scholarly journals Effect of Adding Home-Based Moderate-Intensity Exercise on Metabolic Functions in Older Adults with Non-Communicable Diseases who Regularly Perform Gym-Based Moderate-Intensity Exercise

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-233
Author(s):  
H Honda
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Metabolic Functions ◽  
Home Based

scholarly journals The Influence of Social Isolation on the Preventive Behaviors for Non-Communicable Diseases in Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8985
Author(s):  
Yuko Yamaguchi ◽  
Masako Yamada ◽  
Elsi Dwi Hapsari ◽  
Hiroya Matsuo
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

This study aimed to examine the relationship between one’s physical status related to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and social isolation, and to identify lifestyle behaviors for the prevention of NCDs associated with social isolation among community-dwelling older adults in Japan. A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate lifestyle behaviors for NCD prevention associated with social isolation in Japanese adults aged 60 years and above in a community setting. Out of 57 participants, 17.5% were not socially participative, 66.7% hardly ever, 29.8% sometimes, and 3.5% often felt loneliness. Non-social participation and loneliness were negatively related to the frequency of vegetable and fruit intake. Additionally, loneliness was positively associated with one’s duration of smoking and current smoking habits, and negatively associated with the frequency of moderate-intensity activities, with marginal significance. Those with non-social participation or loneliness were less likely to eat a healthy diet and live a smoke-free lifestyle. The findings of this study suggest that a mutual health support system in the community and the development of community-based approaches for the prevention of NCDs among Japanese older adults are needed.

Effects of priming exercise on the speed of adjustment of muscle oxidative metabolism at the onset of moderate-intensity step transitions in older adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 302 (10) ◽  
pp. R1158-R1166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela De Roia ◽  
Silvia Pogliaghi ◽  
Alessandra Adami ◽  
Christina Papadopoulou ◽  
Carlo Capelli
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Speed Of Adjustment ◽  
Priming Exercise ◽  
Kinetics Of

Aging is associated with a functional decline of the oxidative metabolism due to progressive limitations of both O2 delivery and utilization. Priming exercise (PE) increases the speed of adjustment of oxidative metabolism during successive moderate-intensity transitions. We tested the hypothesis that such improvement is due to a better matching of O2 delivery to utilization within the working muscles. In 21 healthy older adults (65.7 ± 5 yr), we measured contemporaneously noninvasive indexes of the overall speed of adjustment of the oxidative metabolism (i.e., pulmonary V̇o2 kinetics), of the bulk O2 delivery (i.e., cardiac output), and of the rate of muscle deoxygenation (i.e., deoxygenated hemoglobin, HHb) during moderate-intensity step transitions, either with (ModB) or without (ModA) prior PE. The local matching of O2 delivery to utilization was evaluated by the ΔHHb/ΔV̇o2 ratio index. The overall speed of adjustment of the V̇o2 kinetics was significantly increased in ModB compared with ModA ( P < 0.05). On the contrary, the kinetics of cardiac output was unaffected by PE. At the muscle level, ModB was associated with a significant reduction of the “overshoot” in the ΔHHb/ΔV̇o2 ratio compared with ModA ( P < 0.05), suggesting an improved O2 delivery. Our data are compatible with the hypothesis that, in older adults, PE, prior to moderate-intensity exercise, beneficially affects the speed of adjustment of oxidative metabolism due to an acute improvement of the local matching of O2 delivery to utilization.

scholarly journals Self-reported prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases and associated factors among older adults in South Africa

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 20936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Phaswana-Mafuya ◽  
Karl Peltzer ◽  
Witness Chirinda ◽  
Alfred Musekiwa ◽  
Zamakayise Kose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Distinct effects of acute exercise and breaks in sitting on working memory and executive function in older adults: a three-arm, randomised cross-over trial to evaluate the effects of exercise with and without breaks in sitting on cognition

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (13) ◽  
pp. 776-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Wheeler ◽  
Daniel J Green ◽  
Kathryn A Ellis ◽  
Ester Cerin ◽  
Ilkka Heinonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Visual Learning ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Intermittent Light ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Serum Bdnf

BackgroundSedentary behaviour is associated with impaired cognition, whereas exercise can acutely improve cognition.ObjectiveWe compared the effects of a morning bout of moderate-intensity exercise, with and without subsequent light-intensity walking breaks from sitting, on cognition in older adults.MethodsSedentary overweight/obese older adults with normal cognitive function (n=67, 67±7 years, 31.2±4.1 kg/m2) completed three conditions (6-day washout): SIT (sitting): uninterrupted sitting (8 hours, control); EX+SIT (exercise + sitting): sitting (1 hour), moderate-intensity walking (30 min), uninterrupted sitting (6.5 hours); and EX+BR (exercise + breaks): sitting (1 hour), moderate-intensity walking (30 min), sitting interrupted every 30 min with 3 min of light-intensity walking (6.5 hours). Cognitive testing (Cogstate) was completed at four time points assessing psychomotor function, attention, executive function, visual learning and working memory. Serum brain-derived neurotrophic growth factor (BDNF) was assessed at six time points. The 8-hour net area under the curve (AUC) was calculated for each outcome.ResultsWorking memory net AUC z-score·hour (95% CI) was improved in EX+BR with a z-score of +28 (−26 to +81), relative to SIT, −25 (−79 to +29, p=0.04 vs EX+BR). Executive function net AUC was improved in EX+SIT, −8 (− 71 to +55), relative to SIT, −80 (−142 to −17, p=0.03 vs EX+SIT). Serum BDNF net AUC ng/mL·hour (95% CI) was increased in both EX+SIT, +171 (−449 to +791, p=0.03 vs SIT), and EX+BR, +139 (−481 to +759, p=0.045 vs SIT), relative to SIT, −227 (−851 to +396).ConclusionA morning bout of moderate-intensity exercise improves serum BDNF and working memory or executive function in older adults, depending on whether or not subsequent sitting is also interrupted with intermittent light-intensity walking.Trial registration numberACTRN12614000737639.

