scholarly journals Correction to Ren et al., Adipocyte Volume 2, Issue 1, pp. 17–27

Adipocyte ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-191
Author(s):  
Wenying Ren ◽  
Ulupi S Jhala ◽  
Keyong Du
Keyword(s):  
Adipocyte Volume

scholarly journals Genetics of variation in adiponectin in pedigreed baboons: evidence for pleiotropic effects on adipocyte volume and serum adiponectin

Heredity ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 382-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
M E Tejero ◽  
V S Voruganti ◽  
I P Rodríguez-Sánchez ◽  
J M Proffitt ◽  
J Blangero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pleiotropic Effects ◽  
Serum Adiponectin ◽  
Adipocyte Volume

Changes in body composition relative to weight and maturity of Australian Dorset Horn rams and wethers 4. Adipocyte volume and number in dissected fat partitions

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Thompson ◽  
R. M. Butterfield
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Kidney Fat ◽  
Adipocyte Volume ◽  
Omental Fat

ABSTRACTThe effect of castration on the cellular characteristics of dissected fat partitions was examined in 20 Dorset Horn rams and 20 Dorset Horn wethers. Cellular characteristics of dissected carcass (subcutaneous and intermuscular partitions) and non-carcass (kidney fat, omental and mesenteric partitions) fat partitions were examined in 13 mature animals, and the rate of change in adipocyte volume relative to the change in chemical-fat weight in that partition, examined in 27 immature animals.Mature wethers had a greater concentration of chemical fat in the subcutaneous fat partition than mature rams (917 v. 885 g/kg, respectively). This, in combination with a greater weight of dissected subcutaneous fat, resulted in a greater weight of chemical fat in the subcutaneous partition of wethers compared with rams. Mature wethers had larger adipocytes than mature rams in all dissected fat partitions, with the largest increase in the subcutaneous and omental fat partitions. The increased adipocyte volume in the dissected fat partitions in mature wethers resulted in a smaller total estimated number of adipocytes in all carcass and non-carcass fat partitions compared with mature rams.Standardized allometric coefficients for adipocyte volume relative to chemical-fat weight in that partition showed that increases in chemical-fat weight were due to a combination of hypertrophy and hyperplasia. In the omental and kidney fat partitions, hypertrophy contributed more to the increase in chemical-fat weight in wethers compared with rams.

The distribution, cellular structure, and metabolism of adipose tissue in the fin whale, Balaenoptera physalus

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 534-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline M. Pond ◽  
Christine A. Mattacks
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Balaenoptera Physalus ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Fin Whale ◽  
Terrestrial Mammals ◽  
The North ◽  
Adipocyte Volume

The gross mass, mean adipocyte volume, and hexokinase and phosphofructokinase activities of blubber and internal adipose tissue were measured from fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) caught in the North Atlantic west of Iceland. Fin whale adipocytes are smaller but more numerous than predictions from allometric equations relating adipose tissue structure to body mass, but the deviations are no greater than those of some terrestrial mammals, including humans. Significant activity of the glycolytic enzymes was measured from all adipose tissue samples except those around the eyeball; the activities of hexokinase and phosphofructokinase measured at room temperature are only slightly lower in the blubber than in the internal adipose depots. There was little evidence for metabolic correlates of the site-specific differences in the structure and chemistry of blubber. The highest capacity for glucose utilization was measured in adipose tissue from depots in the neck and the thorax, both of which may contain thermogenic tissue in neonates.

Determinants of leptin gene expression in fat depots of lean mice

2002 ◽  
Vol 282 (1) ◽  
pp. R226-R234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiying Zhang ◽  
Kai-Ying Guo ◽  
Patricia A. Diaz ◽  
Moonseong Heo ◽  
Rudolph L. Leibel
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Glucocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Insulin Receptor ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Adipocyte Volume

