Modeling carbon sequestration with CO2Fix and a timber supply model for use in forest management planning

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 219-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. T. Neilson ◽  
D. A. MacLean ◽  
P. A. Arp ◽  
F. -R. Meng ◽  
C. P-A. Bourque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Goal Programming ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Timber Supply ◽  
Partial Harvesting ◽  
C Stocks

Carbon (C) dynamics and forest management have become integrated in recent years, largely due to the Kyoto Protocol stipulating that forest C changes may be accountable in an emissions framework. A C stock modeling framework for forest managers is introduced in this paper. Empirical growth and yield models are used to develop sustainable timber supply for forest companies. These models use linear programming to solve the complex mathematical problem of timing and allocation of forest harvest and silviculture interventions. In this paper, we evaluated the effects of “business as usual”forest management versus management objectives to maximize C sequestration. Goal programming was used to minimize the deviation of two goals for C forest management: maximizing C in the forest, and maximizing the return on investment (net present value of forest timber products). Species-specific wood-to-C content conversion factors were used to parameterize the amount of C in forest stands on Canadian Forces Base Gagetown forest lands in New Brunswick, Canada. Goal programming reduced the loss of revenue associated with increasing C stocks in the forest. Partial harvesting and high valued end-products tended to increase C stocks and provided a higher return on investment in the simulations. Key words: Carbon stock modeling framework, forest, goal programming, partial harvesting, timber supply

scholarly journals Variation in forest landowners’ management preferences reduces timber supply from Finnish forests

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tero Heinonen ◽  
Timo Pukkala ◽  
Antti Asikainen
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Discount Rate ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Timber Supply ◽  
Forest Owners ◽  
Forest Landowners ◽  
Rotation Forest ◽  
Round Wood ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Management Preferences

Abstract Key message Forest owners who maximize profitability with a low discount rate or whose management goals are related to conservation and recreation, rarely sell timber. These owners make it difficult to achieve the high harvesting targets of the growing bioeconomy sector of Finland. To increase timber supply, these landowners should be informed about alternative silvicultural methods. Context The round wood harvests from Finnish forests are increasing and approaching to the level of maximum sustainable cut. Cutting budget calculations assume that forests are harvested in an optimal way for national timber supply. The calculations ignore the variability of landowners’ forest management preferences. Aims This study analyzed the effect of variation in the management objectives and silvicultural preferences of forest landowners on the forecasted timber supply from Finnish forests. Methods Forest owners were divided into savers (net present value maximized with a 1% discount rate), average owners (3% discount rate), and investors (5% discount rate). The owners of each group were further divided into three groups: those who allow only continuous cover management (12%), owners who use only rotation forest management (10%), and indifferent landowners who may use both silvicultural systems (78%). Scenarios were composed of management prescriptions that were optimized separately for the different groups of forest landowners. Results Compared to the even-flow timber drain scenario for rotation forest management (calculated without acknowledging the varying preferences of landowners), the scenario where the owners’ preferences varied decreased harvested volume by 15–19% during a 100-year calculation period. The main reason for the difference was the saver type of landowners who rarely sell timber. Conclusion It was concluded that variation of the preferences of forest landowners may make it challenging to meet the increasing harvesting targets of the growing bioeconomy of Finland.

Forest carbon accounting at the operational scale

2002 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 672-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner A Kurz ◽  
Mike Apps ◽  
Ed Banfield ◽  
Graham Stinson
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Carbon Accounting ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
C Cycle ◽  
C Stocks ◽  
Forest C ◽  
Forest Managers

