Antiviral Activity of Tilmicosin for Type 1 and Type 2 Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus In Cultured Porcine Alveolar Macrophages

2011 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yijun Du ◽  
Dongwan Yoo ◽  
Marie Anne Paradis ◽  
Gail Scherba
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Alveolar Macrophages ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus

scholarly journals Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Antagonizes PCSK9’s Antiviral Effect via Nsp11 Endoribonuclease Activity

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 655
Author(s):  
Yujiao Zhang ◽  
Fei Gao ◽  
Liwei Li ◽  
Kuan Zhao ◽  
Shan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Alveolar Macrophages ◽  
Antiviral Effect ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Nonstructural Proteins ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Virus Receptor ◽  
Endoribonuclease Activity

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is one of the most important pathogens in the swine industry worldwide. Our previous study had indicated that proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) was a responsive gene in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) upon PRRSV infection. However, whether PCSK9 impacts the PRRSV replication and how the PRRSV modulates host PCSK9 remains elusive. Here, we demonstrated that PCSK9 protein suppressed the replication of both type-1 and type-2 PRRSV species. More specifically, the C-terminal domain of PCSK9 was responsible for the antiviral activity. Besides, we showed that PCSK9 inhibited PRRSV replication by targeting the virus receptor CD163 for degradation through the lysosome. In turn, PRRSV could down-regulate the expression of PCSK9 in both PAMs and MARC-145 cells. By screening the nonstructural proteins (nsps) of PRRSV, we showed that nsp11 could antagonize PCSK9’s antiviral activity. Furthermore, mutagenic analyses of PRRSV nsp11 revealed that the endoribonuclease activity of nsp11 was critical for antagonizing the antiviral effect of PCSK9. Collectively, our data provide further insights into the interaction between PRRSV and the cell host and offer a new potential target for the antiviral therapy of PRRSV.

scholarly journals Comparison of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2)-associated lesions produced by co-infection between two genotypes of PCV2 and two genotypes of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (11) ◽  
pp. 2486-2494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changhoon Park ◽  
Hwi Won Seo ◽  
Su-Jin Park ◽  
Kiwon Han ◽  
Chanhee Chae
Keyword(s):  
Porcine Circovirus Type ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type 2 ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Associated Lesions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Concurrent Infections

The objective of this study was to compare the virulence and pathogenicity of a combination of concurrent infections of two genotypes of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and two genotypes of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in terms of PCV2 viraemia, and PCV2-associated lesions and antigens in co-infected pigs. Pigs with PCV2a (or 2b)/type 1 (or type 2) PRRSV had significantly (P<0.05) higher mean clinical respiratory scores and lower average daily weight gain compared with pigs with PCV2a (or 2b). Co-infection induced significantly lower levels of anti-PCV2 and anti-PRRSV IgG antibodies than infection with one genotype alone, regardless of the genotype of the two viruses. Pigs with PCV2a (or 2b)/type 2 PRRSV had significantly (P<0.05) higher levels of PCV2 viraemia, more severe PCV2-associated lesions, and more PCV2 DNA within the lesions compared with pigs with PCV2a (or 2b)/type 1 PRRSV. However, there was no significant difference in these parameters in pigs with PCV2a/type 2 PRRSV or PCV2b/type 2 PRRSV. The results of this study demonstrate significant differences in the virulence and pathogenicity of type 1 and type 2 PRRSV but no significant differences in the virulence and pathogenicity of PCV2a and PCV2b with respect to the production of PCV2-associated lesions.

scholarly journals Activity of Penciclovir in Combination with Azido-Thymidine, Ganciclovir, Acyclovir, Foscarnet and Human Interferons against Herpes Simplex Virus Replication in Cell Culture

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Sutton ◽  
J. Taylor ◽  
T. H. Bacon ◽  
M. R. Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Hsv 1

Combinations of penciclovir (PCV) with other antiviral agents (acyclovir, ACV; ganciclovir, GCV; foscarnet, PFA; azido-thymidine, AZT) or with human interferons (HulFN-α,β,γ) were tested for inhibitory activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) or type 2 (HSV-2) in cell culture. The antiviral interactions observed between combinations of PCV with ACV or GCV were purely additive. Combinations of PCV with HulFNs demonstrated highly synergistic anti-herpesvirus activity; some synergy was also detected between PCV and PFA against HSV-1. High concentrations of AZT inhibited the antiviral activity of PCV; this antagonism was competitive. In more detailed studies it was demonstrated that high concentrations of AZT also inhibited the antiviral activity of ACV, and that ACV was more sensitive to this antagonism than PCV. It was concluded that the antagonism was unlikely to have clinical significance.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Antiviral Activity of a Series of New Cyclohexenyl Nucleosides

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Gu ◽  
Jordi Morral ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Jef Rozenski ◽  
Roger Busson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Cytostatic Activity ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Heterocyclic Bases

A series of new cyclohexenyl nucleosides is synthesized by coupling the heterocyclic bases with a protected cyclohexenyl precursor under Mitsunobu conditions. The compounds were evaluated for their antiviral and cytostatic activity. Pronounced activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 was observed for the 2,6-diaminopurine analogue.

scholarly journals A fast and robust method for full genome sequencing of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) Type 1 and Type 2

2013 ◽  
Vol 193 (2) ◽  
pp. 697-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lise K. Kvisgaard ◽  
Charlotte K. Hjulsager ◽  
Ulrik Fahnøe ◽  
Solvej Ø. Breum ◽  
Tahar Ait-Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Full Genome ◽  
Robust Method ◽  
Full Genome Sequencing
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