Environmental Mehlich-III soil phosphorus saturation indices for Quebec acid to near neutral mineral soils varying in texture and genesis

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 711-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Pellerin ◽  
Léon-Étienne Parent ◽  
Josée Fortin ◽  
Catherine Tremblay ◽  
Lotfi Khiari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Texture ◽  
Preferential Flow ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Testing Procedure ◽  
Soil Extraction ◽  
Environmental Indices ◽  
P Accumulation ◽  
Subsurface Layers ◽  
Phosphorus Saturation ◽  
Mineral Soils

The Mehlich-III method (M-III) (Mehlich 1984) is a multinutrient agri-environmental routine soil-testing procedure used in many jurisdictions in North America, but one that is affected by soil texture. The PW determined by the Sissingh (1971) method is an index of surface water contamination and desorbed P that is not influenced by soil texture and that can be used to define specific M-III critical environmental indices by soil texture group. Our objective was to define critical environmental indices by relating (P/Al)M-III to PW. We analyzed 275 soil samples from surface, and 175 from subsurface layers, varying in genesis, texture, and pH. The relationship between PW and (P/Al)M-III was influenced by soil properties, particularly soil texture and genesis. Fine-textured (> 300 g clay kg-1) and gleyed soils tended to release more PW at a given (P/Al)M-III compared with coarse-textured (≤ 300 g clay kg-1) and podzolized soils. Using a critical value of 9.7 mg PW L-1 derived from the literature, critical environmental (P/Al)M-III ratios were found to be 0.131 for coarse-, and 0.076 for fine-textured soils. Subsurface PW increased significantly with (P/Al)M-III above 0.131 in the plough layer of coarse-textured soils, but was independent of (P/Al)M-III in fine-textured soils, indicating contrasting mechanisms of P accumulation in subsurface layers (matrix vs. preferential flow). After accounting for soil texture, (P/Al)M-III appeared to be a useful index of P accumulation in Quebec mineral soils. Key words: Soil phosphorus saturation, Mehlich-III soil extraction method, water-extractable phosphorus, soil environmental phosphorus threshold, soil texture

scholarly journals Response of wheat, pea, and canola to micronutrient fertilization on five contrasting prairie soils

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noabur Rahman ◽  
Jeff Schoenau
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Soil Extraction ◽  
Dominant Form ◽  
Prairie Soils ◽  
Biomass Yields ◽  
Mineral Soils ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Cu And Zn

Abstract A polyhouse study was conducted to evaluate the relative effectiveness of different micronutrient fertilizer formulation and application methods on wheat, pea and canola, as indicated by yield response and fate of micronutrients in contrasting mineral soils. The underlying factors controlling micronutrient bioavailability in a soil–plant system were examined using chemical and spectroscopic speciation techniques. Application of Cu significantly improved grain and straw biomass yields of wheat on two of the five soils (Ukalta and Sceptre), of which the Ukalta soil was critically Cu deficient according to soil extraction with DTPA. The deficiency problem was corrected by either soil or foliar application of Cu fertilizers. There were no significant yield responses of pea to Zn fertilization on any of the five soils. For canola, soil placement of boric acid was effective in correcting the deficiency problem in Whitefox soil, while foliar application was not. Soil extractable Cu, Zn, and B concentration in post-harvest soils were increased with soil placement of fertilizers, indicating that following crops in rotation could benefit from this application method. The chemical and XANES spectroscopic speciation indicates that carbonate associated is the dominant form of Cu and Zn in prairie soils, where chemisorption to carbonates is likely the major process that determines the fate of added Cu and Zn fertilizer.

Soil phosphorus saturation degree: Review of some indices and their suitability for P management in Québec, Canada

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Beauchemin ◽  
R. R. Simard
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Fate ◽  
Saturation Index ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Ammonium Oxalate ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Saturation Degree ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Phosphorus Saturation ◽  
Soil Groups

Many agricultural fields contain excessive labile soil P in regard to crop needs. Its environmental fate must be assessed. The concept of P saturation degree is meaningful as it describes the portion of the soil binding sites already covered with P, and indicates the potential desorbability of soil P. The first objective of this study was to review different indices that have been proposed to estimate the degree of soil P saturation and the relationships between soil P saturation degree and P solubility. The second objective is to discuss their suitability as environmental indicators for P management in the province of Québec, Canada. In the Netherlands, the P saturation index is defined as the ratio of P to Al + Fe contents extracted by ammonium oxalate [Pox/( Alox + Feox ) or ( Pox/0.5( Alox + Feox )]. This approach has been mainly used with non-calcareous soils. In Québec, the ratio of Mehlich-III extractable P to Al (M3P/AlM3) is proposed as an alternative, which relies on routine laboratory test. However, the suitability of the M3P/AlM3 ratio has yet to be determined for some specific soil groups (e.g. gleyed soils, soils with Alox content >6 g kg−1) and for subsoil horizons. Regardless of the chosen index, it is suggested that the best way to manage the risk of water contamination by P in Québec (namely, defining critical levels of soil P saturation) may be to form homogeneous soil groups to account for their distinctive behaviour and characteristics. Key words: Phosphorus, saturation, management

scholarly journals Determination of available soil phosphorus by chemical methods

