scholarly journals Factors Associated with Indoor Smoking at Home: A Focus on Socioeconomic Status in South Korea

2020 ◽  
pp. e2020067
Author(s):  
Bomgyeol Kim ◽  
Yejin Lee ◽  
Young Dae Kwon ◽  
Tae Hyun Kim ◽  
Jin Won Noh
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Indoor Smoking ◽  
At Home

Using an App to monitor postoperative pain at home in pediatric patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 136749352091931
Author(s):  
Emanuela Tiozzo ◽  
Valentina Biagioli ◽  
Matilde Brancaccio ◽  
Riccardo Ricci ◽  
Anna Marchetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Prospective Comparative Study ◽  
Paper And Pencil ◽  
The Impact ◽  
At Home

A prospective comparative study was conducted in 487 pediatric patients (69% male, mean age = 6.4 ± 4.0) to evaluate (a) the incidence, intensity, and characteristics of pain in pediatric patients at home during the first 24 hours and 5 days after surgery and (b) the factors associated with higher pain intensity, including the impact of an application (App) compared to the paper-and-pencil approach. Postoperative pain was assessed by patients or their parents at home using the ‘Bambino Gesù’ Children’s Hospital (Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, OPBG) tool for participants aged 4–17 years or the Faces, Legs, Arms, Cry, and Consolability scale for participants less than four years old. Participants were assigned to two groups: those who used the paper-and-pencil version of the pain scale and those who used the App. Overall, 209 of the 472 (44%) participants reported pain during the first 24 hours, and 92 of the 420 (22%) reported pain between one and five days after surgery. Higher pain intensity scores were associated with being in the App group, directly assessing own pain, and using the OPBG tool. The App was effective in facilitating pain assessment. Health professionals could empower pediatric patients and their parents in assessing pain at home through a dedicated App.

scholarly journals Physical Restraint of Older Adults at Home: Preliminary Analysis of a Prospective Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 683-683
Author(s):  
Asa Inagaki ◽  
Ayumi Igarashi ◽  
Maiko Noguchi-Watanabe ◽  
Mariko Sakka ◽  
Chie Fukui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Physical Restraint ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Physical Restraints ◽  
Care Nurse ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Home Care Nurse ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
At Home

Abstract Our study aimed to explore the prevalence and factors of physical restraints among frail to dependent older adults living at home. We conducted an online survey to ask about the physical/mental conditions, demographics, service utilization, and physical restraints of community-dwelling older adults. Either home care nurse or care managers who were responsible for the older adult answered the survey that were conducted at baseline and one month later. We obtained data from 1,278 individuals. Physical restraint was reported for 53 (4.1%) participants. Multiple logistic regression revealed the factors associated with physical restraints at home: having been restrained at baseline, having pneumonia or heart failure, receiving home bathing, or using rental assistive devices were associated with physical restraints at one month. The findings could be used to promote discussion about which services prevent physical restraints and what we should do to support clients and their family to stay at home safely.

scholarly journals Sociocultural and health system factors associated with mortality among febrile inpatients in Tanzania: a prospective social biopsy cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. e000507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E Snavely ◽  
Michael J Maze ◽  
Charles Muiruri ◽  
Lilian Ngowi ◽  
Flora Mboya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Community Education ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Northern Tanzania ◽  
System Factors ◽  
At Home

IntroductionCommunicable diseases are the leading causes of death in Tanzania despite the existence of effective treatment tools. We aimed to assess the sociocultural and health system factors associated with mortality from febrile illness in northern Tanzania.MethodsWe interviewed febrile inpatients to determine prevalence of barriers in seeking or receiving care and grouped these barriers using the Three Delays model (delays at home, in transport and at healthcare facilities). We assessed 6-week mortality and, after matching on age, gender and severity of illness, measured the association between delays and mortality using conditional logistic regression.ResultsWe enrolled 475 children, of whom 18 (3.8%) died, and 260 adults, of whom 34 (13.0%) died. For children, home delays were not associated with mortality. Among adults, a delay in care-seeking due to not recognising severe symptoms was associated with mortality (OR: 3.01; 95% CI 1.24 to 7.32). For transport delays, taking >1 hour to reach a facility increased odds of death in children (OR: 3.27; 95% CI 1.11 to 9.66) and adults (OR: 3.03; 95% CI 1.32 to 6.99). For health system delays, each additional facility visited was associated with mortality for children (OR: 1.59; 95% CI 1.06 to 2.38) and adults (OR: 2.00; 95% CI 1.17 to 3.41), as was spending >4 days between the first facility visit and reaching tertiary care (OR: 4.39; 95% CI 1.49 to 12.93).ConclusionOur findings suggest that delays at home, in transport and in accessing tertiary care are risk factors for mortality from febrile illness in northern Tanzania. Interventions that may reduce mortality include community education regarding severe symptoms, expanding transportation infrastructure and streamlining referrals to tertiary care for the sickest patients.