The relationship of leptin gene expression to adipocyte volume was investigated in lean 10-wk-old male C57BL/6J mice. mRNA levels for leptin, insulin receptor, glucocorticoid receptor, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in inguinal, epididymal, and retroperitoneal adipose tissues were quantified and related to adipocyte volume. Leptin mRNA levels were highly correlated with adipocyte volume within each fat depot. Multiple regression analysis of pooled data from the three depots showed that leptin mRNA levels were strongly correlated with adipocyte volumes (β = 0.84, P < 0.001) and, to a smaller degree, with glucocorticoid receptor mRNA levels (β = 0.36, P < 0.001). Depot of origin had no effect ( P > 0.9). Rates of leptin secretion in vitro were strongly correlated with leptin mRNA levels ( r = 0.89, P < 0.001). mRNA levels for TNF-α, insulin receptor, and glucocorticoid receptor showed no significant correlation with adipocyte volume. These results demonstrate that depot-specific differences in leptin gene expression are mainly related to the volumes of the constituent adipocytes. The strong correlation between leptin gene expression and adipocyte volume supports leptin's physiological role as a humoral signal of fat mass.

scholarly journals Children whose diet contained olive oil had a lower likelihood of increasing their body mass index Z-score over 1 year

2011 ◽  
Vol 165 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
J J Haro-Mora ◽  
E García-Escobar ◽  
N Porras ◽  
D Alcázar ◽  
J Gaztambide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Adipocyte Volume ◽  
Initial Score ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

ObjectiveChanges in eating habits may be influential in the ever-increasing rate of childhood obesity. Our aim was to determine whether those children who consume olive oil have a lower risk of weight gain compared with children who consume other oils.Design and methodsThe study included 18 girls and 74 boys, all aged 13–166 months. A survey was completed for each subject about eating habits and physical activity. A sample of subcutaneous adipose tissue was also obtained for cellular study. Data were recorded on the mean size of the adipocytes, the number of preadipocytes, and the concentration of particular fatty acids. The weight and height of the children were measured 13 months later.ResultsThe likelihood that after 1 year the children would have increased their body mass index (BMI)Z-score above the initial score was less in the children who consumed only olive oil (odds ratio (OR)=0.22; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.08–0.63;P=0.005). These results remained after adjusting for age, physical activity and BMI (OR=0.19; 95% CI: 0.06–0.61;P=0.005) and after adjusting for age, physical activity and adipocyte volume (OR=0.15; 95% CI: 0.04–0.52;P=0.003).ConclusionsDiets with mono unsaturated fatty acid (MUFA)-rich olive oil could reduce the risk of obesity in childhood.

scholarly journals Maternal Weight and Sire Group, Not Caloric Intake, Influence Adipocyte Volume in Infant Female Baboons

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 534-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas S Lewis ◽  
Anthony M Coelho ◽  
Evelyn M Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Adipocyte Volume ◽  
Sire Group

The anatomy, chemical composition, and metabolism of adipose tissue in wild polar bears (Ursus maritimus)

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 326-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline M. Pond ◽  
Christine A. Mattacks ◽  
Richard H. Colby ◽  
Malcolm A. Ramsay
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Ursus Maritimus ◽  
Superficial Layer ◽  
The Body ◽  
Polar Bears ◽  
Adipocyte Volume

Adipose tissue was dissected completely from 14 polar bears (Ursus maritimus) killed in the southeastern Northwest Territories and northern Manitoba in November 1988. Mean adipocyte volume, collagen content, the activities of hexokinase and phosphofructokinase, and the fatty acid composition of the triacylglycerols were measured in samples of adipose tissue from several superficial, intra-abdominal, and inter-muscular depots homologous to those of other terrestrial mammals. The total adipocyte complement was calculated from the mass of each depot and its site-specific adipocyte volume. All the adipose depots found in other Carnivora and most other mammals are present in polar bears. The superficial layer of adipose tissue in polar bears arises from thickening and lateral expansion of depots that are discrete in most other mammals. All depots except the cardiac adipose tissue expand with increasing fatness, but the superficial depots expand faster than any of the internal depots, almost entirely by adipocyte proliferation. The gross anatomy of the superficial adipose tissue is determined mainly by the effect of body mass on the ratio of the surface area of the body to its volume. The superficial depots account for a greater proportion of the total adipose tissue in larger bears and in fatter specimens. The total adipocyte complement is about two to three times greater than that predicted from allometric equations relating adipocyte complement to body mass in non-arctic carnivores. The fatty acid composition of the triacylglycerols in the adipose tissue of polar bears is similar to that of the milk and the serum, but there were fewer long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids than in their principal prey, ringed seals. There was no clearcut biochemical evidence for the existence of a thermal gradient between the inner and outer sides of the superficial adipose tissue. We conclude that in spite of their arctic habitat, neither the gross distribution of adipose tissue of polar bears nor its biochemical properties are adapted to thermal insulation. The enlarged superficial layer of adipose tissue is primarily an adaptation to increased energy storage.

