Soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity following liquid hog manure application in a long-term field trial

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Lalande ◽  
B. Gagnon ◽  
R. R. Simard ◽  
D. Côté
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Microbial Biomass N ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Hog Manure

Liquid hog manure (LHM) addition to soils in corn silage (Zea mays L.) production may benefit microbial activity by providing C and other nutrients. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of a LHM application to that of inorganic fertilizers (IF) on the biological activity of a Le Bras silt loam soil (Humic Gleysol) under continuous corn production and LHM fertilization. Amounts of 0 to 120 m3 LHM ha−1 and 150 N–150 P2O5–150 K2O kg ha−1 were applied to silage corn. The 0- to 15-cm and 15- to 30-cm soil layers were sampled 28 d after the 18th yearly LHM application. The LHM inputs, particularly at 90 m3 ha−1, resulted in higher enzyme activities and microbial biomass C (MBC) than IF or the unamended control in the 0- to 15-cm soil layer. The 90 m3 LHM ha−1 also gave higher microbial biomass N (MBN) than IF in this soil layer. Application of LHM had no effect on the activities of the enzymes studied or on the MBC and MBN contents in the 15- to 30-cm layer. Ammonifier population was highest with 60 m3 LHM ha−1 in both soil layers. Nitrifier population was not affected by LHM in the top soil layer, but was linearly increased by LHM rates in the 15- to 30-cm layer. This study showed that LHM addition may enhance enzyme activities, microbial biomass and the N mineralizer population in the plow layer of a soil in a corn silage monoculture. Key words: Corn, pig slurry, microbial biomass, monoculture, soil enzyme

Short‐term effects of organic and inorganic fertilizer applications on soil microbial properties

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 202-207
Author(s):  
N. Ewusi‐Mensah ◽  
V. Logah ◽  
J. O. Fening
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Microbial Biomass N ◽  
Forest Zone ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Biomass N

This paper reports the short Ã¢â‚¬Â term effects of organic and inorganic fertilizerapplications on the culturable resident bacterial and fungal properties of aFerric Acrisol in the semi Ã¢â‚¬Âdeciduous forest zone of Ghana after three continuouscropping seasons. The treatments were two compost types (i.e. 1:1compost comprising 1 part made up of Chromolaena, Stylosanthes, maizestover mixture and 1 part of cattle manure, 2:1 compost comprising 2 partsof Chromolaena, Stylosanthes, maize stover mixture and 1 part of cattle manure),cowdung, 100% NPK and a control replicated three times in a randomizedcomplete block design. The results showed that total microbial load on alogarithmic scale ranged from 4.6 cfu/g in the control to 5.4 on cowdungtreated plots. Bacterial counts on 2:1 compost applied at 5 t/ha treatedplots recorded 5% more bacteria than the 1:1 compost applied at 5 t/ha.Fungal counts in the control and inorganic treated plots were higher than theorganically amended plots. The highest and lowest microbial biomass C contentswere recorded on cowdung and 1:1 compost at 5 t/ha treated plotsrespectively. Microbial biomass N content ranged from 1.4 Ã¢â‚¬Â 8.2 mg N kg‐1soil with a mean value of 6.2 mg N kg Ã¢â‚¬Â1 soil. Microbial biomass P contentranged from 3.6 Ã¢â‚¬Â 6.3 mg P kg‐1 soil with a mean value of 5 mg P kg‐1 soil.Microbial biomass carbon to organic carbon ratio varied from 18.37 to 85.63.

scholarly journals Soil microbial biomass under different tillage and levels of applied pig slurry

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 487-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elcio L. Balota ◽  
Oswaldo Machineski ◽  
Maria A. Matos
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Winter Crop ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Triticum Sativum

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the changes in microbial biomass C, N and P due to the application of pig slurry under different soil tillage systems. The experiment was established in a clayey Oxisol, Eutrophic Red Latossol in Palotina, PR. Different quantities of pig slurry (0, 30, 60 and 120 m3 ha-1 year-1) were applied to the soil prior to the summer and winter crop season under conventional tillage (CT) and no tillage (NT), in three replicates. The area was cultivated with soybean (Glycine max L.) or maize (Zea mays L.) in the summer and wheat (Triticum sativum Lam.) or oat (Avena sativa L.) in the winter. The soil samples were collected in March and October of 1998 and 1999 at depths of 0-5, 5-10 and 10-20 cm. The soil tillage and pig slurry application influenced the microbial biomass C, N and P. The microbial biomass and the microbial activity presented high sensibility to detect changes in the soil due to tillage and the application of pig slurry. The soil microbial biomass and Cmic/Corg relation increased as the quantity of applied pig slurry increased. The metabolic quotient under CT increased with depth while under NT it decreased. The soil microbial biomass was enriched in N and P under NT and as the quantity of applied pig slurry increased.

