scholarly journals Combined treatment with regulatory T cells and vascularized bone marrow transplantation creates mixed chimerism and induces donor-specific tolerance to vascularized composite allografts without cytoreductive conditioning

Chimerism ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeng-Yee Lin ◽  
Feng-Chou Tsai ◽  
Christopher Glenn Wallace ◽  
Wei-Chao Huang ◽  
Fu-Chan Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Mixed Chimerism ◽  
Donor Specific Tolerance ◽  
Specific Tolerance ◽  
Vascularized Bone

scholarly journals Mixed chimerism and permanent specific transplantation tolerance induced by a nonlethal preparative regimen.

1989 ◽  
Vol 169 (2) ◽  
pp. 493-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Sharabi ◽  
D H Sachs
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Host Resistance ◽  
Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mixed Chimerism ◽  
Skin Grafts ◽  
Preparative Regimen ◽  
Donor Specific Tolerance ◽  
Specific Tolerance

The use of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation as a means of inducing donor-specific tolerance across MHC barriers could provide an immunologically specific conditioning regimen for organ transplantation. However, a major limitation to this approach is the toxicity of whole body irradiation as currently used to abrogate host resistance and permit marrow engraftment. The present study describes methodology for abrogating host resistance and permitting marrow engraftment without lethal irradiation. Our preparative protocol involves administration of anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 mAbs in vivo, 300-rad WBI, 700-rad thymic irradiation, and unmanipulated fully MHC-disparate bone marrow. B10 mice prepared by this regimen developed stable mixed lymphohematopoetic chimerism without any clinical evidence of graft-vs.-host disease. Engraftment was accompanied by induction of specific tolerance to donor skin grafts (B10.D2), while third-party skin grafts (B10.BR) were promptly rejected. Mice treated with the complete regimen without bone marrow transplantation appeared healthy and enjoyed long-term survival. This study therefore demonstrates that stable mixed chimerism with donor-specific tolerance can be induced across an MHC barrier after a nonlethal preparative regimen, without clinical GVHD and without the risk of aplasia.

scholarly journals Identification and expansion of highly suppressive CD8+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells after experimental allogeneic bone marrow transplantation

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 119 (24) ◽  
pp. 5898-5908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renee J. Robb ◽  
Katie E. Lineburg ◽  
Rachel D. Kuns ◽  
Yana A. Wilson ◽  
Neil C. Raffelt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Class I ◽  
Allogeneic Bone ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes

Abstract FoxP3+ confers suppressive properties and is confined to regulatory T cells (Treg) that potently inhibit autoreactive immune responses. In the transplant setting, natural CD4+ Treg are critical in controlling alloreactivity and the establishment of tolerance. We now identify an important CD8+ population of FoxP3+ Treg that convert from CD8+ conventional donor T cells after allogeneic but not syngeneic bone marrow transplantation. These CD8+ Treg undergo conversion in the mesenteric lymph nodes under the influence of recipient dendritic cells and TGF-β. Importantly, this population is as important for protection from GVHD as the well-studied natural CD4+FoxP3+ population and is more potent in exerting class I–restricted and antigen-specific suppression in vitro and in vivo. Critically, CD8+FoxP3+ Treg are exquisitely sensitive to inhibition by cyclosporine but can be massively and specifically expanded in vivo to prevent GVHD by coadministering rapamycin and IL-2 antibody complexes. CD8+FoxP3+ Treg thus represent a new regulatory population with considerable potential to preferentially subvert MHC class I–restricted T-cell responses after bone marrow transplantation.

scholarly journals Combined Bone Marrow and Kidney Transplantation for the Induction of Specific Tolerance

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Bin Chen ◽  
Tatsuo Kawai ◽  
Thomas R. Spitzer
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Mixed Chimerism ◽  
Clonal Deletion ◽  
Primate Model ◽  
Hematopoietic Chimerism ◽  
Specific Tolerance

The induction of specific tolerance, in order to avoid the detrimental effects of lifelong systemic immunosuppressive therapy after organ transplantation, has been considered the “Holy Grail” of transplantation. Experimentally, tolerance has been achieved through clonal deletion, through costimulatory blockade, through the induction or infusion of regulatory T-cells, and through the establishment of hematopoietic chimerism following donor bone marrow transplantation. The focus of this review is how tolerance has been achieved following combined bone marrow and kidney transplantation. Preclinical models of combined bone marrow and kidney transplantation have shown that tolerance can be achieved through either transient or sustained hematopoietic chimerism. Combined transplants for patients with multiple myeloma have shown that organ tolerance and prolonged disease remissions can be accomplished with such an approach. Similarly, multiple clinical strategies for achieving tolerance in patients without an underlying malignancy have been described, in the context of either transient or durable mixed chimerism or sustained full donor hematopoiesis. To expand the chimerism approach to deceased donor transplants, a delayed tolerance approach, which will involve organ transplantation with conventional immunosuppression followed months later by bone marrow transplantation, has been successful in a primate model. As combined bone marrow and organ transplantation become safer and increasingly successful, the achievement of specific tolerance may become more widely applicable.

