scholarly journals Sororin, the Cell Cycle and Sister Chromatid Cohesion

Cell Cycle ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 1039-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susannah Rankin
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Sister Chromatid ◽  
Sister Chromatid Cohesion ◽  
Chromatid Cohesion

scholarly journals The acetyltransferase activity of San stabilizes the mitotic cohesin at the centromeres in a shugoshin-independent manner

2007 ◽  
Vol 177 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fajian Hou ◽  
Chih-Wen Chu ◽  
Xiangduo Kong ◽  
Kyoko Yokomori ◽  
Hui Zou
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Sister Chromatid ◽  
Sister Chromatid Cohesion ◽  
Independent Manner ◽  
Acetyltransferase Activity ◽  
Chromatid Cohesion ◽  
Interphase Cells ◽  
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Proper sister chromatid cohesion is critical for maintaining genetic stability. San is a putative acetyltransferase that is important for sister chromatid cohesion in Drosophila melanogaster, but not in budding yeast. We showed that San is critical for sister chromatid cohesion in HeLa cells, suggesting that this mechanism may be conserved in metazoans. Furthermore, although a small fraction of San interacts with the NatA complex, San appears to mediate cohesion independently. San exhibits acetyltransferase activity in vitro, and its activity is required for sister chromatid cohesion in vivo. In the absence of San, Sgo1 localizes correctly throughout the cell cycle. However, cohesin is no longer detected at the mitotic centromeres. Furthermore, San localizes to the cytoplasm in interphase cells; thus, it may not gain access to chromosomes until mitosis. Moreover, in San-depleted cells, further depletion of Plk1 rescues the cohesion along the chromosome arms, but not at the centromeres. Collectively, San may be specifically required for the maintenance of the centromeric cohesion in mitosis.

scholarly journals Pds5p regulates the maintenance of sister chromatid cohesion and is sumoylated to promote the dissolution of cohesion

2003 ◽  
Vol 163 (4) ◽  
pp. 729-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Stead ◽  
Cristina Aguilar ◽  
Theresa Hartman ◽  
Melissa Drexel ◽  
Pamela Meluh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Temperature Sensitivity ◽  
Sister Chromatid ◽  
Sister Chromatid Cohesion ◽  
Cohesin Complex ◽  
Chromatid Cohesion ◽  
Chromosomal Loci

Pds5p and the cohesin complex are required for sister chromatid cohesion and localize to the same chromosomal loci over the same cell cycle window. However, Pds5p and the cohesin complex likely have distinct roles in cohesion. We report that pds5 mutants establish cohesion, but during mitosis exhibit precocious sister dissociation. Thus, unlike the cohesin complex, which is required for cohesion establishment and maintenance, Pds5p is required only for maintenance. We identified SMT4, which encodes a SUMO isopeptidase, as a high copy suppressor of both the temperature sensitivity and precocious sister dissociation of pds5 mutants. In contrast, SMT4 does not suppress temperature sensitivity of cohesin complex mutants. Pds5p is SUMO conjugated, with sumoylation peaking during mitosis. SMT4 overexpression reduces Pds5p sumoylation, whereas smt4 mutants have increased Pds5p sumoylation. smt4 mutants were previously shown to be defective in cohesion maintenance during mitosis. These data provide the first link between a protein required for cohesion, Pds5p, and sumoylation, and suggest that Pds5p sumoylation promotes the dissolution of cohesion.

scholarly journals Correct spindle elongation at the metaphase/anaphase transition is an APC-dependent event in budding yeast

2001 ◽  
Vol 155 (5) ◽  
pp. 711-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fedor Severin ◽  
Anthony A. Hyman ◽  
Simonetta Piatti
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Dna Replication ◽  
Chromosome Segregation ◽  
Sister Chromatid ◽  
Budding Yeast ◽  
Sister Chromatid Cohesion ◽  
Anaphase Promoting Complex ◽  
Sister Chromatids ◽  
Chromatid Cohesion ◽  
Spindle Elongation

At the metaphase to anaphase transition, chromosome segregation is initiated by the splitting of sister chromatids. Subsequently, spindles elongate, separating the sister chromosomes into two sets. Here, we investigate the cell cycle requirements for spindle elongation in budding yeast using mutants affecting sister chromatid cohesion or DNA replication. We show that separation of sister chromatids is not sufficient for proper spindle integrity during elongation. Rather, successful spindle elongation and stability require both sister chromatid separation and anaphase-promoting complex activation. Spindle integrity during elongation is dependent on proteolysis of the securin Pds1 but not on the activity of the separase Esp1. Our data suggest that stabilization of the elongating spindle at the metaphase to anaphase transition involves Pds1-dependent targets other than Esp1.

scholarly journals Cohesin architecture and clustering in vivo

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siheng Xiang ◽  
Douglas Koshland
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Transcription Regulation ◽  
Sister Chromatid ◽  
Coiled Coil ◽  
Sister Chromatid Cohesion ◽  
Chromosome Condensation ◽  
Cohesin Complex ◽  
Chromatid Cohesion

Cohesin helps mediate sister chromatid cohesion, chromosome condensation, DNA repair, and transcription regulation. We exploited proximity-dependent labeling to define the in vivo interactions of cohesin domains with DNA or with other cohesin domains that lie within the same or in different cohesin complexes. Our results suggest that both cohesin's head and hinge domains are proximal to DNA, and cohesin structure is dynamic with differential folding of its coiled coil regions to generate butterfly confirmations. This method also reveals that cohesins form ordered clusters on and off DNA. The levels of cohesin clusters and their distribution on chromosomes are cell cycle-regulated. Cohesin clustering is likely necessary for cohesion maintenance because clustering and maintenance uniquely require the same subset of cohesin domains and the auxiliary cohesin factor Pds5p. These conclusions provide important new mechanistic and biological insights into the architecture of the cohesin complex, cohesin–cohesin interactions, and cohesin's tethering and loop-extruding activities.

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