scholarly journals Seasonal dynamics of soil microbial biomass C and N of Keteleeria fortunei var. cyclolepis forests with different ages

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 2377-2384
Author(s):  
Yong Wang ◽  
Xiongsheng Liu ◽  
Fengfan Chen ◽  
Ronglin Huang ◽  
Xiaojun Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Young Forest

Abstract Soil microbial biomass is an important indicator to measure the dynamic changes of soil carbon pool. It is of great significance to understand the dynamics of soil microbial biomass in plantation for rational management and cultivation of plantation. In order to explore the temporal dynamics and influencing factors of soil microbial biomass of Keteleeria fortunei var. cyclolepis at different stand ages, the plantation of different ages (young forest, 5 years; middle-aged forest, 22 years; mature forest, 40 years) at the Guangxi Daguishan forest station of China were studied to examine the seasonal variation of their microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) by chloroform fumigation extraction method. It was found that among the forests of different age, MBC and MBN differed significantly in the 0–10 cm soil layer, and MBN differed significantly in the 10–20 cm soil layer, but there was no significant difference in MBC for the 10–20 cm soil layer or in either MBC or MBN for the 20–40 cm soil layer. With increasing maturity of the forest, MBC gradually decreased in the 0–10 cm soil layer and increased firstly and then decreased in the 10–20 cm and 20–40 cm soil layers, and MBN increased firstly and then decreased in all three soil layers. As the soil depth increased, both MBC and MBN gradually decreased for all three forests. The MBC and MBN basically had the same seasonal variation in all three soil layers of all three forests, i.e., high in the summer and low in the winter. Correlation analysis showed that MBC was significantly positively correlated with soil organic matter, total nitrogen, and soil moisture, whereas MBN was significantly positively correlated with soil total nitrogen. It showed that soil moisture content was the main factor determining the variation of soil microbial biomass by Redundancy analysis. The results showed that the soil properties changed continuously as the young forest grew into the middle-aged forest, which increased soil microbial biomass and enriched the soil nutrients. However, the soil microbial biomass declined as the middle-age forest continued to grow, and the soil nutrients were reduced in the mature forest.

scholarly journals Warming and Nitrogen Addition Change the Soil and Soil Microbial Biomass C:N:P Stoichiometry of a Meadow Steppe

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (15) ◽  
pp. 2705
Author(s):  
Gong ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Guo
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Nutrient Ratios ◽  
Microbial Biomass N ◽  
N Addition ◽  
Total N ◽  
C:N:P Stoichiometry ◽  
Soil Microbial

: Soil and soil microbial biomass (SMB) carbon: nitrogen: phosphorus (C:N:P) stoichiometry are important parameters to determine soil balance of nutrients and circulation of materials, but how soil and SMB C:N:P stoichiometry is affected by climate change remains unclear. Field experiments with warming and N addition had been implemented since April 2007. Infrared radiators were used to manipulate temperature, and aqueous ammonium nitrate (10 g m-2 yr-1) was added to simulate nitrogen deposition. We found that molar nutrient ratios in the soil averaged 60:11:1, warming and warming plus N addition reduced soil C:N by 14.1% and 20% (P < 0.01), and reduced soil C:P ratios by 14.5% and 14.8% (P < 0.01). N addition reduced soil C:N significantly by 17.6% (P < 0.001) (Figs. 2B, 2D). N addition and warming plus N addition increased soil N:P significantly by 24.6% and 7.7% (P < 0.01). The SMB C:N, C:P and N:P ratios increased significantly with warming, N addition and warming plus N addition. Warming and N addition increased the correlations between SOC and soil microbial biomass C (SMBC), soil total P and soil microbial biomass P (SMBP), warming increased the correlation between the soil total N and soil microbial biomass N (SMBN). After four years’ treatment, our results demonstrated that the combined effects of warming and N fertilization could change the C, N, P cycling by affecting soil and SMB C:N:P ratios significantly and differently. At the same time, our results suggested SMB might have weak homeostasis in Sonnen Grassland and warming and N addition would ease N-limitation but aggravate P-limitation in northeastern China. Furthermore, these results further the current demonstration of the relationships between the soil and SMB C:N:P stoichiometry in response to global change in temperate grassland ecosystems.

