The influence of tillage and crop rotation on nitrogen fixation in lentil and pea

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Matus ◽  
D. A. Derksen ◽  
F. L. Walley ◽  
H. A. Loeppky ◽  
C. van Kessel
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Pisum Sativum L

Direct seeding into standing stubble and crop diversification are two practices that are becoming widely adopted in western Canada. This study was conducted to determine: i) the influence of zero and conventional tillage on N-fixation in lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) and pea (Pisum sativum L.), and ii) the effect of cropping history on N-fixation in lentil. Data were obtained from a crop rotation experiment being conducted on a silty clay soil in east-central Saskatchewan, which included six cereal-oilseed-cereal-pulse rotations, each managed using zero and conventional tillage practices. The finding showed that N-fixation was 10% higher by lentil and 31% higher by pea when grown using zero tillage as compared to conventional tillage practices. On average, lentil grown in highly diversified crop rotations fixed 12% more nitrogen than when grown in less diversified crop rotations. Key words: Nitrogen fixation, lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus), pea (Pisum sativum L.), zero tillage, conventional tillage

scholarly journals Biological Nitrogen Fixation and Productivity of Soybean in Maize-Soybean Intercrop under Tillage and Bradyrhizobium Inoculation on Alfisols of Northern Guinea Savanna, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-24
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Biological Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Biological Nitrogen ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Inoculation

A field study was conducted in the 2011 cropping season to investigate the effect of tillage and bradyrhizobium inoculation of soybean on biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and yield components in maize-soybean intercropping systems. Treatments comprised of two tillage practices (conventional tillage (CT) and reduced tillage (RT)) as the main plot and bradyrhizobium inoculation at four levels (inoculated sole soybean, inoculated soybean/maize intercrop, uninoculated sole soybean, and uninoculated soybean/maize intercrop) as sub-plot. The treatments were laid in a split-plot under a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that BNF and nitrogen derived from atmospheric (Ndfa) were significantly higher under RT than CT by 4.18 and 0.10 %, respectively. The BNF was consistently higher in the maize-soybean intercropping system with soybean inoculated with bradyrhizobium than in the uninoculated. BNF was 28.0 % higher in inoculated sole soybean and 80.2 % higher in inoculated maize-soybean intercrop than the uninoculated sole and intercropping system. Similarly, grain yield was 31.0 % higher in the inoculated sole soybean than the uninoculated sole and 33.7 % higher in inoculated maize/soybean intercrop than in the uninoculated intercrop. Biomass yields under inoculatedsole soybean and maize-soybean intercrop, respectively, were significantly higher than in uninoculated sole soybean and maize-soybean intercrop by 30.99and 33.66% for inoculated and uninoculated soybean sole and 34.44 and 30.40 % for inoculated and uninoculated intercrop. The results demonstrated that integrating bradyrhizobium inoculants and tillage will improve N fixation and productivity in maize-soybeanbased intercropping systems in Alfisols of Northern savannah.

Effect of tillage and crop establishment methods on yield and economics of cotton

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
ANIL KHIPPAL ◽  
KAMINI KUMARI S. Bhadauria ◽  
JASBIR SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
Method Of Planting ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Very High

In Haryana (India) cotton is generally sown with conventional tillage practices witnesses poor germination and plant establishment. Poor plant stand is attributed by burning of emerging plants due to very high temperature at the time of planting, which is further worsen by crust formation due to pre-monsoon showers. Keeping these points in view, an experiment was conducted with farmers' participatory research mode in village Hajwana of Kaithal district. Cotton sown with zero tillage technique resulted in approximately five percent higher yield i.e. 136.3 kg ha-1 over conventional tillage. Mean returns over variable cost of all the three years were 10.8 percent i.e. Rs. 11794 ha-1 more in zero tillage over conventional tillage. Benefit: cost ratio were 3.86, 3.86 and 4.61 in conventional method of planting, bed planting and zero tillage technique, respectively. Zero tillage planting of cotton reduced fuel consumption by 93.4 % and 91.7 % compared to bed planting and conventional planting respectively.