Effects of obesity on the relationship of leptin mRNA expression and adipocyte size in anatomically distinct fat depots in mice

2004 ◽  
Vol 287 (1) ◽  
pp. R112-R119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai-Ying Guo ◽  
Patricia Halo ◽  
Rudolph L. Leibel ◽  
Yiying Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Fat Mass ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Adipocyte Volume ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Young Mice

In support of leptin's physiological role as humoral signal of fat mass, we have shown that adipocyte volume is a predominant determinant of leptin mRNA levels in anatomically distinct fat depots in lean young mice in the postabsorptive state. In this report, we investigated how obesity may affect the relationship between leptin mRNA levels and adipocyte volume in anatomically distinct fat depots in mice with genetic ( Lep ob/ Lep ob and A y /+), diet-induced, and aging-related obesity. In all of the obese mice examined, tissue leptin mRNA levels relative to the average adipocyte volume were lower in the perigonadal and/or retroperitoneal than in the inguinal fat depots and were lower than those of the lean young mice in the perigonadal fat depot. A close, positive correlation between leptin mRNA level and adipocyte volume was present from small to hypertrophic adipocytes within each perigonadal and inguinal fat pad in the obese mice, but the slopes of the regression lines relating leptin mRNA level to adipocyte volume were significantly lower in the perigonadal than in the inguinal fat pads of the same mice. These results suggest that obesity per se is associated with a decreased leptin gene expression per unit of fat mass in mice and that the positive correlation between leptin mRNA level and adipocyte volume is an intrinsic property of adipocytes that is not disrupted by adipocyte hypertrophy in obese mice.

Effect of physical training on glucose transporter protein and mRNA levels in rat adipocytes

1993 ◽  
Vol 265 (1) ◽  
pp. E128-E134 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Stallknecht ◽  
P. H. Andersen ◽  
J. Vinten ◽  
L. L. Bendtsen ◽  
J. Sibbersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Transport ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Glucose Transporters ◽  
Intrinsic Activity ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Glut 1 ◽  
Transporter Protein ◽  
Glut 4 ◽  
Adipocyte Volume

Physical training increases insulin-stimulated glucose transport and the number of glucose transporters in adipocytes measured by cytochalasin B binding. In the present study we used immunoblotting to measure the abundance of two glucose transporters (GLUT-4, GLUT-1) in white adipocytes from trained rats. Furthermore, the abundance of the mRNAs for these proteins and glucose transport was measured. Rats were swim-trained for 10 wk, and adipocytes were isolated from epididymal fat pads. The amount of GLUT-4/adipocyte volume unit was significantly higher in trained animals compared with both age- and cell size-matched animals. The amount of GLUT-4 mRNA was also increased by training and it decreased with increasing age. Furthermore, young age as well as training was accompanied by relatively low GLUT-4 protein/mRNA and relatively high overall GLUT-4 efficiency (recruitability and/or intrinsic activity). GLUT-1 protein and mRNA levels/adipocyte volume did not change with age or training.

scholarly journals Regional variations in the relationship between arterial stiffness and adipocyte volume or number in obese subjects

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Arner ◽  
J Bäckdahl ◽  
P Hemmingsson ◽  
P Stenvinkel ◽  
D Eriksson-Hogling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Regional Variations ◽  
Adipocyte Volume ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
The Relationship
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