Effect of straw management and nitrogen fertilizer on selected soil properties as potential soil quality indicators of an irrigated Dark Brown Chernozemic soil

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Dormaar ◽  
J. M. Carefoot
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Fertility Level ◽  
Soil Quality Indicators ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Straw Management

Cereals grown under irrigation in the Canadian prairies produce large amounts of residues. An experiment initiated at the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Research Centre, Lethbridge, Alberta, in the fall of 1986, to investigate five straw management treatments (1, chopped straw/fall tillage [straw incorporated]; 2, chopped straw/spring tillage [straw incorporated]; 3, straw baled/fall tillage; 4, straw baled/spring tillage; 5, straw baled/direct seeding) and three fertilizer N rates (0, 100, and 200 kg N ha−1) on crop yields under irrigation, was sampled in April 1995 to examine the effect of straw management and fertilizer additions on selected soil chemical characteristics as potential soil quality indicators. If yield is not used, can we evaluate soil quality from a soil genesis baseline or is it crop growth driven? Differences among straw management and fertility treatments have already supplied information on the effects of these treatments after 8 yr. The treatment in which the straw was baled and the land not tilled had the highest soil bulk density. Total soil organic C and N were highest for the straw baled/no tillage treatment and the 200 kg N ha−1 application. Total C was higher for the fall than spring tillage treatments, while total N was lower for the spring than for the fall tillage treatments when straw was incorporated. Light fraction (mg kg−1 C) was highest for the chopped straw and zero fertilizer additions. For several biologically related characteristics, e.g., mineralizable N, biomass C, biological index N, and hydrolysable N, there were significant interactions between straw management treatments and fertility levels. Monosaccharides at the zero fertility level were generally of microbial origin, while plant-origin monosaccharides were more prevalent as the fertility level increased. It is concluded that the present use does not lead to soil erosion, does not pollute groundwater, and does grow plants; with the help of outside resources, any one straw management treatment can be considered as valid in the anthropocentric sense of soil quality. Since the interpretation of significant effects of treatment on soil properties must be carefully considered depending on the crop selected, the concept of soil quality is thus open to question and debate. Key words: Soil quality, straw management, intrinsic value, tillage, labile organic matter

scholarly journals ANALISIS KUALITAS TANAH PADA LAHAN TEGALAN BERPASIR DI DAS MIKRO SUPITURUNG, KABUPATEN KEDIRI, JAWA TIMUR

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 527-537
Author(s):  
Mochamad Fikri Kurniawan ◽  
Mochtar Lutfi Rayes ◽  
Christanti Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Soil Quality Indicators ◽  
Soil Quality Index ◽  
N Content ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C

Soil quality is the ability of soil that plays a role in maintaining plant productivity, preserving and maintaining water availability and supporting human activities. Soil quality assessment is measured based on indicators that describe important soil processes based on the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil. The level of soil quality in a plot of land is assessed based on the soil quality index. This research was conducted from August to December 2020 in the Supiturung Micro Watershed, Kediri Regency, East Java using a graphical survey method based on the Land Map Unit. Soil samples were taken at a depth of 0-20 cm at each observation point (20 points) for analysis in the laboratory. Soil quality indicators are determined based on key soil properties with the Minimum Data Set (MDS) method, with soil quality indicators from soil physical properties including texture, bulk density, porosity and soil chemical properties including pH, available-P, exchangeable-K, total-N, organic-C. Soil quality index was calculated by weighting soil quality indicators with criteria which divided into 5 classes, i.e. (i) very low class (0.00-0.19), (ii) low (0.20-0.39), (iii) moderate (0.40-0.59), (iv) good (0.60-0.79) and (v) very good (0.80-1.00). The results showed that the soil in land unit 2 had different limiting factor values on the percentage of sand and dust from the soil texture, the total-N content of the soil and the organic-C content of the soil which caused differences in soil quality. There are two indicators of soil quality, namely the percentage of dust from the soil texture and the total N content of the soil which has the most influence on the soil quality index.

scholarly journals Physical soil quality indicators for monitoring British soils

Solid Earth ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1003-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron Corstanje ◽  
Theresa G. Mercer ◽  
Jane R. Rickson ◽  
Lynda K. Deeks ◽  
Paul Newell-Price ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Soil Quality Indicators ◽  
Soil Monitoring ◽  
Soil Water Retention

