Effects of soil redistribution on soil properties in a cultivated Solonetzic-Chernozemic landscape of southwestern Saskatchewan

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 593-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Pennock ◽  
B. L. McCann ◽  
E. de Jong ◽  
D. S. Lemmen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Soil Features ◽  
Cesium 137 ◽  
Organic Carbon Storage ◽  
Plough Layer ◽  
Soil Distribution

Although approximately 1.3 million ha of mixed Solonetzic – Chernozemic landscapes are cultivated in Saskatchewan, little information is available on the effects that agriculture has had on the quality of these soils. At our research site in southwestern Saskatchewan a clear landscape-scale pattern of soil distribution occurred. Regosolic and thin Chernozemic soils were associated with the long, gentle (2–5%) slopes and Solonetzic-influenced soils were associated with higher catchment area footslope and depressional positions. High rates of soil loss occurred throughout the landscape – overall a net soil loss of 31 Mg ha yr−1 was calculated using 137Cs redistribution techniques. No net depositional sites were observed in the 45 sampling points in the landscape, suggesting that the site was dominated by wind erosion. The high rates of loss were consistent with very low levels of soil organic carbon storage (37 to 46 Mg ha−1 to 45 cm) at all slope positions in the landscape and with the occurrence of sub-soil features in the plough layer. The Solonetzic-influenced soils occupy 38% of the site and have high sodium adsorption ratios (from 18 to 38 in the B horizon) and high soil resistance values as determined with a penetrometer. For the Solonetz and Solodized Solonetz soils these growth-limiting properties occur immediately below the 10-cm plough layer and may constitute a largely irreversible decrease in their productive capacity. Key words: Cesium-137, soil erosion, soil quality, landscape-scale, organic carbon

Landscape-scale variability in soil organic carbon storage in the central Canadian Arctic

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Brett Campeau ◽  
Peter M. Lafleur ◽  
Elyn R. Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon Storage ◽  
Landscape Unit ◽  
Organic Carbon Storage ◽  
Up Scaling

Campeau, A. B., Lafleur, P. M. and Humphreys, E. R. 2014. Landscape-scale variability in soil organic carbon storage in the central Canadian Arctic. Can. J. Soil Sci. 94: 477–488. Arctic soils constitute a vast, but poorly quantified, pool of soil organic carbon (SOC). The uncertainty associated with pan-Arctic SOC storage estimates – a result of limited SOC and land cover data – needs to be reduced if we are to better predict the impact of future changes to Arctic carbon stocks resulting from climate warming. In this study landscape-scale variability in SOC at a Southern Arctic Ecozone site in the central Canadian Arctic was investigated with the ultimate goal of up-scaling SOC estimates with a land cover classification system. Total SOC was estimated to depths of 30 cm and 50 cm for 76 soil pits, together representing eight different vegetation communities in seven different broad landscape units. Soil organic carbon to 50 cm was lowest for the xerophytic herb community in the esker complex landscape unit (7.2±2.2 SD kg m−2) and highest in the birch hummock terrain in the lowland tundra landscape unit (36.4±2.8 kg m−2), followed by wet sedge and dry sedge communities in the wetland complex (29.8±9.9 and 22.0±2.0 kg m−2, respectively). The up-scaled estimates of mean SOC for the study area (excluding water) were 15.8 kg m−2 (to 50 cm) and 11.6 kg m−2 (to 30 cm). On a landscape scale, soil moisture content was found to have an important influence on SOC variability. Overall, this study highlights the importance of SOC variability at fine scales and its impact on up-scaling SOC in Arctic landscapes.

Effect of agriculture and of clear-cut forest harvest on landscape-scale soil organic carbon storage in Saskatchewan

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Pennock ◽  
C. van Kessel
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Glacial Till ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Soil Zone ◽  
Organic Carbon Storage

The development of sound management approaches to reduce soil organic carbon (SOC) losses presupposes that we thoroughly understand the sources of these losses. We used a landscape-scale research design to estimate human-induced SOC losses by comparing SOC storage in undisturbed landscapes with comparable landscapes disturbed by clear-cutting of forests in the Mixedwood/Gray Luvisolic zone of central Saskatchewan and by agricultural activity in the Black soil zone. A 14.0% decrease in soil organic carbon storage in the upper 45 cm of the soil (from 57.1 Mg ha−1 in mature Mixedwood sites to 49.1 Mg ha−1 in clear-cut landscapes) occurred due to clear cutting at the research sites in the Mixedwood forest. The dominant soil type at these sites, Gray Luvisolic soils developed in glacial till, experienced a 11% loss in SOC storage; higher losses (36% loss) occurred from sandy Brunisolic inclusions in the sites. Changes in SOC storage at the research sites in the Black soil zone landscapes varied with texture and parent material: sandy glacio-fluvial landscapes experienced slight gains of SOC (from 54.1 to 60.1 Mg ha−1); silt and clay glacio-lacustrine landscapes experienced a 15.3% decrease in SOC (from 145.2 to 122.9 Mg ha−1); and loamy glacial till landscapes underwent a major decrease in SOC storage (from 116.2 to 75.2 Mg ha−1) Our results indicate that attempts to increase SOC storage in Saskatchewan soils should concentrate on agricultural landscapes, especially those dominated by glacial till. Key words: Landscape, soil organic carbon, Chernozemic, Mollisol