Canada’s forests play an important role in the global carbon (C) cycle. Forest management activities, implemented at the operational scale, can have a significant impact on the C budget of Canada’s forests. With the increasing national and international recognition that forest management activities can contribute to national C sources and sinks, forest managers could benefit from having a scientifically credible tool to assess the potential impacts of alternate management activities on the C stocks and stock changes on their land base. Such a tool must incorporate the best available science, be compliant with evolving international accounting rules and have enough flexibility to address the types of scenarios and management questions that are of interest to forest managers. To be cost effective and efficient for use by forest managers, the tool should make use of existing information on inventory, growth and yield, and disturbances that their analysts routinely use in their forest management planning activities. The readily available information must be augmented with additional data and modelling to estimate changes in those C pools that are not commonly included in forest inventories, such as carbon in the dead organic matter associated with litter, coarse woody debris and soil C. Building upon the past decade of work in the development and application of the C Budget Model of the Canadian Forest Sector (CBM-CFS2), the Canadian Forest Service C Accounting Team is now working with the Model Forest Network to develop, test and deliver an operational scale C accounting tool and its supporting databases with regional parameter values. When fully developed (2004), the operational model will be made available without charge to anyone interested in using it to estimate landscape level forest C stocks and C stock changes. Expertise developed within the extensive network of Model Forests and their partners in Canada will facilitate technology transfer and training of the larger user community. The tools and the technology transfer program will empower forest managers to include considerations of the impacts of the planned activities on forest C stocks. This will increase the potential use of forests and forest management activities in contributing towards a greenhouse gas emission reduction strategy. Key words: carbon cycle, carbon accounting, forest management, operational scale, land-use change, model forests, CBM-CFS2

scholarly journals Forest management decision-making using goal programming and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process approaches (case study: Hyrcanian forests of Iran)

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 368-379
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Soma Etemad ◽  
Soleiman Mohammadi Limaei ◽  
Leif Olsson ◽  
Rasoul Yousefpour
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Environmental Economic ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy Process ◽  
Goal Programming ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Stock Level ◽  
Hierarchy Process

The aim of this study is to determine the optimum stock level in the forest. In this research, a goal programming method was used to estimate the optimal stock level of different tree species considering environmental, economic and social issues. We consider multiple objectives in the process of decision-making to maximize carbon sequestration, net present value and labour. We used regression analysis to make a forest growth model and allometric functions for the quantification of carbon budget. Expected mean price is estimated using wood price and variable harvesting costs to determine the net present value of forest harvesting. The fuzzy analytic hierarchy process is applied to determine the weights of goals using questionnaires filled in by experts in order to generate the optimal stock level. According to the results of integrated goal programming approach and fuzzy analytic hierarchy processes, optimal volume for each species was calculated. The findings indicate that environmental, economic and social outcomes can be achieved in a multi-objective forestry program for the future forest management plans.

Analisis Kelayakan Finansial Usaha Ternak Ayam Kampung Super (Studi Kasus pada Peternakan Suparlan di Desa Jojog Kecamatan Pekalongan Kabupaten Lampung Timur)

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fikri Fathurahman Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Return On Investment ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Internal Rate Of Return ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Internal Rate

This study aims to analyze financially (net present value, revenue cost ratio, internal rate of return, break event point, return on investment and payback period) feasibility of kampung super chicken farming Mr. Suparlan in Jojog village, district Pekalongan, East Lampung regency. The data used in the form of quantitative and qualitative data sourced from the primary data and secondary data which is then analyzed descriptively. Based on the analysis, it is known that kampung super farm is financially feasible to cultivate. This is indicated by the positive value of net present value (NPV) of Rp 186,568,517, revenue ratio (RCR) 1.59, internal rate of return (IRR) of 135.82%, return on investment (ROI) of 43%, and the value of payback period (PP) of 0.50. Keywords: financial feasibility, kampung chicken, chicken farm

scholarly journals Land Use Spatial Optimization for Sustainable Wood Utilization at the Regional Level: A Case Study from Vietnam

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
Nguyen Dang Cuong ◽  
Köhl Michael ◽  
Mues Volker
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Forest Plantations ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
Forest Landscape ◽  
Timber Supply ◽  
Landscape Restoration ◽  
Forest Landscape Restoration ◽  
Wood Utilization

Forest landscape restoration is a widely accepted approach to sustainable forest management. In addition to revitalizing degraded sites, forest landscape restoration can increase the supply of sustainable timber and thereby reduce logging in natural forests. The current study presents a spatial land use optimization model and utilizes a linear programming algorithm that integrates timber production and timber processing chains to meet timber demand trade-offs and timber supply. The objective is to maximize yield and profit from forest plantations under volatile timber demands. The model was parameterized for a case study in Thai Nguyen Province, Vietnam, where most forest plantations grow Acacia mangium (A. mangium). Data were obtained from field surveys on tree growth, as well as from questionnaires to collect social-economic information and determine the timber demand of local wood processing mills. The integration of land use and wood utilization approaches reduces the amount of land needed to maintain a sustainable timber supply and simultaneously leads to higher yields and profits from forest plantations. This forest management solution combines economic and timber yield aspects and promotes measures focused on economic sustainability and land resource efficiency.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KEUANGAN TERHADAP KELAYAKAN INVESTASI LABORATORIUM ANGIOGRAFI RUMAH SAKIT BETHESDA YOGYAKARTA

