Cole crop yield response to reduced nitrogen rates

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Sanderson ◽  
J. A. Ivany
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Control Banding ◽  
Reduced Nitrogen ◽  
N Rates ◽  
Nitrogen Rates ◽  
Cole Crop ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

Response of cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata), Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera) and broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var italica) to reduced N rates was studied over 4 yr. Treatments were application methods, broadcast, split and banded with two rates of N; 120 and 90 kg ha−1 plus a control of 150 kg ha−1 broadcast N. Marketable yield was lower by 15, 23, and 13%, respectively, compared to the control. Banding lowered yield of cabbage and broccoli. The lower N rate had the lowest yield in all crops. Leaf N concentration varied with N rate. Key words: Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, reduced nitrogen, yield

scholarly journals Effect of plant density on the growth, development and yield of brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea L. var. gemmifera L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Alekseevich Turbin ◽  
Artem Siergiejevicz Sokolov ◽  
Edyta Kosterna ◽  
Robert Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Head Formation ◽  
Stalk Diameter ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

Plant density is an important variable for achieving maximum yields and uniform vegetable maturity. Optimal plant density can be achieved by establishing appropriate distances both between the rows as well as in the rows of plants. The experiment was carried out between 2010–2012 at the experimental field of the Crimean Agrotechnological University in Simferopol, Ukraine. The experiment was established as randomised blocks with four replications. This study aimed to determine the effect of plant density on the growth, development and yield of Brussels sprouts. Increasing the area per plant resulted in a shortening of the time to the beginning of head formation, technical maturity and harvest. In all study years, increasing the distance between plants caused an increase in leaf assimilation area, stalk diameter and the number of heads per plant, however, the height of plants was lower. The most favourable parameters characterising marketable yield were found at an area per plant of 0.56 m<sup>2</sup>, however, the maximum yield from 1 ha (determining the profitability of the cultivation) was found at an area of 0.49 m<sup>2</sup> per plant.

Effect of nitrogen and potassium on the yield and quality of irrigated Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea L. var. gemmifera) cvv. Roger and Oliver grown in South Australia

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 877 ◽  
Author(s):  
CMJ Williams ◽  
NA Maier ◽  
MJ Potter ◽  
GG Collins
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Silty Loam ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

This study was conducted to assess the effects of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) on the yield and size distribution of Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea L. var. gemmifera) grown with sprinkler irrigation in the Mt Lofty Ranges, South Australia. The cultivars grown were Oliver and Roger which are early and mid season types, respectively. Yields of swollen axillary buds or Brussels sprouts were assessed over 4-7 harvests. Five rates of N (0, 125, 250, 375, 600 kg/ha) with 3 rates of K (0, 150, 300 kg/ha) were applied over 8 side-dressings during the 7-8-month cropping period in randomised block experiments. Four experiments were conducted during 1992-93 (sites 1 and 2) and 1993-94 (sites 3 and 4) on silty loam, loam and sandy loam soils. The effect of N and K on sprout colour was determined at sites 3 and 4. Thiocyanate concentrations in sprouts and the bitterness of sprouts, from the nil and highest K treatment, and from plants in the crop adjacent to the experimental area, were determined for sites 1 and 2. In 3 of the 4 experiments, applied N significantly (P<0.001) increased total yield of sprouts harvested. Yield increases due to applied N ranged from 51 to 78%. At site 1 (cv. Oliver), there was no yield response to applied N but at sites 2 and 4 (cv. Roger) and site 3 (cv. Oliver), 319, 377 and 383 kg N/ha, respectively were required for 95% maximum yield. At responsive sites, application of N significantly increased both yield of sprouts at all harvests except harvest 1, and yield of 20-<30 and 30-<40 g sprouts, which are the preferred size ranges. Increasing rates of N significantly (P<0.05) increased yield of 240 g or large sprouts at all 3 responsive sites. The effect of applied N on sprout colour was inconsistent. At site 4, application of N significantly (P<0.001) increased the mean colour rating of sprouts, in contrast, at site 3 the effect was not significant (P>0.05). At both sites, mean colour ratings decreased during the harvest period irrespective of N applied. Total yield, size and colour of sprouts were not significantly (P>0.05) affected by rate of applied K at any site. It was concluded that extractable K concentrations of 140-260 mg/kg in the surface (0-15 cm) soils were adequate and not limiting yield. At site 1, thiocyanate concentration in sprouts and sprout bitterness increased significantly (P<0.001) when the highest rate of K2SO4 was applied. At site 2, which had received higher rates of sulfate-based fertilisers in previous years, the effect was not significant (P>0.05). This finding suggests that application of high rates of K2SO4 to Brussels sprouts should be avoided to ensure bitterness does not adversely affect the marketability of sprouts.