Risk Factors Associated with Failure to Receive Vaccinations

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Marks ◽  
Thomas J. Halpin ◽  
John J. Irvin ◽  
Deane A. Johnson ◽  
John R. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Oral Polio Vaccine ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Major Purpose ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Basic Series ◽  
To Receive

A major purpose of a state-wide survey to document the vaccination status of 1,003 2-year-old children was to identify factors associated with failure to receive the recommended vaccinations. With a basic series of immunization defined as three doses of diphtheriatetanus-pertussis (DTP), three oral polio vaccine (OPV), one measles, and one rubella, 72.5% of the children had completed the series. When the completed series was redefined to include a fourth DTP and mumps vaccine the rate of completion dropped to 40.8%. However, 59.1% of the children who had not completed this optimal series could be brought up-to-date with a single visit to their provider of medical care. Demographic variables independently associated with completion of the basic series were increased paternal education (P < .001), increased maternal education (P < .02), smaller family size (P < .01) and higher socioeconomic status, as determined by census tract or rural town of residence (P < .02). Race was not found to be a factor associated with vaccination rates when socioeconomic status was controlled. Patients who received their vaccinations from private physicians had a better vaccination rate than those who attended health department clinics. This difference persisted even when socioeconomic status was controlled by residence (P < .02). The simultaneous comparison of parental education and family size demonstrated that a child having one parent with < 12 years education or having at least three siblings has a fourfold greater risk of failure to complete his immunization than children whose parents are both college graduates. By using paternal and maternal education level and family size as screening variables, children at high risk for failure to complete their immunizations could be identified prospectively and made the target of intervention programs to improve compliance.

scholarly journals Analyses of clinical outcomes after severe pelvic fractures: an international study

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. e000238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoungwon Jung ◽  
Shokei Matsumoto ◽  
Alan Smith ◽  
Kyungjin Hwang ◽  
John Cook-Jong Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Trauma Center ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Pelvic Fractures ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Inhospital Mortality ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Usa

BackgroundThis study aimed to compare treatment outcomes between patients with severe pelvic fractures treated at a representative trauma center that was established in Korea since 2015 and matched cases treated in the USA.MethodsTwo cohorts were selected from a single institution trauma database in South Korea (Ajou Trauma Data Bank (ATDB)) and the National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) in the USA. Adult blunt trauma patients with a pelvic Abbreviated Injury Scale >3 were included. Patients were matched based on covariates that affect mortality rate using a 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) approach. We compared differences in outcomes between the two groups, performed survival analysis for the cohort after PSM and identified factors associated with mortality. Lastly, we analyzed factors related to outcomes in the ATDB dataset comparing a period prior to the implementation of the trauma center according to US standards, an interim period and a postimplementation period.ResultsAfter PSM, a total of 320 patients (160 in each cohort) were identified for comparison. Inhospital mortality was significantly higher in the ATDB cohort using χ2 test, but it was not statistically significant when using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox regression analysis. Moreover, the mortality rate was similar comparing the NTDB cohort to ATDB data reflecting the post-trauma center establishment period. Older age, lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) at admission were factors associated with mortality.DiscussionMortality rate after severe pelvic fractures was significantly associated with older age, lower SBP and GCS scores at admission. Efforts to establish a trauma center in South Korea led to improvement in outcomes, which are comparable to those in US centers.Level of evidenceLevel IV.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Vitamin A Deficiency among Children and Women in Senegal

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Mane Hélène Faye ◽  
Nicole Idohou-Dossou ◽  
Abdou Badiane ◽  
Anta Agne-Djigo ◽  
Papa Mamadou DD Sylla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Subclinical Inflammation ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Factors Associated

Background: Like many developing countries, Senegal does not have data on the extent of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) that is representative of its population. The present survey was conducted to fill this gap and to identify factors associated with VAD, prior to the introduction of a large-scale vitamin A oil fortification program. Procedures: A nationwide representative cross-sectional survey involving 1887 children 12 to 59 months old and 1316 women of reproductive age (WRA) was conducted. Blood samples were collected and plasma concentrations of retinol (PR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and alpha-1-acidglycoprotein were measured. PR was adjusted for subclinical inflammation using the BRINDA regression methodology. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with VAD. Findings: The adjusted prevalence of VAD (PR ≤ 0.7 μmol/L) in children was 15.3% and differed by age group, area of residence, and socioeconomic status and half of them had subclinical inflammation. Among WRA, VAD was low (2.3%) and 18.1% had vitamin A insufficiency (VAI). Pregnant women were more affected by VAI (28.4%) and Dakar had lower figures compared with other cities and rural strata. Prevalence of VAI decreased with increasing wealth quintile. In logistic regression, abnormal CRP, poverty, scarce consumption of poultry, oysters, melon, red palm oil, palm kernel oil, Saba senegalensis fruit pulp (Maad) and cowpea, frequent consumption of leeks and consumption of Leptadenia hastata leaves (Mbuum tiakhat), were associated with VAD in children. For women, lower socioeconomic status, fair or poor health status and anemia were negatively associated with VAI. Conclusions: In Senegal, VAD is a moderate public health problem in children and slight among women. Particular attention should be paid to children older than 23 months, pregnant women, rural populations, and poorest households. Nutritional interventions should be implemented alongside morbidity prevention and control. Keywords: vitamin A deficiency, children 12-59 months, women of reproductive age, Senegal.

