforming, but it is a controlled deformation. Thanks to the use of numerical modelling, the deformation of the mould cavity is predicted and taken into account at the design stage. The article presents important issues that need to be considered in the design of this innovative process.

scholarly journals Optimizing asteroid orbit computation forGaiawith normal points

2018 ◽  
Vol 620 ◽  
pp. A101
Author(s):  
Grigori Fedorets ◽  
Karri Muinonen ◽  
Thierry Pauwels ◽  
Mikael Granvik ◽  
Paolo Tanga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Independent Observation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
The Common ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
The One ◽  
Orbit Computation

Context.In addition to the systematic observations of known solar-system objects (SSOs), a continuous processing of new discoveries requiring fast responses is implemented as the short-term processing ofGaiaSSO observations, providing alerts for ground-based follow-up observers. The common independent observation approach for the purposes of orbit computation has led to unrealistically large ephemeris prediction uncertainties when processing realGaiadata.Aims.We aim to provide ground-based observers with a cloud of sky positions that is shrunk to a fraction of the previously expected search area by making use of the characteristic features ofGaiaastrometry. This enhances the efficiency ofGaiaSSO follow-up network and leads to an increased rate of asteroid discoveries with reasonably constrained orbits with the help of ground-based follow-up observations ofGaiaasteroids.Methods.We took advantage of the separation of positional errors ofGaiaSSO observations into a random and systematic component. We treated theGaiaobservations in an alternative way by collapsing up to ten observations that correspond to a single transit into a single so-called normal point. We implemented this input procedure in theGaiaSSO short-term processing pipeline and the OpenOrb software.Results.We validate our approach by performing extensive comparisons between the independent observation and normal point input methods and compare them to the observed positions of previously known asteroids. The new approach reduces the ephemeris uncertainty by a factor of between three and ten compared to the situation where each point is treated as a separate observation.Conclusions.Our new data treatment improves the sky prediction for theGaiaSSO observations by removing low-weight orbital solutions. These solutions originate from excessive curvature of observations, introduced by short-term variations ofGaiaattitude on the one hand, and, as a main effect, shrinking of systematic error bars in the independent observation case on the other hand. We anticipate that a similar approach may also be utilized in a situation where observations from a single observatory dominate.

scholarly journals Minimizing the Total Weighted Waiting Times and Instability in a Rescheduling Problem with Dynamic Jobs Weight

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 7040
Author(s):  
Ayoub Tighazoui ◽  
Christophe Sauvey ◽  
Nathalie Sauer
Keyword(s):  
Waiting Times ◽  
Computing Time ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Total Weighted Completion Time ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Hospital Environments ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Reactive Strategy ◽  
Weighted Completion Time

Thanks to smart technological tools, customers can at any moment create or modify their commands. This reality forced many production firms to become sensitive in rescheduling processes. In the literature, most of rescheduling problems consider classical efficiency measures. However, some existing works also consider stability as a measure for limiting the deviation from initial schedule. In this work, we aim to bridge the gap in existing works on rescheduling by investigating a new approach to measure simultaneously efficiency by the total weighted waiting times and stability by the total weighted completion time deviation. This combination of criteria is very significant in industrial and hospital environments. In this paper, a single machine rescheduling problem with jobs arriving over time is considered. A mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model is designed for this problem and an iterative predictive-reactive strategy for dealing with the online part. Numerical results show that, at each time the jobs are rescheduled, the low weight ones move forward. Consequently, a new concept consisting in increasing the jobs weight as function of time is established. The effect of this new conception is evaluated by the evolution of the maximum flowtime. Eventually, the computing time of the MILP resolution is studied to explore its limitations.

scholarly journals Innovative Polyelectrolyte Treatment to Flame-Retard Wood

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 2884
Author(s):  
Marie Soula ◽  
Fabienne Samyn ◽  
Sophie Duquesne ◽  
Véronic Landry
Keyword(s):  
Betula Alleghaniensis ◽  
Fire Retardancy ◽  
Reduced Pressure ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Complexes ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Sodium Phytate ◽  
Wood Construction ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Wood Flooring ◽  
Wood Fire

Fire protection has been a major challenge in wood construction for many years, mainly due to the high flame spread risk associated with wood flooring. Wood fire-retardancy is framed by two main axes: coating and bulk impregnation. There is a growing need for economically and environmentally friendly alternatives. The study of polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) for wood substrates is in its infancy, but PECs’ versatility and eco-friendly character are already recognized for fabric fire-retardancy fabrics. In this study, a new approach to PEC characterization is proposed. First, PECs, which consist of polyethyleneimine and sodium phytate, were chemically and thermally characterized to select the most promising systems. Then, yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britt.) was surface-impregnated under reduced pressure with the two PECs identified as the best options. Overall, wood fire-retardancy was improved with a low weight gain of 2 wt.% without increasing water uptake.