Abstract. Soil condition or quality determines its ability to deliver a range of functions that support ecosystem services, human health and wellbeing. The increasing policy imperative to implement successful soil monitoring programmes has resulted in the demand for reliable soil quality indicators (SQIs) for physical, biological and chemical soil properties. The selection of these indicators needs to ensure that they are sensitive and responsive to pressure and change, e.g. they change across space and time in relation to natural perturbations and land management practices. Using a logical sieve approach based on key policy-related soil functions, this research assessed whether physical soil properties can be used to indicate the quality of British soils in terms of their capacity to deliver ecosystem goods and services. The resultant prioritised list of physical SQIs was tested for robustness, spatial and temporal variability, and expected rate of change using statistical analysis and modelling. Seven SQIs were prioritised: soil packing density, soil water retention characteristics, aggregate stability, rate of soil erosion, depth of soil, soil structure (assessed by visual soil evaluation) and soil sealing. These all have direct relevance to current and likely future soil and environmental policy and are appropriate for implementation in soil monitoring programmes.

scholarly journals Response of Potential Indicators of Soil Quality to Land-Use and Land-Cover Change under a Mediterranean Climate in the Region of Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar, Libya

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Jamal Suliman Alawamy ◽  
Siva K. Balasundram ◽  
Ahmad Husni Mohd. Hanif ◽  
Christopher Teh Boon Sung
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Rainfed Agriculture ◽  
Soil Quality Indicators ◽  
Al Jabal Al Akhdar ◽  
Effects Of Land Use

Conversion of native lands into agricultural use, coupled with poor land management practices, generally leads to changes in soil properties. Understanding the undesirable effects of land-use and land-cover (LULC) changes on soil properties is essential when planning for sustainable land management. This study was conducted in Al Jabal Al Akhdar region, Libya, to assess the effects of land-use and land-cover changes on soil quality inferred by analyzing the relative changes in 17 chemical, physical, and biological soil properties in the upper layer (0–20 cm) of disturbed and undisturbed soil systems. Soil samples were collected from 180 sampling sites with 60 from each of the three types of LULC prevalent in the study area: natural Mediterranean forests (NMF), rainfed agriculture (RA), and irrigated crops (IC). The soil properties of the two agricultural land uses were compared with soil properties under an adjacent natural forest, which served as a control to assess changes in soil quality resulting from the cultivation of deforested land. The results indicate significant reductions in most soil quality indicators under rainfed agriculture as compared to native forest land. Under irrigated agriculture, there were significant changes (p ≤ 0.05) in most of the soil quality indicators, generally, indicating a significant reduction in soil quality, except for improvement of nitrogen and phosphorus levels due to frequent fertilizer application. Our data support the notion that changes in land use and land cover, in the absence of sustainable management measures, induce deterioration of soil properties and ultimately may lead to land degradation and productivity decline.

scholarly journals Physical soil quality indicators for monitoring British soils

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron Corstanje ◽  
Theresa Mercer ◽  
Jane R. Rickson ◽  
Lynda K. Deeks ◽  
Paul Newell-Price ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Soil Quality Indicators ◽  
Soil Monitoring ◽  
Soil Water Retention

Abstract. The condition or quality of soils determines its ability to deliver a range of functions that support ecosystem services, human health and wellbeing. The increasing policy imperative to implement successful soil monitoring programmes has resulted in the demand for reliable soil quality indicators (SQIs) for physical, biological and chemical soil properties. The selection of these indicators needs to ensure that they are sensitive and responsive to pressure and change e.g. they change across space and time in relation to natural perturbations and land management practices. Using a logical sieve approach based on key policy-related soil functions, this research assessed whether physical soil properties can be used to indicate the quality of British soils in terms of its capacity to deliver ecosystem goods and services. The resultant prioritised list of physical SQIs were tested for robustness, spatial and temporal variability and expected rate of change using statistical analysis and modelling. Six SQIs were prioritised; packing density, soil water retention characteristics, aggregate stability, rate of erosion, depth of soil and soil sealing. These all have direct relevance to current and likely future soil and environmental policy and are appropriate for implementation in soil monitoring programs.

scholarly journals The use of multivariate statistical analysis and soil quality indices as tools to be included in regional management plans. A case study from the Mashhad Plain, Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 687 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Rodrigo-Comino ◽  
A. Keshavarzi ◽  
A. Bagherzadeh ◽  
E.C. Brevik
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Soil Quality Indicators ◽  
Soil Quality Index