Broccoli growth in response to increasing rates of pre-plant nitrogen. I. Yield and quality

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Bakker ◽  
C. J. Swanton ◽  
A. W. McKeown
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Plant Nitrogen ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Head Rot ◽  
Nitrogen Rates ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

Nitrogen management is critical to the production of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. italica Plenck). Field trials were conducted in 2001 and 2002 to determine the rate of pre-plant nitrogen required to optimize broccoli yield and quality. Seven rates of nitrogen (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 300, 400 kg N ha-1) as ammonium nitrate were broadcast and incorporated before transplanting two broccoli cultivars, Captain and Decathlon. Maturity of the heads was delayed by 5 d at 0 kg N ha-1 compared with the other rates of applied N. Marketable yield was maximized at 243 to 272 kg N ha-1 for yield expressed in t ha-1 and 171 to 187 kg N ha-1 for yield expressed as cases ha-1. Averaged over cultivar and year the most economical rate of nitrogen (MERN) ranged from 298 to 309 kg ha-1, 50 kg higher than estimates for the maximum marketable yield derived from quadratic plateau models. The incidence of misshapen heads decreased and floret color improved as nitrogen rate increased, but hollow stem and head rot also increased with high rates of nitrogen. Floret NO3--N concentration increased and vitamin C concentration decreased at high nitrogen rates. Applying the rates of nitrogen required to maximize yield may have negative economic and environmental consequences. However, restricting nitrogen also jeopardizes both yield and quality. Hence, the optimum amount of pre-plant nitrogen to apply to broccoli that balances yield, quality, economics and environmental concerns remains a complex issue. Key words: Brassica oleracea L. italica Plenck, color, postharvest, nutrition, hollow stem, vitamin C

LAMB’S-QUARTERS INTERFERENCE WITH DIRECT SEEDED BROCCOLI

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1215-1221 ◽  
Author(s):  
IRIS BITTERLICH ◽  
MAHESH K. UPADHYAYA
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Lamb’S Quarters ◽  
Cole Crop

Field experiments were conducted in 1987 and 1988 to study the effect of lamb’s-quarters (Chenopodium album L.) interference on broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis ’Emperor’) growth and yield. Broccoli growth was initially affected by weed interference at 28–36 d after seeding. Generally, the negative effect of weed interference on broccoli growth increased with increasing weed density and time after seeding. Interference by 15 lamb’s-quarters plants m−2 reduced the biomass of broccoli plants by 71–73% compared to the weed-free control at 57–58 d after seeding. Weed density-crop yield relationship curves showed that one lamb’s-quarters plant m−2 decreased total yield by 18–20% and marketable yield by 22–37%. Lamb’s-quarters reduced the total yield per plot by decreasing the average head weight of broccoli. The number of heads per plot was not affected. Weed interference also reduced the weight of heads classified as marketable (> 10 cm across). However, in 1987 more heads failed to reach a marketable size which resulted in a much smaller marketable yield than in 1988.Key words: Brassica oleracea var. botrytis, broccoli, Chenopodium album L., weed density, weed interference, cole crop

The effect of aerated hydration on DNA synthesis in embryos of Brassica oleracea L.

1993 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Thornton ◽  
A. R. S. Collins ◽  
A. A. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Dna Replication ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Thymidine Incorporation ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Time Difference ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

AbstractAgeing causes a delay in the onset of DNA replication in seeds. Aerated hydration for 8 h, a treatment to invigorate seeds, resulted in a reduction of about 12 h in the time difference in the onset of DNA synthesis between unaged and aged embryos of brassica seed. This effect is consistent with a recovery process occurring during aerated hydration of the seed involving the repair of accumulated DNA damage. The occurrence of hydroxyurea-resistant 3H-thymidine incorporation in aged Brussels sprouts embryos during the period 16–32 h from the start of hydration supports this interpretation.

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