Grass leaf blade development: Modification of the source

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Brégard ◽  
G. Allard
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Leaf Development ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Compensation Point ◽  
Carbon Availability ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
And Control

Developing leaf blades of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) were subjected to three treatments that modify their source capacity: (1) emerged tips cut daily, (2) grown in darkness or (3) grown at the CO2 compensation point. Treated and control leaves developed similarly but treated leaves senesced rapidly at the leaf tip. Reduction of carbon availability in developing tall fescue leaf blades seems not to penalize normal blade development but does reduce the lifespan of mature leaves. Key words: Source, leaf development, tall fescue

Leaf development in eight related grasses

1994 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Gao ◽  
D. Wilman
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Leaf Development ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Leaf Expansion ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Meadow Fescue ◽  
Rate Of Increase

SummaryLeaf development was studied in eight related grasses, grown in field swards cut at 5-week intervals, during the year of sowing and the subsequent year (1989 and 1990). The rate of leaf expansion was in the order Westerwolds ryegrass > Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), Italian ryegrass × meadow fescue > hybrid ryegrass > perennial ryegrass × meadow fescue, meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne). The order of grasses was similar, but not identical, for rate of leaf appearance, rate of leaf extension, weight of leaf blade emerging per shoot per week and rate of increase in length of exposed leaf sheath, and the order was approximately the reverse for weight per unit area of emerging leaf blade. The area per leaf blade increased greatly between May and October of the year of sowing, particularly in Westerwolds, Italian and hybrid ryegrasses and Italian ryegrass × meadow fescue. Area per leaf blade in tall fescue increased greatly between May and July of the year of sowing and May–July of the subsequent year. Rate of leaf expansion in meadow fescue was much higher in May of the year after sowing than in the previous May.

Effects of applied nitrogen on grass yield, nitrogen content, tillers and leaves in field swards

1984 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Wilman ◽  
P. Joy Pearse
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
N Application ◽  
Blade Width ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Rate Of Emergence ◽  
Positive Effect

SummaryEffects of three levels of N application and four intervals between harvests on field swards of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) were studied during 6-week periods in summer and spring. Ryegrass was compared with tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) in spring and autumn.An increase in the interval between harvests from 1 to 6 weeks allowed a larger, positive response to applied N to develop in respect of dry-matter yield, weight per tiller, and leaf blade and sheath length. Response to N was expressed more in terms of larger leaf blades than in a larger number of tillers. Tall fescue leaf blade size was increased more than that of ryegrass by a period of uninterrupted growth in May.Within 1 week of its application, N had increased the N content of both emerging and dying leaf blades and had increased the width and reduced the weight per unit area of the emerging blades. The positive effect of N on blade width (and on blade length where uninterrupted growth was allowed) and its negative effect on weight per unit area were ‘carried through’ the sward, to be recorded a second time when that generation of blades had become the dying blades.Applied N increased the number of tillers, the rate of emergence of new tillers, the proportion of tiller buds which developed into tillers, and the proportion of relatively young tiller buds which developed.

scholarly journals CONTRIBUTION OF THE GENETIC IMPROVEMENT OF TALL FESCUE (Festuca arundinacea SCHREB.) IN ARGENTINA: SYNTHESIS OF ACHIEVEMENTS AND ADVANCES

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (Issue 2) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
P. Rimieri
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Temperate Region ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Synthetic Cultivars

Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) is represented in Argentina by adapted populations of the continental morphotype, which are long persistent. It is the main perennial forage species cultivated in the temperate region of the country, producing forage for extensive grazing. The development of fescue plant breeding and its contribution to the achievement of higher productivity and better nutritional value with modern synthetic cultivars was the aim of this project. The characters considered were: adaptation and persistence in adverse environments, digestibility, leaf softness and tolerance to rust. The most representative cultivars of the stages and selection criteria considered in this work were: Pergamino El Palenque MAG, Palenque Plus INTA, Brava INTA, Baguala and Luján INTA. Key words: tall fescue, plant breeding, cultivars, germplasm.

AC Graze tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 843-844
Author(s):  
A. R. McElroy
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Mass Selection ◽  
Forage Crop ◽  
Plant Research ◽  
Forage Type ◽  
Selection For

AC Graze, tested as Syn-A, is a late-maturing forage-type tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cultivar. It was developed by mass selection for vigor, persistence, leafiness and uniform maturity at the Plant Research Centre, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa. AC Graze yielded 105.3% of the test mean (seven cultivar, six station years) in Ontario Forage Crop Committee trials. Key words: Tall fescue, Festuca arundinacea Schreb.

