scholarly journals Bone marrow- and subcutaneous adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells: Differences and similarities

Cell Cycle ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata I. Dmitrieva ◽  
Izida R. Minullina ◽  
Anna A. Bilibina ◽  
Olga V. Tarasova ◽  
Sergey V. Anisimov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

scholarly journals Differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells derived from human bone marrow and subcutaneous adipose tissue into pancreatic islet-like clusters in vitro

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhanasekaran Marappagounder ◽  
Indumathi Somasundaram ◽  
Sudarsanam Dorairaj ◽  
Rajkumar Sankaran
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Pancreatic Islet ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lineage Differentiation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

AbstractAlthough stem cells are present in various adult tissues and body fluids, bone marrow has been the most popular source of stem cells for treatment of a wide range of diseases. Recent results for stem cells from adipose tissue have put it in a position to compete for being the leading therapeutic source. The major advantage of these stem cells over their counterparts is their amazing proliferative and differentiation potency. However, their pancreatic lineage transdifferentiation competence was not compared to that for bone marrow-derived stem cells. This study aims to identify an efficient source for transdifferentiation into pancreatic islet-like clusters, which would increase potential application in curative diabetic therapy. The results reveal that mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) derived from bone marrow and subcutaneous adipose tissue can differentiate into pancreatic islet-like clusters, as evidenced by their islet-like morphology, positive dithizone staining and expression of genes such as Nestin, PDX1, Isl 1, Ngn 3, Pax 4 and Insulin. The pancreatic lineage differentiation was further corroborated by positive results in the glucose challenge assay. However, the results indicate that bone marrow-derived MSCs are superior to those from subcutaneous adipose tissue in terms of differentiation into pancreatic islet-like clusters. In conclusion, bone marrow-derived MSC might serve as a better alternative in the treatment of diabetes mellitus than those from adipose tissue.

scholarly journals Are Adipose-Derived Stem Cells from Liver Falciform Ligaments Another Possible Source of Mesenchymal Stem Cells?

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 855-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Woo Lee ◽  
Jae Uk Chong ◽  
Seon Ok Min ◽  
Seon Young Bak ◽  
Kyung Sik Kim
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Falciform Ligament ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Falciform ligaments in the liver are surrounded by adipose tissue. We investigated the capability of adipose-derived stem cells from human liver falciform ligaments (hLF-ADSCs) to differentiate into hepatic-type cells and confirmed the functional capacity of the cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated from the liver falciform ligament and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue in patients undergoing partial hepatectomy for liver disease. Cells were cultivated in MSC culture medium. Properties of MSCs were confirmed by flow cytometry, RT-PCR analysis, immunocytochemistry assays, and multilineage differentiation. Hepatic induction was performed using a three-step differentiation protocol with various growth factors. Morphology, capacity for expansion, and characteristics were similar between hLF-ADSCs and adipose-derived stem cells from human abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (hAS-ADSCs). However, hematopoietic– and mesenchymal–epithelial transition (MET)-related surface markers (CD133, CD34, CD45, and E-cadherin) had a higher expression in hLF-ADSCs. The hepatic induction marker genes had a higher expression in hLF-ADSCs on days 7 and 10 after the hepatic induction. Albumin secretion was similar between hLF-ADSCs and hAS-ADSCs at 20 days after the hepatic induction. The hLF-ADSCs had a different pattern of surface marker expression relative to hAS-ADSCs. However, proliferation, multilineage capacity, and hepatic induction were similar between the cell types. Accordingly, it may be a useful source of MSCs for patients with liver disease.

282 ADIPOGENIC DIFFERENTIATION IN VITRO OF PORCINE ADULT MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 238 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Monaco ◽  
A. Lima ◽  
S. Wilson ◽  
S. Lane ◽  
M. Bionaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adipogenic Differentiation ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Mrna Abundance ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

The quantity and accessibility of subcutaneous adipose tissue in humans make it an attractive alternative to bone marrow as a source of adult stem cells for therapeutic purposes. However, before such a cell source substitution can be proposed, the properties of stem cells derived from adipose tissue (ADSC) and bone marrow (BMSC), and their differentiated progeny must be compared in an animal model, such as swine, that adequately simulates the structure and physiology of humans. The objective of this work was to induce adult porcine stem cells isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue and bone marrow to differentiate in vitro along the adipogenic lineage and to compare their transcript profile properties. ADSC and BMSC were isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue and femurs of adult pigs, respectively, and differentiated along the adipogenic lineage using specific inducing medium. Cells were incubated up to 4 weeks with medium replaced every 3 days. Histological staining with Oil Red O was performed at 0, 2, 4, 7, 14, 21, 28 days of differentiation (dd) to confirm the adipogenic differentiation. RNA was also extracted at these time points. qPCR was performed on PPARG, DBI, ACSL1, CD36, CEBPA, DGAT2, ADFP, ADIPOQ, SCD. The geometrical mean of GTF2H3, NUBP, and PPP2CB was used as an internal control. Gene expression was analyzed using a mixed model of SAS with repeated time. The adipogenic differentiation of both ADSC and BMSC was confirmed by the Oil Red O positive staining. The relative mRNA abundance of all the genes at dd0 was similar between the ADSC and BMSC. The relative mRNA abundance of most of the genes was also similar between ADSC and BMSC throughout the adipogenic differentiation. ACSL1 and ADIPOQ had analogous expression patterns among the cell types. ACSL1 had relatively large mRNA abundance before differentiation, but ADIPOQ was barely detectable. As a consequence of differentiation, ACSL1 increased in relative mRNA abundance about 10-fold, whereas ADIPOQ mRNA increased about 1000-fold. Temporal expression patterns of SCD, DGAT2, and ADFP were similar. The increase in gene expression was >800% for SCD, >500% for ADFP, and >50 000% for DGAT2 after 7dd. ADSC had significantly higher expression of those genes compared to BMSC at 14 and 28dd. Both ADIPOQ and DGAT2 were almost undetectable prior to differentiation. mRNA expression of CD36 and DBI was similar with a significantly larger increase in expression of ADSC compared with BMSC. Relative mRNA abundance of CEBPA and PPARG was also larger in ADSC compared with BMSC; however, BMSC had a remarkable increase in temporal expression of those genes throughout adipogenic differentiation. These results suggest both cell types can differentiate towards the adipogenic lineage but with quantitatively different gene expression patterns. More investigation is needed before the ADSC can be considered a practical alternative source for stem cells in future human clinical applications. This research was supported by the Illinois Regenerative Medicine Institute.

