The utilization of heterosis for seed yield in hybrid and synthetic cultivars of summer turnip rape

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Falk ◽  
G. F. W. Rakow ◽  
R. K. Downey
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Turnip Rape ◽  
Hand Pollination ◽  
Pollination Control ◽  
Synthetic Hybrids ◽  
Actual Yield ◽  
Synthetic Cultivars

Hybrids of summer turnip rape (Brassica rapa L. syn. B. campestris L.) have been shown to exhibit high levels of heterosis. This study was undertaken to determine whether the heterosis for seed yield observed in hybrids could be captured by synthetic cultivars of turnip rape. The agronomic performance of reciprocal inter-cultivar hybrids and their corresponding two-component synthetics was studied using four turnip rape cultivars. Hybrid seed was produced by hand pollination in the greenhouse and Syn1 seed was produced by mixing equal proportions of each parent to form the base seed (Syn0) of each synthetic, and planting these in isolation in the field. The seed yield of hybrids, synthetics and parents were similar in 1985 while in 1986, hybrids yielded 25% and synthetics 23% more than parents. Actual versus predicted synthetic yields were similar except for one synthetic, Echo-Torch in 1986, where the actual yield exceeded the predicted value. Hybrid yields may have been underestimated by the chosen prediction method and therefore the yield potential of hybrids would be greater than for synthetics in turnip rape. However, until a suitable pollination control system is developed in this species, synthetic cultivars are a viable alternative to hybrids. Key words: Turnip rape (summer), synthetic, hybrids, Brassica rapa, B. campestris

Yield potential of spring turnip rape synthetics and composite hybrids compared with open-pollinated commercial cultivars

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 693-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Niemelä ◽  
M. Seppänen ◽  
L. Jauhiainen ◽  
U. Tulisalo
Keyword(s):  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Turnip Rape ◽  
Commercial Cultivars ◽  
Low Erucic Acid ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
High Degree ◽  
First Time

Yield potentials of spring turnip rape (Brassica rapa L.) synthetics and composite hybrids were compared with those of open-pollinated commercial cultivars during a 3-yr period (2000–2002). The trials included 16 synthetics and 25 composite hybrids derived from 22 different parent lines, as well as five open-pollinated commercial cultivars. All of the material tested had low erucic acid and glucosinolate contents and was well adapted for cultivation in southern Finland. The composite hybrids, which were tested for the first time in turnip rape, exhibited significantly higher seed yields than open-pollinated cultivars. The maximum commercial heterosis in seed yield was 18% in synthetics and 23% in composite hybrids. Both synthetics and composite hybrids showed better resistance to lodging than commercial cultivars. When studying the effect of commercial heterosis on seed yield, a high degree of variation was observed both within the synthetics and the composite hybrids. This result highlights the importance of testing parental combinations in turnip rape in order to find combinations that give the strongest heterotic effect. Key words: Turnip rape, Brassica rapa, synthetic, composite hybrid, seed yield, commercial heterosis

Eldorado summer turnip rape

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-186
Author(s):  
D. F. Degenhardt ◽  
G. R. Stringam ◽  
Z. P. Kondra
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Seed Oil Content ◽  
Turnip Rape ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Canola Quality

Eldorado summer rape (Brassica rapa L.) is a canola-quality cultivar with a seed yield similar to that of Tobin. The seed oil content of Eldorado is significantly higher and its meal glucosinolate content is significantly lower than Tobin. Eldorado is well adapted to the B. rapa-growing areas of western Canada. Keywords: Turnip rape (summer), cultivar description

Seed yield of successive synthetic generations in summer turnip rape

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Falk ◽  
D. L. Woods
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Relative Order ◽  
Turnip Rape ◽  
Cultivar Groups ◽  
Rapeseed Cultivar ◽  
Canola Quality

One Canadian turnip rapeseed cultivar and four canola-quality strains were used as parents to create 10 two-parent synthetics to assess the performance of successive synthetic generations and determine whether the planting of the Syn0 generation is an alternative to either the Syn1 generation or a single parental planting in summer turnip rape. Parents, as a group, yielded significantly less than Syn0s, Syn1s and Syn2s. The relative order of cultivar groups was consistent over environments (i.e., Syn1 ≥ Syn2 ≥ Syn0 ≥ parents). Key words: Turnip rape (summer), synthetic, Brassica rapa, Brassica campestris

scholarly journals Variability, Correlation and Path Analysis in F2 Progenies of Inter-Varietal Crosses of Brassica Rapa

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-220
Author(s):  
S Ara ◽  
S Afroz ◽  
MS Noman ◽  
MSR Bhuiyan ◽  
MIK Zia
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Correlation And Path Analysis ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Number Of Branches ◽  
Plant Length

Eight F2 populations generated through inter-varietal crosses, along with three check varieties of Brassica rapa were evaluated to study the variation in different characters, correlation between pairs of different characters and the direct and indirect effect of different characters on seed yield per plant to select the plants with higher yield potential. From the values of mean, range and (CV%) of seed yield and yield contributing characters it was confirmed that there were considerable variation present among all the genotypes used in the experiment. The values of phenotypic variances were higher than the cor responding genotypic variances. Number of branches per plant, length of siliqua, seeds per siliqua, 1000 seed weight and yield per plant showed least difference between phenotypic and genotypic variances. The values of GCV and PCV indicated that there was least variation present among most of the characters studied. The number of branches per plant, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity and length of siliqua had showed high heritability with low genetic advance and genetic advance in percentage of mean. Yield per plant had significant and highest positive correlation with plant height, days to 50% maturity, length of siliqua and seeds per siliqua. The path co-efficient analysis revealed that siliqua per plant had the highest positive direct effect followed by seeds per siliqua, length of siliqua and plant height. Sixteen most promising plants with higher yield were selected for cultivation.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v6i1.22068 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 6(1): 217-220 2013

