scholarly journals A Bioequivalence Study of Nicotine 2 Mg Lozenges in Indian Healthy Adult Human Male Smoker Subjects

2015 ◽  
Vol 07 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muneesh Garg ◽  
Krishnan Iyer ◽  
Raghu Naidu
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Bioequivalence Study ◽  
Male Smoker ◽  
Adult Human ◽  
Human Male

INFLUENCE OF D-THYROXINE AND L-THYROXINE ON THE BASOPHIL COUNT IN HUMAN BLOOD

1959 ◽  
Vol XXXII (II) ◽  
pp. 284-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.-W. A. Boseila ◽  
E. Moltke ◽  
H. Thorsøe
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Leucocyte Count ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Leucocyte Count ◽  
Adult Human ◽  
Human Male ◽  
Male Volunteers

ABSTRACT In five healthy adult human male volunteers, treatment with D-thyroxine was followed by an increase in the number of circulating basophil leucocytes. There was no significant changes in the number of circulating eosinophils or the total leucocyte count, and the serum-PBI did not rise significantly. L-Thyroxine, on the other hand, only caused slight changes in the basophil count and a significant rise in serum PBI. It is possible that the basophil leucocytes may be controlled by a balanced action of circulating thyrotrophic and thyroid hormones.

Development and Validity of Questionnaire for Healthy Adult Human Participants of Early Phase Bioequivalence Pharmacokinetic Endpoint Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-117
Author(s):  
Sharad Desai ◽  
Nilesh Patel
Keyword(s):  
Content Validity ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Domain Identification ◽  
Adult Human ◽  
Human Participants ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Validation Of Questionnaire

Participation of humans in clinical research is always remained questionable. Hence evaluation of such doubt helps to conclude the perception about such participation. This research presents the process for development and validation of questionnaire for Healthy Adult Human Participants of Early Phase Bioequivalence Pharmacokinetic Endpoint Study. For development of questionnaire, literature search, experts’ discussion and authors’ experience was used for domain identification and its segregation for different variables. For validity of questionnaire, face validity and content validity was performed. Modification was done based on response from experts during non-quantitative face validity. % of overall agreement was 94.55 for question asked in face validity. While, Content Validity Ratio and Content Validity Index was calculated using the process mentioned by Lawshe and Lynn respectively. Initially 83 items were identified but based on validation 84 items were finalized after removal of three and addition of four questions. Deleted three items had Content Validity Ratio of 0.00, 0.67 and 0.67 and which were below accepted level of 0.99. While, I-CVI was observed from range of 0.83 to 1.00 and S-CVI values were above acceptable level of 0.90 for S-CVI (S-CVI/ Ave) and 0.80 for S-CVI (S-CVI/UA) for whole questionnaire and each part.

scholarly journals A proximal-to-distal survey of healthy adult human small intestine and colon epithelium by single-cell transcriptomics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Burclaff ◽  
R. Jarrett Bliton ◽  
Keith A Breau ◽  
Meryem T Ok ◽  
Ismael Gomez-Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Cell Junction ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Human Small Intestine ◽  
Adult Human ◽  
Human Intestinal Epithelium

Background and Aims: Single-cell transcriptomics offer unprecedented resolution of tissue function at the cellular level, yet studies in healthy adult human small intestine and colon are sparse. Here, we present single-cell transcriptomics from 3 humans covering the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and ascending, transverse, and descending colon. Methods: 12,590 single epithelial cells from three independently processed organ donors were evaluated for organ-specific lineage biomarkers, differentially regulated genes, receptors, and drug targets. Analyses focused on intrinsic cell properties and capacity for response to extrinsic signals along the gut axis across different humans. Results: Cells were assigned to 25 epithelial lineage clusters. Human intestinal stem cells (ISCs) are not specifically marked by many murine ISC markers. Lysozyme expression is not unique to Paneth cells (PCs), and PCs lack expression of expected niche-factors. BEST4 cells express NPY and show functional and maturational differences between SI and colon. Tuft cells possess a broad ability to interact with the innate and adaptive immune systems through previously unreported receptors. Some classes of mucins, hormones, cell-junction, and nutrient absorption genes show unappreciated regional expression differences across lineages. Differential expression of receptors and drug targets across lineages reveals biological variation and potential for variegated responses. Conclusions: Our study identifies novel lineage marker genes; covers regional differences; shows important differences between mouse and human gut epithelium; and reveals insight into how the epithelium responds to the environment and drugs. This comprehensive cell atlas of the healthy adult human intestinal epithelium resolves data gaps in anatomical regions along the gastrointestinal tract and advances our understanding of human intestinal physiology.

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