scholarly journals Dietary Factors Associated with Obesity in Patients with Schizophrenia Living at Home

2012 ◽  
Vol 03 (10) ◽  
pp. 1387-1396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukiko Inamura ◽  
Teiji Izumi ◽  
Kouji Sakurai ◽  
Takemi Katsui ◽  
Nobuko Murayama
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
At Home

scholarly journals Prevalence of and Factors Associated With Depressive Symptoms Among College Students in Wuhan, China During the Normalization Stage of COVID-19 Prevention and Control

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jincong Yu ◽  
Ziyun Yang ◽  
Yuqin Wu ◽  
Ming Ge ◽  
Xuemei Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Online Learning ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
And Control ◽  
At Home

Objectives: The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic has led to persistent negative psychological effects on the general public, especially on college students, who are highly susceptible to psychological difficulties, such as fear, anxiety, and depression. Little information is known about depressive symptoms among college students during the normalization stage of COVID-19 prevention and control in China. This study aimed to understand the prevalence of and factors associated with depressive symptoms after a long quarantine time and online learning at home among college students in Wuhan, China.Materials and Methods: A web-based survey was conducted from July to August 2020 during the Chinese summer holiday to collect data on sociodemographic variables, depressive symptoms, and their potential associated factors using an electronic questionnaire among college students in Wuhan, China. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was used to measure depressive symptoms. Binary logistic regression was used to explore the factors associated with depressive symptoms.Results: A total of 9,383 college students were included in the analysis. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 15.8% (1,486/9,383) among college students. The binary logistic regression showed that the experience of being quarantined for observation or treatment, family members or friends dying of COVID-19, rarely or never seeking help from others, fewer supportive relatives or friends, less support from family in the past month, a worse relationship with parents at home, a longer time spent daily on electronic devices except for online learning, and feeling anxious in the face of returning to school were independently associated with a higher risk of depressive symptoms. Academic stress and concern about the epidemic were the main reasons for their anxiety.Conclusions: Targeted psychological intervention measures are recommended for college students to improve their mental health during the normalization stage of COVID-19 prevention and control.

scholarly journals Determinants of psychological well-being in axial spondyloarthritis: an analysis based on linked claims and patient-reported survey data

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (7) ◽  
pp. 1017-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imke Redeker ◽  
Falk Hoffmann ◽  
Johanna Callhoff ◽  
Hildrun Haibel ◽  
Joachim Sieper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Axial Spondyloarthritis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Postal Questionnaire ◽  
Health Insurance Data ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Patient Reported

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the psychological well-being and to analyse factors associated with depressive symptoms in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA).MethodsA stratified random sample of subjects with a diagnosis of axSpA (International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, German Modification M45) was drawn from health insurance data in Germany. These persons received a postal questionnaire on disease-related, psychological and lifestyle factors as well as socioeconomic status. Additional information to verify the axSpA diagnosis was also collected. The psychological well-being was assessed by means of the 5-item WHO Well-Being Index (WHO-5), which is considered a screening tool for depression. The following established cut-offs on the WHO-5 were applied: >50: good well-being, no depressive symptoms; 29–50: mild depressive symptoms; ≤28: moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms. Information on comorbidities, drug prescriptions and non-pharmacological treatment was retrieved from claims data and linked to the questionnaire data.ResultsA total of 1736 persons with a confirmed axSpA diagnosis were included. Using the cut-offs on the WHO-5, 533 persons (31%) were found to have moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms, 479 (28%) had mild depressive symptoms and 724 (42%) had a good well-being. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that higher disease activity, higher level of functional impairment, lower income, self-reported stress and lack of exercise, and younger age represent factors associated with moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms.ConclusionsThe prevalence of depressive symptoms in axSpA subjects is high and associated with disease-related parameters, socioeconomic status and lifestyle factors. These findings highlight the need for the careful evaluation of depressive symptoms as a part of the management strategy for axSpA.

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