The O–C diagrams of minor planets − a new approach to modelling the rotation

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 185-188
Author(s):  
Gy. Szabó ◽  
K. Sárneczky ◽  
L.L. Kiss
Keyword(s):  
Error Analysis ◽  
Time Dependence ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Minor Planet ◽  
Minor Planets ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Ccd Observations

AbstractA widely used tool in studying quasi-monoperiodic processes is the O–C diagram. This paper deals with the application of this diagram in minor planet studies. The main difference between our approach and the classical O–C diagram is that we transform the epoch (=time) dependence into the geocentric longitude domain. We outline a rotation modelling using this modified O–C and illustrate the abilities with detailed error analysis. The primary assumption, that the monotonity and the shape of this diagram is (almost) independent of the geometry of the asteroids is discussed and tested. The monotonity enables an unambiguous distinction between the prograde and retrograde rotation, thus the four-fold (or in some cases the two-fold) ambiguities can be avoided. This turned out to be the main advantage of the O–C examination. As an extension to the theoretical work, we present some preliminary results on 1727 Mette based on new CCD observations.

A New Approach to the Demonstration of Oxidase-Localization Using Tannic Acid Or Catechin

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 698-699
Author(s):  
V. Mizuhira ◽  
Y. Futaesaku
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Elastic Fiber ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Tissue Block ◽  
Active Reaction ◽  
The Cross

Previously we reported that tannic acid is a very effective fixative for proteins including polypeptides. Especially, in the cross section of microtubules, thirteen submits in A-tubule and eleven in B-tubule could be observed very clearly. An elastic fiber could be demonstrated very clearly, as an electron opaque, homogeneous fiber. However, tannic acid did not penetrate into the deep portion of the tissue-block. So we tried Catechin. This shows almost the same chemical natures as that of proteins, as tannic acid. Moreover, we thought that catechin should have two active-reaction sites, one is phenol,and the other is catechole. Catechole site should react with osmium, to make Os- black. Phenol-site should react with peroxidase existing perhydroxide.

Freeze fracture imaging and computer simulation of liposome structure: Membrane geometry and defects

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 646-647
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Zasadzinski
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Continuum Theory ◽  
Closed Surfaces ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Concentric Spheres ◽  
Membrane Geometry ◽  
Dupin Cyclides ◽  
Limiting Case

At low weight fractions, many surfactant and biological amphiphiles form dispersions of lamellar liquid crystalline liposomes in water. Amphiphile molecules tend to align themselves in parallel bilayers which are free to bend. Bilayers must form closed surfaces to separate hydrophobic and hydrophilic domains completely. Continuum theory of liquid crystals requires that the constant spacing of bilayer surfaces be maintained except at singularities of no more than line extent. Maxwell demonstrated that only two types of closed surfaces can satisfy this constraint: concentric spheres and Dupin cyclides. Dupin cyclides (Figure 1) are parallel closed surfaces which have a conjugate ellipse (r1) and hyperbola (r2) as singularities in the bilayer spacing. Any straight line drawn from a point on the ellipse to a point on the hyperbola is normal to every surface it intersects (broken lines in Figure 1). A simple example, and limiting case, is a family of concentric tori (Figure 1b).To distinguish between the allowable arrangements, freeze fracture TEM micrographs of representative biological (L-α phosphotidylcholine: L-α PC) and surfactant (sodium heptylnonyl benzenesulfonate: SHBS)liposomes are compared to mathematically derived sections of Dupin cyclides and concentric spheres.

Processing Immunoperoxidase Labeled Cell Monolayers and Cryostat Sesctions For Electron Microscopy

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 714-715
Author(s):  
K. Chien ◽  
R. Van de Velde ◽  
I.P. Shintaku ◽  
A.F. Sassoon
Keyword(s):  
Cell Monolayer ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Surface Antigens ◽  
Immunoperoxidase Method ◽  
Reaction Step ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Air Drying ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Cell Monolayers ◽  
Glass Slides

Immunoelectron microscopy of neoplastic lymphoma cells is valuable for precise localization of surface antigens and identification of cell types. We have developed a new approach in which the immunohistochemical staining can be evaluated prior to embedding for EM and desired area subsequently selected for ultrathin sectioning.A freshly prepared lymphoma cell suspension is spun onto polylysine hydrobromide- coated glass slides by cytocentrifugation and immediately fixed without air drying in polylysine paraformaldehyde (PLP) fixative. After rinsing in PBS, slides are stained by a 3-step immunoperoxidase method. Cell monolayer is then fixed in buffered 3% glutaraldehyde prior to DAB reaction. After the DAB reaction step, wet monolayers can be examined under LM for presence of brown reaction product and selected monolayers then processed by routine methods for EM and embedded with the Chien Re-embedding Mold. After the polymerization, the epoxy blocks are easily separated from the glass slides by heatingon a 100°C hot plate for 20 seconds.

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