Stable expression of Rice dwarf virus Pns10 suppresses the post-transcriptional gene silencing in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Zhou ◽  
B. Ren ◽  
X. Zhang ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
C. Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Nicotiana Benthamiana ◽  
Stable Expression ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Rice Dwarf Virus ◽  
Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing

scholarly journals Virus-Induced Gene Silencing in Transgenic Plants Expressing the Minor Capsid Protein of Beet western yellows virus

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 799-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Brault ◽  
S. Pfeffer ◽  
M. Erdinger ◽  
J. Mutterer ◽  
V. Ziegler-Graff
Keyword(s):  
Coat Protein ◽  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Nicotiana Benthamiana ◽  
Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Virus Induced Gene Silencing ◽  
Minor Capsid Protein ◽  
Beet Western Yellows Virus ◽  
Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Minor Coat Protein

Transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana expressing the minor coat protein P74 of the phloem-limited Beet western yellows virus (BWYV) exhibited an unusual spatial pattern of post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) when infected with BWYV or related viruses. Following infection, transgenic P74 and its mRNA accumulated to only low levels, 21 to 23 nucleotide RNAs homologous to the transgene appeared, and the transgene DNA underwent methylation. The infecting viral RNA, however, was not subject to significant silencing but multiplied readily and produced P74 in the phloem tissues, although the P74 encoded by the transgene disappeared from the phloem as well as the nonvascular tissues.

Post-transcriptional gene silencing and virus resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana expressing a Grapevine virus A minireplicon

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Brumin ◽  
Svetlana Stukalov ◽  
Sabrina Haviv ◽  
Mookkan Muruganantham ◽  
Yoni Moskovitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Virus Resistance ◽  
Nicotiana Benthamiana ◽  
Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Grapevine Virus ◽  
Grapevine Virus A ◽  
Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing

scholarly journals Two suppressors of RNA silencing encoded by cereal-infecting members of the family Luteoviridae

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (8) ◽  
pp. 1825-1830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
Hao Zhai ◽  
Kun Zhao ◽  
Beilei Wu ◽  
Xifeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Rna Silencing ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
The Family ◽  
Cultivated Plant ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

Several members of the family Luteoviridae are important pathogens of cultivated plant species of the family Gramineae. In this study, we explored RNA-silencing suppressors (RSSs) encoded by two cereal-infecting luteoviruses: barley yellow dwarf virus and wheat yellow dwarf virus (BYDV and WYDV, respectively). The P0 protein of WYDV-GPV (P0GPV) and the P6 protein of BYDV-GAV (P6GAV) displayed RSS activities when expressed in agro-infiltrated leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana, by their local ability to inhibit post-transcriptional gene silencing of GFP. Analysis of GFP, mRNA and GFP-specific small interfering RNA indicated that both P0GPV and P6GAV are suppressors of silencing that can restrain not only local but also systemic gene silencing. This is the first report of RSS activity of the P6 protein in a member of the genus Luteovirus.

scholarly journals Viroids as a Tool to Study RNA-Directed DNA Methylation in Plants

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1187
Author(s):  
Michael Wassenegger ◽  
Athanasios Dalakouras
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Rna Interference ◽  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Rnai Machinery ◽  
Double Stranded Rna ◽  
Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Cumulative Amount

Viroids are plant pathogenic, circular, non-coding, single-stranded RNAs (ssRNAs). Members of the Pospiviroidae family replicate in the nucleus of plant cells through double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) intermediates, thus triggering the host’s RNA interference (RNAi) machinery. In plants, the two RNAi pillars are Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) and RNA-directed DNA Methylation (RdDM), and the latter has the potential to trigger Transcriptional Gene Silencing (TGS). Over the last three decades, the employment of viroid-based systems has immensely contributed to our understanding of both of these RNAi facets. In this review, we highlight the role of Pospiviroidae in the discovery of RdDM, expound the gradual elucidation through the years of the diverse array of RdDM’s mechanistic details and propose a revised RdDM model based on the cumulative amount of evidence from viroid and non-viroid systems.