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Cecilia Farrona Al Hadri ◽  
Ari Natalia Probandari ◽  
Rizaldi Taslim Pinzon
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Internal Rate Of Return ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Ability To Pay ◽  
Internal Rate

Latar Belakan: kematian akibat PTM (Penyakit Tidak Menular) diperkirakan akan terus meningkat di seluruh dunia, peningkatan terbesar akan terjadi di negara-negara berkembang. Mempertahankan konsumen dan berusaha mendapatkan konsumen baru merupakan strategi wajib yang harus di jalankan oleh rumah sakit. Keberadaan konsumen sangat penting bagi bisnis rumah sakit karena konsumen merupakan roda bisnis rumah sakit. Rumah Sakit Bethesda Yogyakarta, berencana untuk melakukan investasi laboratorium Angiografi untuk menunjang fasilitas kesehatan yang sudah ada. Sebelum melakukan investasi penting untuk mengetahui berapa besar unit cost dan tarif yang akan ditetapkan selain itu juga perlu diketahui kemauan membayar (Willingness to Pay) dan kemampuan membayar (Ability to Pay) pasien terhadap penggunaan layanan. Metode Penelitian: penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan studi kasus yang dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Bethesda Yogyakarta. Sebanyak 265 orang dipilih sebagai responden, yang diambil dari poliklinik saraf dan penyakit dalam. Data primer terdiri dari data kemauan dan kemampuan pasien untuk melakukan pelayanan laboratorium angiografi. Data sekunder di dapatkan dari rumah sakit, penelitian terdahulu dan lainnya. Analisis investasi dihitung menggunakan Net Present Value, Internal Ratr of Return, payback Period dan Return On Investment. Hasil: Perhitungan dengan menggunakan analisis Net Present Value menghasilkan nilai sebesar Rp.23.569.363.711,-. Jika dibandingkan dengan nilai modal, NPV bernilai positif sehingga investasi ini layak dilaksanakan. Analisis Internal Rate of Return menghasilkan nilai 29% yang berarti lebih besar dari faktor diskonto artinya dengan menggunakan analisis ini investasi juga layak dilakukan. Perhitungan menggunakan Payback Period diketahui masa balik modal investasi laboratorium angiografi adalah selama tiga tahun tujuh bulan dan Return On Invesment menunjukkan pelayanan laboratrium angiografi berkemampuan untuk menghasilkan laba sebesar 120%. Kesimpulan: hasil penelitian menunjukkan investasi laboratorium angiografi dari aspek keuangan layak dilakukan. Kemauan masyarakat untuk menggunakan layanan cukup tinggi namun dari segi kemampuan rata-rata masih rendah.

Assessing forest management strategies under a mountain pine beetle attack in Alberta: exploring the impacts

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 597-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Hélène Mathey ◽  
Harry Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Mountain Pine Beetle ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Timber Supply ◽  
Growing Stock ◽  
Management Objectives ◽  
Mountain Pine ◽  
Resource Managers ◽  
Recourse Approach ◽  
Pine Beetle

We explore how forest resource managers can respond to a potential outbreak of mountain pine beetle ( Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, 1902) by assessing how well different forest management strategies achieve various management objectives over time. Strategies include targeting at-risk stands as well as increasing harvest levels. Outcomes are evaluated on the basis of volume flows, net revenues, and the age class structure of the ending inventory. We use a spatially and temporally explicit model to simulate forest management outcomes and consider two different scenarios, one in which the attack occurs early and one where it is delayed. The model utilizes a planning with recourse approach in which the firm can reevaluate its harvesting schedule following the attack. We use company data from west-central Alberta for a 40-year planning exercise. The timing of the attack resulted in small differences in timber supply. However, most strategies performed better financially under an early attack, which limits the harvest of marginal stands. Increasing harvest levels performed better in economic terms but resulted in a very young growing stock with little old forest. The success of any strategy is linked to the timing of the attack and how it affects the growing stock, subsequently impacting timber and revenue flows.

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