1978 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erkki Aura
Keyword(s):  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Ammonium Fluoride ◽  
Acetate Solution ◽  
Phosphorus Status ◽  
Mineral Soils ◽  
Resin Method

Phosphorus uptake by oats in pot experiments was compared with phosphorus test values obtained for experimental soils. Phosphorus was extracted from the soil using acid ammonium acetate solution, Bray 1 solution, Olsen solution, ammonium fluoride, distilled water and anion exchange resin. Intensity values were determined by equilibrating the soils with 0.01 M CaCl2 solution. Soil samples were collected from 30 mineral soils. The best test for phosphorus status proved to be the anion exchange resin method. Good results were also obtained with simple water extraction. An advantage of the water and resin method is that the microstructure of the soil is not substantially changed when using these methods. An intensity measurement was not in itself sufficient for analysis of the phosphorus status, since the intensity drops rapidly when soil releases phosphorus.

scholarly journals Effect of extractant pH on the release of soil phosphorus, aluminium and iron by ammonium fluoride

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raina Niskanen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Ammonium Oxalate ◽  
Ammonium Fluoride ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Acid Fluoride ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Decreasing Ph ◽  
Mineral Soils

Release of P, Al and Fe of five mineral soils in four-hour extraction by 0.1 M NH4F, pH 4.2—8.6, generally increased with decreasing pH of the extractant. Fluoride was a rather selective extractant of Al at pH 6.1—8.6 where the extractability of iron was low. NH4F, pH 4.2, released a great part of P solubilized in fractionation of inorganic soil P, and Al was extracted more than by Tamm’s acid ammonium oxalate. Acid fluoride solutions released OH- ions from soils. The initial pH of fluoride was 4.2—5.2, and it rose in the filtrates of all soils.

scholarly journals Trace elements in Finnish soils as related to soil texture and organic matter content

1962 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikko Sillanpää
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Relative Resistance ◽  
Soil Material ◽  
Geological Origin ◽  
Trace Element Contents ◽  
Mineral Soils

A study was conducted to evaluate the relation of the total contents of Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn on soil texture and organic matter content. In spite of a wide variation, a clear tendency for the trace element contents (Pb being an exception) to decrease with increasing particle size was found. The reason for this is believed to be associated with the geological origin of the soil material and with the relative resistance to weathering of the minerals from which the trace elements are derived. In mineral soils the contents of trace elements increased with increasing organic matter and the maximum contents are likely to be found in soils containing from 5 to 15 per cent organic matter. A further increase in organic matter tends to decrease the total contents of trace elements expressed on a volume basis (kg/ha). The causes underlying this relation, which are believed to be pedological rather than chemical, are discussed.

Sugarcane Biomass Yield Response to Phosphorus Fertilizer on Four Mineral Soils as Related to Extractable Soil Phosphorus

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (22) ◽  
pp. 2960-2970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquin S. Alvarado ◽  
J. Mabry McCray ◽  
John E. Erickson ◽  
Hardev S. Sandhu ◽  
Jehangir H. Bhadha
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Mineral Soils ◽  
Extractable Soil

Flux fields affect the spatial distribution of phosphorus in a tilled loamy soil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Koch ◽  
Henrike Lederer ◽  
Petra Kahle ◽  
Bernd Lennartz
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Preferential Flow ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Matrix Flow ◽  
Flow Pathways

<p>Heterogenous flow pathways through the soil are a major component in the transport of water, dissolved and particle-bound nutrients like phosphorus (P) to water resources, and promote the eutrophication of water bodies. Non-uniform water flow patterns may also influence the spatial variability of the P-content in soils.</p><p>This study was designed to understand the spatial distribution of P in agriculturally used soils and the mechanism causing P accumulation and depletion at the centimeter scale. We conducted three replicate dye tracer experiments using Brilliant Blue on a loamy Stagnosol in North-Eastern-Germany. The plant-available phosphorus of stained and unstained areas was analyzed using double lactate extraction and diffusive gradients on thin films (DGT).</p><p>The DL-extractable P and the DGT-extractable P were strongly correlated (p<0.001, R²=0.63) confirming that DL-P is a good measure for the mobile phase of soil phosphorus.</p><p>The plant available P contents of the topsoil were significantly higher than those of the subsoil in all three replicates. The topsoil’s stained areas showed higher P contents than unstained areas, while the opposite was found for the subsoil. The P contents varied strongly over the soil profiles (0.4 to 11.2 mg P 100 g<sup>-1</sup>) and different categories of flow patterns (matrix flow, flow fingers, preferential flow and no flow). The P contents of these flow patterns differed significantly from each other and followed the order: P<sub>matrix flow</sub> > P<sub>finger flow</sub> > P<sub>no flow</sub> > P<sub>preferential flow</sub>.</p><p>We conclude that P tends to accumulate along flow pathways in managed and tilled topsoils, while in subsoils at a general lower P level, P is depleted from the prominent preferential flow domains. It is likely, that P in the shallow groundwater origins from preferred flow zones from the subsoil.</p>

Soil Texture and Residue Addition Effects on Soil Phosphorus Transformations

1996 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1095-1101 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Huffman ◽  
C. V. Cole ◽  
N. A. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Soil Texture ◽  
Soil Phosphorus
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