The Anti-Inflammatory Efect of Pulmonary Renin Angiotensin System Blockade

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
I Gurzu
Keyword(s):  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals Why Children Are Less Affected by COVID-19 Than Adults: Potential Immunological Factors and the Renin-Angiotensin System Associated Mechanisms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Krogh-Jensen ◽  
Irina Nikitina ◽  
Andrew Donnikov ◽  
Anna Lenyushkina ◽  
Nataliya Degtyareva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Transmembrane Protein ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Th2 Response ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The spread of the infection caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) became pandemic on March 11, 2020. From the time of the first cases (in November 2019, Wuhan, China), to date, a large number of COVID-19 observations have been accumulated in different age groups of patients both in China and abroad. Published scientific data allows us to conclude that children suffer from COVID-19 much less often than adults and tolerate the disease in a milder form, often appear to be asymptomatic. There is currently no final answer why children are less susceptible to this virus; however, scientists are increasingly inclined to consider a complex effect of the immune response and components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), which according to recent studies affects not only the cardiovascular system, but is also responsible for the activation of inflammatory reactions. A hypothesis of genetic predisposition to the development of severe forms of COVID-19 has recently been made. We conducted a search for publications in the databases and showed current scientific ideas about COVID-19 pathogenesis and factors influencing the disease development in childhood. Childhood immunity may have several protective features against SARS-CoV-2: immaturity of particular elements of the innate immune response, constitutional lymphocytosis with a shift towards anti-inflammatory Th2-response, as well as "trained" immunity. The influence of renin-angiotensin system reactions in this review is shown from two perspectives: expression of ACE2 receptors and polymorphisms of certain genes of this system. It was established that ACE2 transmembrane protein is not only the entry point for the virus but also plays a regulatory role, turning the pro-inflammatory vasoconstrictor angiotensin II into anti-inflammatory angiotensin (1-7), which has vasodilating properties. Higher ACE2 content in children compared with adults helps maintain balance in the renin-angiotensin system and prevents the development of complications. It was also shown that the presence of certain genetic polymorphisms (AGTR1, AGTR2, ACE2, ACE) could determine the imbalance inside the RAS, leading to more pronounced reactions of alveolocytes, vascular endothelium and smooth muscle fibers in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection due to a shift towards vasoconstrictor, proliferative and profibrotic mechanisms.

scholarly journals Angiotensin-(1-7) Central Mechanisms After ICV Infusion in Hypertensive Transgenic (mRen2)27 Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas M. Kangussu ◽  
Marcella Nunes Melo-Braga ◽  
Bruna Soares de Souza Lima ◽  
Robson A. S. Santos ◽  
Hélida Monteiro de Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Peroxiredoxin 1 ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Ace Activity ◽  
Carboxyl Terminal ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Profile

Graphical AbstractHypothalamic mechanisms induced by ICV infusion of angiotensin-(1-7) in the transgenic (mRen2)27 hypertensive animals. Ang-(1-7) treatment modulated components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), attenuating increased levels of AT1 and ACE activity, and negatively modulated inflammatory profile, by increasing anti-inflammatory IL-10 and decreasing TNFα and iNOS in the hypothalamus. Further, altered oxidative stress/inflammation by ROS mediator, decreasing Uchl1 (ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase isozyme L1) while increasing antioxidant peroxiredoxin 1 (figure was created with pictures from biorender.com).

Anti-inflammatory properties of drugs acting on the renin-angiotensin system

2005 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 609 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Sironi ◽  
E. Nobili ◽  
A. Gianella ◽  
P. Gelosa ◽  
E. Tremoli
Keyword(s):  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals Combined Effects of Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Adipocyte Renin–Angiotensin System Inhibition on Breast Cancer Cell Inflammation and Migration

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahmida Rasha ◽  
Chanaka Kahathuduwa ◽  
Latha Ramalingam ◽  
Arelys Hernandez ◽  
Hanna Moussa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
And Migration

Obesity is a major risk factor for breast cancer (BC). Obesity-related metabolic alterations such as inflammation and overactivation of the adipose renin–angiotensin system (RAS) may contribute to the progression of BC. Clinically used antihypertensive drugs such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I) and dietary bioactive components such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are known for their anti-inflammatory and adipose RAS blocking properties. However, whether EPA enhances the protective effects of ACE-I in lessening adipocyte inflammation on BC cells has not been studied. We hypothesized that combined EPA and ACE-I would attenuate BC cell inflammation and migration possibly via adipose RAS inhibition. To test our hypothesis, we examined the (i) direct effects of an ACE-I (captopril (CAP)) or EPA, individually and combined, on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human BC cells, and the (ii) effects of conditioned medium (CM) from human adipocytes pretreated with the abovementioned agents on BC cells. We demonstrated that CM from adipocytes pretreated with EPA with or without captopril (but not direct treatments of BC cells) significantly reduced proinflammatory cytokines expression in both BC cell lines. Additionally, cell migration was reduced in MDA-MB-231 cells in response to both direct and CM-mediated CAP and/or EPA treatments. In summary, our study provides a significant insight into added benefits of combining anti-inflammatory EPA and antihypertensive ACE-I to attenuate the effects of adipocytes on breast cancer cell migration and inflammation.

A new concept for an old system: The anti-inflammatory paradigm of the renin-angiotensin system

2009 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 584-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
German L. Serrano ◽  
Bob Ritchie ◽  
Daniel Hoffman ◽  
Leon Ferder
Keyword(s):  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Anti Inflammatory
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