Cesium-137-measured erosion rates for soils of five parent-material groups in southwestern Saskatchewan

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Pennock ◽  
E. de Jong ◽  
D. S. Lemmen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Glacial Till ◽  
Scale Analysis ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Cesium 137

Despite the wide-spread perception that the soils of southwestern Saskatchewan are particularly erosion prone, few observations have been made on soil loss in this area. We used 137Cs redistribution to examine rates of soil loss associated with five parent-material groups in this area. Five sites were sampled in each parent-material group: one uncultivated site and four cultivated sites. Ten samples were taken at each site from landscape positions that have been shown in previous studies to have the highest rates of soil loss. The highest rates (median soil loss of −30 t ha−1 yr−1) were associated with glacial till landscapes; medium (−21 t ha−1 yr−1) but highly variable rates of loss, with coarse sandy glaciofluvial–lacustrine landscapes; and lower and consistent losses of around −12 t ha−1 yr−1, with silty glaciolacustrine and aeolian landscapes and with fine sandy glaciofluvial–lacustrine landscapes. The observed rates of loss can be used to calibrate models of geomorphic instability for this area. Key words: Soil erosion, soil quality, landscape-scale analysis, soil organic matter

scholarly journals A Two-Stage Approach to the Estimation of High-Resolution Soil Organic Carbon Storage with Good Extension Capability

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 517
Author(s):  
Sunwei Wei ◽  
Zhengyong Zhao ◽  
Qi Yang ◽  
Xiaogang Ding
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Estimation Accuracy ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Organic Carbon Storage

Soil organic carbon storage (SOCS) estimation is a crucial branch of the atmospheric–vegetation–soil carbon cycle study under the background of global climate change. SOCS research has increased worldwide. The objective of this study is to develop a two-stage approach with good extension capability to estimate SOCS. In the first stage, an artificial neural network (ANN) model is adopted to estimate SOCS based on 255 soil samples with five soil layers (20 cm increments to 100 cm) in Luoding, Guangdong Province, China. This method is compared with three common methods: The soil type method (STM), ordinary kriging (OK), and radial basis function (RBF) interpolation. In the second stage, a linear model is introduced to capture the regional differences and further improve the estimation accuracy of the Luoding-based ANN model when extending it to Xinxing, Guangdong Province. This is done after assessing the generalizability of the above four methods with 120 soil samples from Xinxing. The results for the first stage show that the ANN model has much better estimation accuracy than STM, OK, and RBF, with the average root mean square error (RMSE) of the five soil layers decreasing by 0.62–0.90 kg·m−2, R2 increasing from 0.54 to 0.65, and the mean absolute error decreasing from 0.32 to 0.42. Moreover, the spatial distribution maps produced by the ANN model are more accurate than those of other methods for describing the overall and local SOCS in detail. The results of the second stage indicate that STM, OK, and RBF have poor generalizability (R2 < 0.1), and the R2 value obtained with ANN method is also 43–56% lower for the five soil layers compared with the estimation accuracy achieved in Luoding. However, the R2 of the linear models built with the 20% soil samples from Xinxing are 0.23–0.29 higher for the five soil layers. Thus, the ANN model is an effective method for accurately estimating SOCS on a regional scale with a small number of field samples. The linear model could easily extend the ANN model to outside areas where the ANN model was originally developed with a better level of accuracy.

Estimating organic carbon storage in temperate wetland profiles in Northeast China

Geoderma ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 146 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 311-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Ju Zhang ◽  
He-Ai Xiao ◽  
Cheng-Li Tong ◽  
Yi-Rong Su ◽  
Wan-sheng Xiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Temperate Wetland ◽  
Organic Carbon Storage

Estimations of soil organic carbon storage in cropland of China based on DNDC model

Geoderma ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 134 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 200-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huajun Tang ◽  
Jianjun Qiu ◽  
Eric Van Ranst ◽  
Changsheng Li
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Dndc Model ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon Storage ◽  
Organic Carbon Storage

Estimating soil organic carbon storage and distribution in a catchment of Loess Plateau, China

Geoderma ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 154 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 261-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengpeng Han ◽  
Wei Hu ◽  
Jiyong Zheng ◽  
Feng Du ◽  
Xingchang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon Storage ◽  
Organic Carbon Storage
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