Several methods have been used to model reality and explain soil pedogenesis and evolution. However, there is a lack of information about which soil properties truly condition soil quality indicators and indices particularly at the pedon scale and at different soil depths to be used in land management planning. Thus, the main goals of this research were: i) to assess differences in soil properties (particle size, saturation point, bulk density, soil organic carbon, pH and electrical conductivity) at different soil depths (0-30 and 30-60 cm); ii) to check their statistical correlation with soil quality indicators (CEC, total N, Olsen-P, available K, exchangeable Na, calcium carbonate equivalent, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu); and, iii) to elaborate a soil quality index and maps for each soil layer. To achieve this, forty-eight soil samples were analysed in the laboratory and subjected to statistical analyses by ANOVA, Spearman Rank coefficients and Principal Component Analyses. Finally, a soil quality index was developed based on indicators of sensitivity. The study was conducted in a semiarid catchment in northeast Iran with irrigated farming and well-documented land degradation issues. We found that: i) organic carbon and bulk density were not similar in the topsoil and subsoil; ii) calcium carbonate and sand content conditioned organic carbon content and bulk density; iii) organic carbon showed the highest correlations with soil quality indicators; iv) particle size conditioned cation-exchange capacity; and, v) heavy metals such as Mn and Cu were highly correlated with organic carbon due to non-suitable agricultural practices. Based on the communality analysis to map of soil quality, CEC, Mn, Zn, and Cu had the highest weights (≥0.11) at both depths, coinciding with the same level of relevance in the multivariate analysis. Exchangeable Na, CaCO3, and Fe had the lowest weights (≤0.1) and N, P, and K had intermediate weights (0.1- 0.11). In general, the map of the soil quality index shows a lower soil quality in the subsoil increment than in the topsoil.

scholarly journals Influence of Agricultural Management Practices on the Soil Properties and Mineral Composition of Potato Tubers with Different Colored Flesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 9103
Author(s):  
Nijolė Vaitkevičienė ◽  
Elvyra Jarienė ◽  
Jurgita Kulaitienė ◽  
Honorata Danillčenko ◽  
Judita Černiauskienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Conventional Farming ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Soil Quality Indicators

The objective of the work was to investigate and estimate the effects of conventional, organic, and biodynamic farming systems on biological and agrochemical soil properties and mineral composition of potato tubers with different colored flesh. This study compared the same biological and agrochemical soil quality indicators on samples collected at three sampling times: before potato planting, the middle of the potato season, and before harvesting. In addition, macro- and microelement contents were determined in the tubers. The results showed that the highest soil microbial biomass contents, dehydrogenase activity, and humus contents were found before potato planting in a conventional farming system. However, from potato planting until the end of the growing season, these soil biological indicators significantly decreased in the soil of conventional farming, but significant increases were recorded in organic and biodynamic treatments. The highest contents of all tested nitrogen forms, phosphorus and potassium, were found in the middle of the potato growing season in a conventional farming system. Before harvesting, significant decreases in all studied agrochemical soil quality indicators were observed in all farming systems. The organic and biodynamic potatoes contained significantly more K, P, and Ca than conventional potatoes. In addition, organic samples had significantly higher contents of Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, and B in comparison to the biodynamic and conventional ones. The cultivar effect on the content of selected minerals in the samples was also observed. Red Emmalie contained more K, N, and B. Salad Blue had the highest contents of Fe, Mn, and Zn in comparison to other studied cultivars.

Impact of land use changes on soil quality and species diversity in the Vindhyan dry tropical region of India

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
Rajani Srivastava ◽  
Monalisha Mohapatra ◽  
Ashish Latare
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Soil Quality Indicators ◽  
Total N ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractConversion of forest land into different land use types is the primary cause of degradation of land resources, which in turn alters nutrient and carbon cycles, land productivity and diversity of species. There is scarcity of information about land-use changes (LUC) and their effect on relationship of soil quality and species diversity at landscape level in the Vindhyan dry tropical region. We evaluated the impact of land-use changes on soil physicochemical quality and the influence of these qualities on species diversity and organic matter accumulation. We also established the relationship between soil quality indicators and species diversity parameters. To examine impact of LUC, we did a detailed field survey and analysed selected soil quality indicators by standard methods. We examined species diversity parameters and established the relationship between soil quality and species diversity. We found that there is a marked decline in soil porosity, water-holding capacity and soil moisture due to LUC. Conversion from forest land (FL) to savanna land (SL) resulted in soil organic carbon decreasing by ∼40–50%. The decrease was more pronounced in cultivated land (CL) and degraded land (DL) (65–70% and 83–85%, respectively). In the case of total N, maximum decrease in total N of 83–87% was noted in DL as compared with FL. The poor soil quality indicators in degraded and agricultural land can be explained by the interaction between the soil organic carbon and nitrogen loss with diversity loss. This study recommends that for management/restoration of land resources, planning strategies should consider the current landscape structure, with land-use planning.