286 OSTEOGENIC DIFFERENTIATION IN VITRO OF PORCINE ADULT MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
A. Lima ◽  
E. Monaco ◽  
S. Wilson ◽  
D. Kim ◽  
C. Feltrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Alizarin Red ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

The quantity and accessibility of subcutaneous adipose tissue in humans make it an attractive alternative to bone marrow as a source of adult stem cells for therapeutic purposes. However, before such a cell source substitution can be proposed, the properties of stem cells derived from adipose (ADSCs) and bone marrow (MSCs) and their differentiated progeny must be compared in an animal model that adequately simulates the structure and physiology of humans. The objective of this work was to induce adult porcine stem cells isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue and bone marrow to differentiate in vitro along the osteoblastic lineage and to compare their morphological, phenotypic, and genotypic properties. MSCs and ADSCs were isolated respectively from femurs and subcutaneous adipose tissue of adult pigs and cultured in vitro using DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 1% penicillin G-streptomycin, and 5.6 mg L–1 amphotericin B. After 3 passages, cells were differentiated along the osteogenic lineage using lineage-specific inducing medium. Osteogenic medium contained 100 nm dexamethasone, 10 mm β-glycerophosphate, and 0.005 mm ascorbic acid-2-phosphate. Osteogenic cultures were incubated for 4 weeks in 95% air and 5% CO2 at 39�C. Spent medium was replaced with fresh medium every 3 days. Histological staining with alkaline phosphatase, Von Kossa, and alizarin red S were performed at 0, 2, 4, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of differentiation (dd). At the same time points, RNA was extracted. qPCR was performed on COL1A1, BGLAP, SPARC, and SPP1. As internal control, the geometrical mean of GTF2H, NUBP, and PPP2C was used. Relative mRNA abundance between cell types was calculated using 1/efficiencydCT. The osteogenic differentiation of both MSCs and ADScs was confirmed by the organization of the cells in nodules and by alkaline phosphatase-, Von Kossa-, and alizarin red S-positive staining. The percent relative abundance of the 4 genes in both cell types was COL1A1 (ca. 50) > SPARC (ca. 45) > SPP1 (ca. 5) > BGLAP ( < 0.1). Cell types showed similar mRNA abundance for COL1A1 and SPARC while SPP1 and BGLAP were, respectively, 10- and 19-fold higher in MSCs than in ADSCs. All of the genes had the same pattern among tissues during differentiation except for SPP1, which showed a >10-fold increase at 14 v. 0 dd only for MSCs. Adipose-derived stem cells demonstrated a clear osteogenic differentiation and similar expression and pattern of the two osteogenic genes most abundant in MSCs (COL1A1 and SPARC). However, the higher abundance of SPP1 and BGLAP and the different behavior of SPP1 in MSCs suggest a different transcription profile between the two cell types. From these preliminary results, adipose tissue can be a practical alternative source for stem cells in future human clinical applications.

scholarly journals Physiological effects of proinsulin-connecting peptide in human subcutaneous adipose tissue

2017 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-205
Author(s):  
A Ghorbani ◽  
R Shafiee-Nick ◽  
SA Zojaji ◽  
MT Rajabi-Mashhadi
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Media Effect ◽  
Alizarin Red ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
And Function ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Recent studies suggest that proinsulin-connecting peptide (C-peptide) may exhibit characteristics of a hormone and show physiological functions in various tissues. This study was aimed to determine whether C-peptide could be involved in the regulation of lipolysis, adiponectin release, and function of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in adipose tissue. Human subcutaneous adipose tissue was cultured in the presence of C-peptide. The level of lipolysis was determined by glycerol measurement in the conditioned media. Effect of C-peptide on adiponectin secretion was evaluated in differentiated adipocytes. The adipogenic and osteogenic abilities of adipose MSCs were evaluated using oil red and alizarin red staining, respectively. The tetrazolium bromide test was conducted for evaluating the effect of C-peptide on MSCs proliferation. C-peptide induced a significant decrease in basal lipolysis at concentrations of 8 and 16 nM (p < 0.05). It had no significant effects on isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis, adiponectin secretion, and adipogenic or osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. At a concentration of 4 nM, this peptide significantly increased the proliferative capability of MSCs (p < 0.05). These results suggest that C-peptide has some physiological effects in human subcutaneous adipose tissue and contributes to the regulation of basal lipolysis and pool of MSCs.

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