scholarly journals Epigenetic Changes in Host Ribosomal DNA Promoter Induced by an Asymptomatic Plant Virus Infection

Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miryam Pérez-Cañamás ◽  
Elizabeth Hevia ◽  
Carmen Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Plant Virus ◽  
Dna Methyltransferase ◽  
Cytosine Methylation ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Methylation Pattern ◽  
Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
The Impact

DNA cytosine methylation is one of the main epigenetic mechanisms in higher eukaryotes and is considered to play a key role in transcriptional gene silencing. In plants, cytosine methylation can occur in all sequence contexts (CG, CHG, and CHH), and its levels are controlled by multiple pathways, including de novo methylation, maintenance methylation, and demethylation. Modulation of DNA methylation represents a potentially robust mechanism to adjust gene expression following exposure to different stresses. However, the potential involvement of epigenetics in plant-virus interactions has been scarcely explored, especially with regard to RNA viruses. Here, we studied the impact of a symptomless viral infection on the epigenetic status of the host genome. We focused our attention on the interaction between Nicotiana benthamiana and Pelargonium line pattern virus (PLPV, family Tombusviridae), and analyzed cytosine methylation in the repetitive genomic element corresponding to ribosomal DNA (rDNA). Through a combination of bisulfite sequencing and RT-qPCR, we obtained data showing that PLPV infection gives rise to a reduction in methylation at CG sites of the rDNA promoter. Such a reduction correlated with an increase and decrease, respectively, in the expression levels of some key demethylases and of MET1, the DNA methyltransferase responsible for the maintenance of CG methylation. Hypomethylation of rDNA promoter was associated with a five-fold augmentation of rRNA precursor levels. The PLPV protein p37, reported as a suppressor of post-transcriptional gene silencing, did not lead to the same effects when expressed alone and, thus, it is unlikely to act as suppressor of transcriptional gene silencing. Collectively, the results suggest that PLPV infection as a whole is able to modulate host transcriptional activity through changes in the cytosine methylation pattern arising from misregulation of methyltransferases/demethylases balance.

scholarly journals An atypical class of non-coding small RNAs produced in rice leaves upon bacterial infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganna Reshetnyak ◽  
Jonathan M. Jacobs ◽  
Florence Auguy ◽  
Coline Sciallano ◽  
Lisa Claude ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Small Rnas ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Kinase Domain ◽  
Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Small Interfering Rnas ◽  
Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Virulent Strains ◽  
Microbe Interactions

ABSTRACTNon-coding small RNAs (sRNA) act as mediators of gene silencing and regulate plant growth, development and stress responses. Early insights into plant sRNAs established a role in antiviral defense and they are now extensively studied across plant-microbe interactions. Here, sRNA sequencing discovered a class of sRNA in rice (Oryza sativa) specifically associated with foliar diseases caused by Xanthomonas oryzae bacteria. Xanthomonas-induced small RNAs (xisRNAs) loci were distinctively upregulated in response to diverse virulent strains at an early stage of infection producing a single duplex of 20-22nt sRNAs. xisRNAs production was dependent on the Type III secretion system, a major bacterial virulence factor for host colonization. xisRNA loci overlap with annotated transcripts sequences often encoding protein kinase domain proteins. A number of the corresponding rice cis-genes have documented functions in immune signaling and some xisRNA loci coincide with the coding sequence of a conserved kinase motif. xisRNAs exhibit features of small interfering RNAs and their biosynthesis depend on canonical components OsDCL1 and OsHEN1. xisRNA induction possibly mediates post-transcriptional gene silencing but they do not broadly suppress cis-genes expression on the basis of mRNA-seq data. Overall, our results identify a group of unusual sRNAs with a potential role in plant-microbe interactions.

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