The Improvement of Thermotolerance in Tall Fescue and Perennial Ryegrass by Activating the Antioxidative System

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 249-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Hong Fei Yang ◽  
Jian Long Li
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Antioxidative Enzymes ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
And Control ◽  
Gpx Activity

The effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) of low concentration on thermotolerance of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea cv. Barlexas) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne cv. Accent) was studied following a foliar pretreatment with 10 mM H2O2. Antioxidative enzymes activities and antioxidant content were measured in both cool-season turfgrass cultivars under heat stress (38/30 °C, day/night) and control normal temperature (26/15 °C, day/night). While activities of catalase(CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-dependent peroxidases (GPX) were enhanced by H2O2pretreatment during heat stress. APX, GR and GPX activities were significantly enhanced during heat stress. These were likely the most important antioxidative enzymes in tall fescue and perennial ryegrass protecting plants against heat stress. The thermotolerance was also concomitant with an increased glutathione pool, as evaluated by the significant increase of the total glutathione pool in two pretreated cultivars. The increase of POD, CAT, APX, GR activities and significant increase of GPX activity prior to the initiation of heat stress in pre-treatment plants suggested a possible role for H2O2as a signaling molecule protecting them against the subsequent heat-induced damage.

Tall fescue or creeping foxtail suppresses foxtail barley

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Moyer ◽  
A. L. Boswall
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Agropyron Smithii ◽  
Western Wheatgrass ◽  
Hordeum Jubatum ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

Foxtail barley (Hordeum jubatum L.) is a troublesome weed in irrigated pastures. Several grass species seeded on two irrigated pastures at Lethbridge to test their ability to compete with foxtail barley. Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and creeping foxtail (Alopecurus arundinaceus Poir) reduced foxtail barley groundcover significantly compared to orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), pubescent wheatgrass (Agropyron trichophorum (Link) Richt.) and western wheatgrass (Agropyron smithii Rydb.); therefore, seeding of these grasses in areas subject to foxtail barley invasion should be encouraged. Key words: Foxtail barley, tall fescue, creeping foxtail, wet soils, salinity, weed suppression

The Improvement of Thermotolerance in Tall Fescue and Perennial Ryegrass Pretreated with Exogenous H2O2

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 239-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Hong Fei Yang ◽  
Jian Long Li
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Antioxidative Enzyme Activities ◽  
Turfgrass Quality ◽  
And Control

The effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) of low concentration on thermotolerance of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea cv. Barlexas) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne cv. Accent) was studied following a foliar pretreatment with 10 mM H2O2. Turfgrass quality, relative water content (RWC), oxidative damage were measured in both cool-season turfgrass cultivars under heat stress (38/30 °C, day/night) and control normal temperature (26/15 °C, day/night). Pre-treated plants of two cultivars showed the lower MDA and H2O2 levels and the higher turfgrass quality and RWC under heat stress. Our results demonstrated that exogenous H2O2 of the low concentration improved the thermotolerance of tall fescue and perennial ryegrass by inducing the antioxidative enzyme activities and alleviating the oxidative damage.

Isolation and identification of plant growth-promoting bacteria associated with tall fescue

2009 ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Monk ◽  
E. Gerard ◽  
S. Young ◽  
K. Widdup ◽  
M. O'Callaghan
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Beneficial Bacteria ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) is a useful alternative to ryegrass in New Zealand pasture but it is slow to establish. Naturally occurring beneficial bacteria in the rhizosphere can improve plant growth and health through a variety of direct and indirect mechanisms. Keywords: rhizosphere, endorhiza, auxin, siderophore, P-solubilisation

THE PERFORMANCE OF S170 TALL FESCUE IN CANTERBURY

1974 ◽  
pp. 214-215
Author(s):  
B.R. Watkin
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Selection Of

AN Aberystwyth selection of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), known as S170, was sown with certified New Zealand white clover (Trifolium repens) and re' clover (T. pratense) and compared under sheep grazing with other grass/clover pastures at the Grasslands Division Regional Station at Lincoln (Watkin, 1975) .

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