Performance of inter-cultivar summer turnip rape hybrids in Saskatchewan

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Falk ◽  
G. Rakow ◽  
R. K. Downey ◽  
D. T. Spurr
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Seed Oil Content ◽  
Hand Pollination ◽  
Pollination Control ◽  
Key Words:Brassica

The agronomic performance of inter-cultivar hybrids of Brassica rapa L. was studied in crosses between four B. rapa cultivars. Six reciprocal hybrid combinations were produced by hand pollination in the greenhouse. Hybrids and their parents were tested in replicated yield tests for 3 yr. An average, over all hybrid combinations, of 13% heterosis for seed yield was observed. Heterosis for seed yield was greatest in crosses between genetically diverse cultivars, which agrees with classical theories on heterosis. There were also significant differences in yield of reciprocal F1 combinations. Seed oil content was not heterotic. The results of this study indicated that the level of heterosis of seed yield in crosses between B. rapa cultivars adapted for production in western Canada is sufficient to warrant the development of a suitable pollination control system for hybrid B. rapa production. Key words:Brassica rapa, Brassica campestris, inter-cultivar hybrids, seed yield, heterosis

Eclipse summer turnip rape

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 837-838
Author(s):  
D. F. Degenhardt ◽  
G. R. Stringam ◽  
Z. P. Kondra
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Turnip Rape ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Canola Quality

Eclipse summer turnip rape (Brassica rapa L.) is a yellow-seeded canola-quality cultivar with a seed yield similar to that of the cultivars AC Parkland and Tobin. The oil content of Eclipse is similar to that of AC Parkland but is significantly higher than Tobin. Eclipse has a significantly lower glucosinolate content than either AC Parkland or Tobin. Eclipse is well adapted to the B. rapa growing areas of western Canada.Key words: Turnip rape (summer), cultivar description

Application of physiological understanding in soybean improvement. I. Understanding phenological constraints to adaptation and yield potential

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Lawn ◽  
A. T. James
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Eastern Australia

The purpose of this paper and its companion1 is to describe how, in eastern Australia, soybean improvement, in terms of both breeding and agronomy, has been informed and influenced over the past four decades by physiological understanding of the environmental control of phenology. This first paper describes how initial attempts to grow soybean in eastern Australia, using varieties and production practices from the southern USA, met with limited success due to large variety × environment interaction effects on seed yield. In particular, there were large variety × location, variety × sowing date, and variety × sowing date × density effects. These various interaction effects were ultimately explained in terms of the effects of photo-thermal environment on the phenology of different varieties, and the consequences for radiation interception, dry matter production, harvest index, and seed yield. This knowledge enabled the formulation of agronomic practices to optimise sowing date and planting arrangement to suit particular varieties, and underpinned the establishment of commercial production in south-eastern Queensland in the early 1970s. It also influenced the establishment and operation over the next three decades of several separate breeding programs, each targeting phenological adaptation to specific latitudinal regions of eastern Australia. This paper also describes how physiological developments internationally, particularly the discovery of the long juvenile trait and to a lesser extent the semi-dwarf ideotype, subsequently enabled an approach to be conceived for broadening the phenological adaptation of soybeans across latitudes and sowing dates. The application of this approach, and its outcomes in terms of varietal improvement, agronomic management, and the structure of the breeding program, are described in the companion paper.

Hysyn100 summer turnip rape

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Falk ◽  
F. M. Stoenescu
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Turnip Rape ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Canola Quality

Hysyn100 summer turnip rape (Brassica rapa L.) is a canola-quality population-synthetic (Syn1) with high oil and protein contents that is well adapted to the short- and mid-season growing areas of western Canada. Key words: Turnip rape (summer), synthetic, cultivar description

scholarly journals Effect of nitrogen fertilization on camelina seed yield, yield components, and downy mildew infection

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunfei* Jiang ◽  
Claude D. Caldwell
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Set Up ◽  
N Rates

Camelina [Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz] has potential in aquaculture, livestock feed production, and the biofuel industry. It is necessary to determine the appropriate production technology for the newly introduced crop under different environmental conditions. The objective of this 2-year study was to measure the response of five camelina genotypes in terms of seed yield, yield components, and disease incidence to applied nitrogen (N) at multiple sites in the Maritime provinces of eastern Canada. The factorial experiment was set up as a randomized complete block design. The two factors were six N rates (0, 25, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg ha−1 N) and five genotypes of camelina (Calena, CDI002, CDI005, CDI007, and CDI008). The interactive effect of N rates and genotypes was considered. Results showed that camelina, which is usually considered a low-input crop, responded positively to increased applied N at rates up to 200 kg ha−1 N. Seed yield responded differently to applied N rates depending on genotype. Branch and pod development were decisive for seed yield. The advanced line CDI007 had the highest yield potential among the five genotypes. Downy mildew infection was positively correlated with applied N rates; however, seed yield was not significantly affected by downy mildew infection.

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