Cropping systems: Effects on soil quality indicators and yield of pearl millet in an arid region

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 178-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Praveen-Kumar ◽  
R.K. Aggarwal ◽  
James F. Power
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Soil Quality Indicators ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Cluster Bean ◽  
Millet Yield

AbstractWhile crop rotations improve soil quality indicators and crop yields in humid temperate regions, much less information is available under harsher arid tropical and subtropical conditions. A field experiment conducted from 1990 to 1993 compared the effect of continuous pearl millet and pearl millet-fallow systems with six rotations of pearl millet that included one, two, or three years of a legume (cluster bean or mung bean). Data were collected on several soil quality indicators and pearl millet yield. Continuous pearl millet monoculture for three y ears did not affect soil organic C, NaHCO3-soluble P, DTPA extractable Fe, Cu, Mn, or Zn, or several soil organic N fractions, but slightly increased activity of dehydrogenase and acid and alkaline phosphatase enzymes. Similar trends were observed for fallow-based cropping systems, except that enzyme activities were lower. Cropping systems containing mung bean or cluster bean improved availability of soil N and other nutrients and increased enzyme activity. These effects increased with number of years of legume. Improvements from cluster bean generally were greater than from mung bean. The lowest pearl milkt yield was obtained with continuous pearl millet and no N, and yields f or fallow-based cropping systems were 13% greater than with continuous pearl millet. Grain yields of pearl millet with two or three years of mung bean in the cropping system were, respectively, 37 and 65% greater than for continuous pearl millet; with cluster bean the corresponding increases were 68 and 101%. Pearl millet yield increased with N applications up to 40 kg/ha under all cropping systems, and up to 60 kg/ha for some cluster bean-based systems. Yield of pearl millet following cluster bean was nearly double that of continuous pearl millet. These results indicate that in hot, dry climates cropping systems that include a legume, especially cluster bean, are more productive, use the limited water supply and fertilizer N more effectively, and improve several soil quality indicators more than do cropping systems without legumes.

scholarly journals Short-Term Effects of Changing Soil Management Practices on Soil Quality Indicators and Crop Yields in Greenhouses

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 582
Author(s):  
Jerónimo Salinas ◽  
David Meca ◽  
Fernando del Moral
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Soil Solution ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Soil Quality Indicators ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

The short-term responses of soil quality indicators are important for assessing the effects of new management practices and addressing threats to crop yields in greenhouses. The aim of this study was to assess, during three consecutive cropping seasons, the effect of a sustainable management package (CRTMP)—which includes the on-site reuse of greenhouse crop residues and tillage—in comparison with conventional management, based on fertigation only (CMP), on certain biochemical soil quality indicators and crop yields. CRTMP significantly increased (p < 0.05) the values of total organic carbon (TOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), light fraction (LF), water soluble organic carbon (WSOC), and dehydrogenase (DH) and β-glucosidase (GL) activities at a depth of 0–15 cm, as well as the mean concentration of nitrates in the soil solution. In addition, a significant Pearson’s correlation (p < 0.01) found between the indicators suggested a balanced improvement of soil biological activity and nutritional soil state. Nonetheless, the significant (p < 0.05) increases in the mean concentration of chlorides in the soil solution and electrical conductivity (p < 0.05) increased the risk of salinization, which may have affected the concentration of nitrates in the petiole sap and total production in CRTMP, which were significantly lower than in CMP. Nevertheless, the proportion of premium product was significantly higher in CRTMP, while the proportion of non-commercial production decreased.

scholarly journals Influences of Farming Practices on Soil Properties and the 2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline Content of Khao Dawk Mali 105 Rice Grains

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Kawiporn Chinachanta ◽  
Laetitia Herrmann ◽  
Didier Lesueur ◽  
Sakda Jongkaewwattana ◽  
Choochad Santasup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Soil Quality Indicators ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Crf System

Khao Dawk Mali 105 (KDML105) is a premium fragrant rice variety and is widely grown in Thung Kula Rong Hai (TKR), northeast Thailand. In the present study, the influence of organic and conventional rice farming (ORF and CRF, respectively) in TKR farmers’ paddy fields on soil properties and their relationship with 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) in KDML105 rice grains were investigated. The results indicated that the ORF system had a strong positive effect on major soil quality indicators and the 2AP content in the rice grains. The soil organic matter (SOM) was approximately twice as much in the ORF than in the CRF system, thus leading to much higher total nitrogen (TN), humic acid (HA), and microbial populations in the ORF system. The higher SOM in the ORF system not only enhanced the soil quality indicators but also contributed to approximately 3.5 times higher 2AP than in the CRF system. Principle component analysis indicated a close correlation among SOM, TN, HA, and microbial population under the ORF system; these variables exhibited strong correlations with the 2AP contents in KDML105 rice grains.

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