Factors influencing the availability of mineral nitrogen in clay soils of the brigalow (Acacia harpophylla) region of Central Queensland

1992 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1197
Author(s):  
PR Grace ◽  
IC MacRae ◽  
RJK Myers
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Microbial Biomass N ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Available N ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Biomass N ◽  
Chloris Gayana ◽  
Highly Correlated

Microbiological and chemical assays were performed on clay soils from woodland (Acacia harpophylla-Casuarina cristata), grassland (Panicurn maximum var trichoglume-Chloris gayana) and cropland (Vigna mungo) in the brigalow region of Central Queensland. Over a 15 month period, the microbial biomass C in the top 3.5 cm of native brigalow woodland soil was on average 3630 8g C g-l, 50% more than an associated perennial pasture and over 400% more than an annually cropped soil. Microbial biomass N (575 8g N g-l) in woodland soil was on average 41% and 270% higher than in pasture and cropped soils respectively and highly correlated with seasonal soil moisture content. Viable counts of bacteria were consistently lower (average 69.2%) in the 0-3.5 cm and 3.5-7.5 cm strata of woodland soil compared with pasture and annual crop sites. Soil NO-3- N levels increased two fold in the upper 3.5 cm of the woodland site during low rainfall periods. This increase may be attributed to a more efficient distribution of mineral N mediated by the increased presence of a fungal population in this community. Leaching may also play a significant role in the distribution of plant available N in the brigalow region as suggested by the inverse relationship N = 54.11-0.67 R (P<0.01), where N is soil NO-3-N (8g N g-l) and R is rainfall in the preceding 3 month period (mm month-1).

scholarly journals Evolution of Physico-Chemical Properties, Microbial Biomass and Microbial Activity of an Urban Soil after De-Sealing

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 596
Author(s):  
Giancarlo Renella
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Urban Soil ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Microbial Biomass N ◽  
Inorganic N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Physico Chemical

Recovery of soil fertility after de-sealing of urban soils is still poorly known. This work studied the time-related dynamics of soil physico-chemical and biochemical endpoints of urban soil in the city in Naples (Southern Italy), de-sealed for different time during construction works, that underwent colonization by volunteer plants. The results showed de-sealing decreased the soil bulk density and the soil pH value, increased the electrical conductivity (EC), total organic C (TOC) and extractable carbohydrates (TEC), total and inorganic N contents, soil basal respiration (SBR), soil microbial biomass C (MBC) and soil microbial biomass N (MBN), the substrate induced respiration (SIR) value, and enzyme activities involved in C, N, P and S mineralization. The TEC, total and inorganic N, SBR and microbial biochemical endpoints were higher in the de-sealed soils than those of an arable soil of the same area. The results show that de-sealed urban soils rapidly increase their physical, chemical and biological fertility even with no intervention, especially when they are colonized by volunteer plants.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Agricultural Farming Practices on Microbial Biomass and Enzyme Activities of Celery Growing Field Soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12862
Author(s):  
Lin Wang ◽  
Mandeep Kaur ◽  
Ping Zhang ◽  
Ji Li ◽  
Ming Xu
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Protease Activity ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Low Input ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soil Urease

Soil quality is directly affected by alterations in its microbiological, biological, biochemical, physical, and chemical aspects. The microbiological activities of soil can affect soil fertility and plant growth because it can speed up the cycling of nutrients, enzymes, and hormones that are needed by plants for proper growth and development. The use of different agricultural management practices can influence microbial biomass and enzyme activities by altering soil microclimate, soil microorganism habitat, and nutrient cycling. Based on this, the present work planned to evaluate the impact of conventional, low-input, and organic farming systems in a vegetable field growing celery on microbial biomass and different soil enzyme activities. The present study showed a comparison of the effect of different practices on biological soil quality indicators during two sampling times, i.e., one month after colonization and one month before harvesting. It was observed that the soil microbial biomass in the organic farming system was significantly higher than that found in conventional and low-input practices. Under an organic farming system, the soil microbial biomass in December was significantly higher than that in October. The soil microbial biomass carbon in the 0–20 cm soil layer showed higher variation compared to that in the 20–40 cm layer for all the three of the farming management practices that were used in the study. Additionally, the soil total carbon and total organic carbon were recorded as being higher in the December samples than they were in the October samples. Under all the three of the management practices that were applied, the soil catalase activity was higher in the October samples than it was in the December soil samples that were collected the from 20–40 cm soil layer compared to those that were taken from the 0–20 cm layer. The application of organic fertilizer (chicken and cowmanure compost) resulted inincreases in the soil urease and in the protease activity. The protease activity of the soil samples that were extracted from the 0–20 cm and 20–40 cm soil layers in October was higher in the samples that were taken from farms using conventional practices than it was in the samples that were taken from farms using organic and low-input practices, while the samples that were collected during December from both of the soil layers showed higher protease activity when organic methods had been used. No significant variation in the soil urease activity was observed between the two soil layer samples. Urease activity was the highest when organic management practices were being used, followed by the low-input and the conventional modes. For the conventional and low-input practices, the soil urease activity showed an obvious trend of change that was related to thetime of sampling, i.e., activity in December was significantly higher than activity in October. The novelty of this study was to determine the microbial biomass carbon and enzymatic activity in a six-field crop rotation (tomato, cucumber, celery, fennel, cauliflower, and eggplant) using three management practices: low-input, conventional, and organic systems. The present study showed that the long-term application of organic fertilizers plays a large role in maintaining excellent microbial and enzyme activitythat result in improved soil quality.

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