scholarly journals Effect of short moderate intensity exercise bouts on cardiovascular function and maximal oxygen consumption in sedentary older adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karani Magutah ◽  
Kihumbu Thairu ◽  
Nilesh Patel
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Cardiovascular Function ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise

AimTo investigate effect of <10 min moderate intensity exercise on cardiovascular function and maximal oxygen consumption (V˙ O2max) among sedentary adults.MethodsWe studied 53 sedentary urbanites aged ≥50 years, randomised into: (1) male (MS) and (2) female (FS) undertaking three short-duration exercise (5–10 min) daily, and (3) male (ML) and (4) female (FL) exercising 30–60 min 3–5 days weekly. Resting systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate and V˙ O2max were measured at baseline and 8 weekly for 24 weeks.ResultsAt baseline, 50% MS, 61.5% ML, 53.8% FS and 53.8% FL had SBP ≥120 mm Hg, and 14.3% MS, 53.8% ML, 23.1% FS and 38.5% FL had DBP ≥80 mm Hg. At 24 weeks, where SBP remained ≥120 mm Hg, values decreased from 147±19.2 to 132.3±9.6 mm Hg (50% of MS), from 144±12.3 to 128±7.0 mm Hg (23.1% of ML), from 143.1±9.6 to 128.0±7.0 mm Hg (53.8% of FS) and from 152.3±23.7 to 129±3.7 mm Hg (30.8% of FL). For DBP ≥80 mm Hg, MS and FS percentages maintained, but values decreased from 101±15.6 to 84.5±0.7 mm Hg (MS) and 99.0±3.6 to 87.7±4.9 mm Hg (FS). In ML and FL, percentage with DBP ≥80 mm Hg dropped to 15.4% (86.1±6.5 to 82.5±3.5 mm Hg) and (91.4±5.3 to 83.5±0.71 mm Hg). V˙ O2max increased from 26.1±4.4 to 32.0±6.2 for MS, from 25.8±5.1 to 28.8±5.4 for ML (group differences p=0.02), from 20.2±1.8 to 22.7±2.0 for FS and from 21.2±1.9 to 24.2±2.7 for FL (groups differences p=0.38).ConclusionAccumulated moderate intensity exercise bouts of <10 min confer similar-to-better cardiovascular and V˙ O2max improvements compared with current recommendations among sedentary adults.

Findings from a strength-based moderate-intensity exercise interventions for individuals with dementia (innovative practice)

Dementia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1265-1273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Dawson ◽  
Hayden Gerhart ◽  
Katherine S Judge
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Program ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Exercise Science ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Strength Based ◽  
Functional Exercise ◽  
Sample Age ◽  
Future Practice

Limited evidence exists regarding exercise interventions with individuals with dementia, which is often due to heterogeneity of methodology and outcomes being assessed. This led to the development and evaluation of a moderate-intensity home-based functional exercise program guided by theories from exercise science and the Strength-Based Approach. Data indicated excellent treatment adherence (99.04%) along with high levels of acceptability and feasibility in this sample (age 76.63 years (9.84); Mini Mental State Exam 18.87 (6.40)). This article informs future practice by highlighting the merits of a Strength-Based Approach in research examining exercise and physical rehabilitation to improve adherence and compliance with individuals with dementia.

O2 uptake kinetics, pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, and muscle deoxygenation in young and older adults during the transition to moderate-intensity exercise

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (2) ◽  
pp. R577-R584 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Gurd ◽  
S. J. Peters ◽  
G. J. F. Heigenhauser ◽  
P. J. LeBlanc ◽  
T. J. Doherty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Lactate Threshold ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Similar Time ◽  
O2 Uptake Kinetics ◽  
The Relationship

The adaptation of pulmonary O2 uptake (V̇o2p) kinetics is slowed in older compared with young adults during the transition to moderate-intensity exercise. In this study, we examined the relationship between V̇o2p kinetics and mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity in young ( n = 7) and older ( n = 6) adults. Subjects performed cycle exercise to a work rate corresponding to ∼90% of estimated lactate threshold. Phase 2 V̇o2p kinetics were slower ( P < 0.05) in older (τ = 40 ± 17 s) compared with young (τ = 21 ± 6 s) adults. Relative phosphocreatine (PCr) breakdown was greater ( P < 0.05) at 30 s in older compared with young adults. Absolute PCr breakdown at 6 min was greater ( P < 0.05) in older compared with young adults. In young adults, PDH activity increased ( P < 0.05) from baseline to 30 s, with no further change observed at 6 min. In older adults, PDH activity during baseline exercise was similar to that seen in young adults. During the exercise transition, PDH activity did not increase ( P > 0.05) at 30 s of exercise but was elevated ( P < 0.05) after 6 min. The change in deoxyhemoglobin (HHb) was greater for a given V̇o2p in older adults, and there was a similar time course of HHb accompanying the slower V̇o2p kinetics in the older adults, suggesting a slower adaptation of bulk O2 delivery in older adults. In conclusion, the slower adaptation of V̇o2p in older adults is likely a result of both an increased metabolic inertia and lower O2 availability.

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