scholarly journals The Effect of the Refractive Index Input Value on Particle Size Distribution Measured by the Laser Diffraction & Scattering Method.

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 796-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu HAYAKAWA ◽  
Yoshihiro YASUDA ◽  
Makio NAITO ◽  
JunIchiro TSUBAKI
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Refractive Index ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Laser Diffraction ◽  
Scattering Method ◽  
Diffraction Scattering

scholarly journals PENENTUAN DISTRIBUSI UKURAN PARTIKEL TEPUNG TERIGU DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE PENGAPUNGAN BATANG (BUOYANCY WEIGHING-BAR METHOD)

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Rondang Tambun ◽  
Nofriko Pratama ◽  
Ely ◽  
Farida Hanum
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Laser Diffraction ◽  
Coulter Counter ◽  
Balance Method ◽  
Density Change ◽  
New Method ◽  
Diffraction Scattering

Particle size measurement of wheat flour is important in wheat flour industry. There are several methods have been used to measure particle size distribution (PSD) of wheat flour, such as Andreasen pipette method, sedimentation balance method, centrifugal sedimentation method. The disadvantages of these methods are that they are time consuming and require special skills. On the other hand, PSD can be analyzed using a different principle through laser diffraction/scattering methods, and coulter counter method. The laser diffraction/scattering and coulter counter methods produce highly accurate results within a shorter time, but the equipment is extremely expensive. Therefore, a simple and cost-effective new method to determine PSD is in high demand. In this study, we aim to develop a new method to measure the particle size distribution of wheat flour using a buoyancy weighing–bar method. In this method, the density change in a suspension due to particle migration (wheat flour) is measured by weighing buoyancy against a weighing–bar hung in the suspension (etanol/metanol), and the PSD is calculated using the length of the bar and the time–course change in the mass of the bar. This apparatus consists of an analytical balance with a hook for underfloor weighing, and a weighing–bar, which is used to detect the density change in suspension. The result obtained show that the PSD of wheat flour measured by the buoyancy weighing-bar method is comparable to that determined by settling balance method.

scholarly journals Impact of optical indices on particle size distribution of activated sludge measured by laser diffraction method

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Sochan ◽  
Cezary Polakowski ◽  
Grzegorz Łagód
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Refractive Index ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Mie Theory ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
Laser Diffraction ◽  
Optical Parameters ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Particle Size Distributions

Abstract The important factors that strongly influence the particle size distributions measured by the laser diffraction method are the optical parameters of the suspension (refractive index and absorption coefficient). Knowledge of the values of these parameters is necessary for Mie theory. Mie theory is applied for conversion of the intensity of light recorded on detectors into particle size distribution (PSD) of tested material. Both wastewater and activated sludge are mixtures of a variety of elements (mineral or organic, including living organisms). In practice, it is not possible to define clearly the values of the optical parameters, as the composition of the suspension changes over time. The aim of the study was to estimate the impact of assumed values of the optical parameters on particle size distributions obtained. The PSDs of suspensions sampled in different stages of wastewater treatment are the most reproducible when the following optical parameters are defined: absorption coefficients - 1.0 and the refractive index - 1.52.

scholarly journals Particle Size Distribution of Various Soil Materials Measured by Laser Diffraction—The Problem of Reproducibility

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 465
Author(s):  
Cezary Polakowski ◽  
Magdalena Ryżak ◽  
Agata Sochan ◽  
Michał Beczek ◽  
Rafał Mazur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Precise Measurement ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
Laser Diffraction ◽  
Method Analysis

Particle size distribution is an important soil parameter—therefore precise measurement of this characteristic is essential. The application of the widely used laser diffraction method for soil analysis continues to be a subject of debate. The precision of this method, proven on homogeneous samples, has been implicitly extended to soil analyses, but this has not been sufficiently well confirmed in the literature thus far. The aim of this study is to supplement the information available on the precision of the method in terms of reproducibility of soil measurement and whether the reproducibility of soil measurement is characterized by a normal distribution. To estimate the reproducibility of the laser diffraction method, thirteen various soil samples were characterized, and results were analysed statistically. The coefficient of variation acquired was lowest (3.44%) for silt and highest for sand (23.28%). Five of the thirteen tested samples were characterized by a normal distribution. The fraction content of eight samples was not characterized by normal distribution, but the extent of this phenomenon varied between soils. Although the laser diffraction method is repeatable, the measurement of soil particle size distribution can have limited reproducibility. The main cause seems to be small amounts of sand particles. The error can be amplified by the construction of the dispersion unit. Non-parametric statistical tests should be used by default for soil laser diffraction method analysis.

scholarly journals Digital microscopic image application (DMIA), an automatic method for particle size distribution analysis in waste activated sludge