Coexistence of Two Functioning T-Cell Repertoires in Healthy Ex-Thalassemics Bearing a Persistent Mixed Chimerism Years After Bone Marrow Transplantation

Blood ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 94 (10) ◽  
pp. 3432-3438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Battaglia ◽  
Marco Andreani ◽  
Marisa Manna ◽  
Sonia Nesci ◽  
Paola Tonucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Mixed Chimerism ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Repertoire Analysis ◽  
Donor Cells ◽  
Donor Lymphocytes

Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from an HLA-identical donor is an established therapy to cure homozygous β-thalassemia. Approximately 10% of thalassemic patients developed a persistent mixed chimerism (PMC) after BMT characterized by stable coexistence of host and donor cells in all hematopoietic compartments. Interestingly, in the erythrocytic lineage, close to normal levels of hemoglobin can be observed in the absence of complete donor engraftment. In the lymphocytic lineage, the striking feature is the coexistence of immune cells. This implies a state of tolerance or anergy, raising the issue of immunocompetence of the host. To understand the state of the T cells in PMC, repertoire analysis and functional studies were performed on cells from 3 ex-thalassemics. Repertoire analysis showed a profound skewing. This was due to an expansion of some T cells and not to a collapse of the repertoire, because phytohemagglutinin stimulation showed the presence of a complex repertoire. The immunocompetence of the chimeric immune systems was further established by showing responses to alloantigens and recall antigens in vitro. Both host and donor lymphocytes were observed in the cultures. These data suggest that the expanded T cells play a role in specific tolerance while allowing a normal immune status in these patients.

Immunoregulatory Effects of Allogeneic Mixed Chimerism Induced by T-Cell Depleted, Nonmyeloablative Bone Marrow Transplantation on Chronic Inflammatory Arthritis and Autoimmunity Developed in Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist-Deficient Mice.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 1277-1277
Author(s):  
Seok-Goo Cho ◽  
Min-Chung Park ◽  
So-Youn Min ◽  
Young-Gyu Cho ◽  
Seok Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Inflammatory Arthritis ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Mixed Chimerism ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Arthritis

Abstract Objective: To investigate the immunoregulatory effects of allogeneic mixed chimerism induced by T-cell depleted, nonmyeloablative bone marrow transplantation (TCD-NMT) on chronic inflammatory arthritis and autoimmunity developed in interleukin-1 receptor antagonist-deficient (IL-1Ra−/ −) mice. Methods: IL-1Ra−/ − mice (H-2kd) were treated with anti-asialoGM1 Ab, TBI 500 cGy, and TCD-NMT from C57BL/6 mice (H-2kb). Engraftment and chimerism were evaluated on peripheral blood (PB), lymph node, and spleen by multi-color flow cytometry. The severity of arthritis was evaluated by clinical score and histopathology. IgG1 and IgG2a subtype of anti-type II collagen (CII) were measured in PB samples. After T cells were stimulated with CII, ovalbumin, and phytohemagglutinin, T-cell proliferation response and cytokines production (INF-g, TNF-a, IL-10, and IL-17) in culture supernatant were assayed. Results: All the transplanted IL-1Ra mice showed marked improvement of arthritis within 3 weeks after transplantation as well as successful induction of mixed chimerism. Mice in mixed chimerism showed higher level of anti-CII IgG1 and lower level of anti-CII IgG2a and weaker T cell proliferative response than in control groups, such as no-treatment and conditioning only without BM rescue. In mixed chimera, INF-g, TNF-a and IL-17 production from CII-stimulated T cells was significantly suppressed and IL-10 production was significantly increased as compared to the control groups. Conclusion: These observations indicate that the introduction of allogeneic mixed chimerism has a strong immunoregulatroy potential to correct established chronic inflammatory arthritis and autoimmunity originating from dysregulated proinflammatory cytokine network.

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