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Cazares ◽  
J. A. Barrios ◽  
C. Maya ◽  
G. Velásquez ◽  
M. Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
Laser Diffraction ◽  
Waste Activated Sludge ◽  
Equivalent Diameter ◽  
Distribution Analysis

Abstract An important physical property in environmental samples is particle size distribution. Several processes exist to measure particle diameter, including change in electrical resistance, blocking of light, the fractionation of field flow and laser diffraction (these being the most commonly used). However, their use requires expensive and complex equipment. Therefore, a Digital Microscopic Imaging Application (DMIA) method was developed adapting the algorithms used in the Helminth Egg Automatic Detector (HEAD) software coupled with a Neural Network (NN) and Bayesian algorithms. This allowed the determination of particle size distribution in samples of waste activated sludge (WAS), recirculated sludge (RCS), and pretreated sludge (PTS). The recirculation and electro-oxidation pre-treatment processes showed an effect in increasing the degree of solubilization (DS), decreasing particle size and breakage factor with ranges between 44.29%, and 31.89%. Together with a final NN calibration process, it was possible to compare results. For example, the 90th percentile of Equivalent Diameter (ED) value obtained by the DMIA with the corresponding result for the laser diffraction method. DMIA values: 228.76 μm (WAS), 111.18 μm (RCS), and 84.45 μm (PTS). DMIA processing has advantages in terms of reducing complexity, cost and time, and offers an alternative to the laser diffraction method.

scholarly journals Application of laser diffraction method for determination

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 34-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ryzak ◽  
A. Bieganowski ◽  
R.T. Walczak
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
Laser Diffraction ◽  
Soil Material ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Particle Size Distribution Measurement ◽  
Straight Lines

Particle size distribution affects many physical soil properties and processes taking place in soil. There are many methods to determine the particle size distribution. The most frequently used are the sieve, sieve-pipette and sedimentation methods. Technological progress in electronics permitted a wide use of new methods of particle size distribution measurement in soil, e.g. the laser diffraction method. A comparison of particle size distribution obtained with the universally used areometer method (Cassagrande, modified by Prószynski) with results from the laser diffraction method for soil material received from grey-brown podzolic soil is presented in this work. The largest differences between the results were obtained for the smallest fraction determined with the areometer and laser diffraction methods. In a majority of other cases the slopes of interpolated straight lines were contained within the range of 0.81 ÷ 1.09.

scholarly journals Laser Diffraction as An Innovative Alternative to Standard Pipette Method for Determination of Soil Texture Classes in Central Europe

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1232
Author(s):  
Dušan Igaz ◽  
Elena Aydin ◽  
Miroslava Šinkovičová ◽  
Vladimír Šimanský ◽  
Andrej Tall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Texture Classification ◽  
Size Fraction ◽  
Laser Diffraction ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Particle Size Fraction

The paper presents the comparison of soil particle size distribution determined by standard pipette method and laser diffraction. Based on the obtained results (542 soil samples from 271 sites located in the Nitra, Váh and Hron River basins), regression models were calculated to convert the results of the particle size distribution by laser diffraction to pipette method. Considering one of the most common soil texture classification systems used in Slovakia (according to Novák), the emphasis was placed on the determination accuracy of particle size fraction <0.01 mm. Analysette22 MicroTec plus and Mastersizer2000 devices were used for laser diffraction. Polynomial regression model resulted in the best approximation of measurements by laser diffraction to values obtained by pipette method. In the case of particle size fraction <0.01 mm, the differences between the measured values by pipette method and both laser analyzers ranged in average from 3% up to 9% and from 2% up to 11% in the case of Analysette22 and Mastersizer2000, respectively. After correction, the differences decreased to average 3.28% (Analysette22) and 2.24% (Mastersizer2000) in comparison with pipette method. After recalculation of the data, laser diffraction can be used alongside the sedimentation methods.

Determination of Particle-Size Distribution and Concentration of Cigarette Smoke by a Light-Scattering Method

1977 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Okada ◽  
Y. Ishizu ◽  
K. Matsunuma
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Scattered Light ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Number Concentration ◽  
Scattering Method ◽  
Working Standard

AbstractA new method for determining particle-size distribution of cigarette smoke particles was developed by simultaneous measurement of scattered light at three angles for a fixed wavelength. A theoretical chart useful for this purpose, which was made of the relative intensities of scattered light at the angles 45° and 135° to that at the angle 90°, was calculated on the basis of the Mie theory. The number concentration was determined from the Rayleigh ratio using the working standard method. The measurements were rapidly performed, without change of particle size during measuring time, with a device for dilution. The geometric mean diameter, the logarithmic standard deviation and the number concentration of mainstream smoke were found to be about 0.18 um, 0.4 and 3 X 10

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