Tillage intensity and crop rotation affect weed community dynamics in a winter wheat cropping system

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 805-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Blackshaw ◽  
F. J. Larney ◽  
C. W. Lindwall ◽  
P. R. Watson ◽  
D. A. Derksen
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Downy Brome ◽  
Canada Thistle ◽  
Long Term Study

Development of improved weed manage ment systems requires more knowledge on how various weed species respond to changing agronomic practices. A long-term study was conducted to determine weed population responses to various tillage intensities and crop rotations in a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) dominated cropping system. Weed density and species composition differed with tillage, rotation, year, and date of sampling within years. Weed community dynamics were most affected by year-to-year differences in environmental conditions, followed by crop rotation, and then tillage intensity. Russian thistle (Salsola iberica Sennen & Pau) and kochia [Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad.] densities increased in years of low rainfall and above average temperatures. Winter annual weeds such as downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.) and flixweed [Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb ex Prantl], as well as the perennial weed dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Weber in Wiggers), increased in years where higher than average rainfall was received in fall or early spring. Continuous winter wheat facilitated a dense downy brome infestation to develop over time. Trifluralin is not efficacious on stinkweed (Thlaspi arvense L.) or Canada thistle [Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.] and its use in canola resulted in an increase in these species in a winter wheat-canola rotation. Total weed densities were often greater in zero tillage than in either minimum or conventional tillage. Russian thistle, downy brome, kochia, and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) were associated with zero tillage while wild buckwheat (Polygonum convolvulus L.), lamb’s-quarters (Chenopodium album L.), flixweed, and wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) were associated with conventional tillage. Perennials such as dandelion and perennial sowthistle (Sonchus arvensis L.) were associated with zero tillage but Canada thistle was associated with conventional tillage. Information will be utilized to implement more effective weed management programs in winter wheat production systems. Key words: Conservation tillage, fallow, multivariate analyses, weed populations, weed shifts, zero tillage

scholarly journals Temporal Change of Soil Carbon on a Long-Term Experimental Site with Variable Crop Rotations and Tillage Systems

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Laamrani ◽  
Paul R. Voroney ◽  
Aaron A. Berg ◽  
Adam W. Gillespie ◽  
Michael March ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
No Till

The impacts of tillage practices and crop rotations are fundamental factors influencing changes in the soil carbon, and thus the sustainability of agricultural systems. The objective of this study was to compare soil carbon status and temporal changes in topsoil from different 4 year rotations and tillage treatments (i.e., no-till and conventional tillage). Rotation systems were primarily corn and soy-based and included cereal and alfalfa phases along with red clover cover crops. In 2018, soil samples were collected from a silty-loam topsoil (0–15 cm) from the 36 year long-term experiment site in southern Ontario, Canada. Total carbon (TC) contents of each sample were determined in the laboratory using combustion methods and comparisons were made between treatments using current and archived samples (i.e., 20 year and 9 year change, respectively) for selected crop rotations. Overall, TC concentrations were significantly higher for no-till compared with conventional tillage practices, regardless of the crop rotations employed. With regard to crop rotation, the highest TC concentrations were recorded in corn–corn–oats–barley (CCOB) rotations with red clover cover crop in both cereal phases. TC contents were, in descending order, found in corn–corn–alfalfa–alfalfa (CCAA), corn–corn–soybean–winter wheat (CCSW) with 1 year of seeded red clover, and corn–corn–corn–corn (CCCC). The lowest TC concentrations were observed in the corn–corn–soybean–soybean (CCSS) and corn–corn–oats–barley (CCOB) rotations without use of cover crops, and corn–corn–soybean–winter wheat (CCSW). We found that (i) crop rotation varieties that include two consecutive years of soybean had consistently lower TC concentrations compared with the remaining rotations; (ii) TC for all the investigated plots (no-till and/or tilled) increased over the 9 year and 20 year period; (iii) the no-tilled CCOB rotation with 2 years of cover crop showed the highest increase of TC content over the 20 year change period time; and (iv) interestingly, the no-till continuous corn (CCCC) rotation had higher TC than the soybean–soybean–corn–corn (SSCC) and corn–corn–soybean–winter wheat (CCSW). We concluded that conservation tillage (i.e., no-till) and incorporation of a cover crop into crop rotations had a positive effect in the accumulation of TC topsoil concentrations and could be suitable management practices to promote soil fertility and sustainability in our agricultural soils.

scholarly journals Effect of Tillage, Residue Management and Cropping System on the Properties of Soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bibek Thapa ◽  
Keshab Raj Pande ◽  
Baburam Khanal ◽  
Santosh Marahatta
Keyword(s):  
Cropping System ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Residue Removal ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Residue Retention

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of tillage practices, residue management and cropping system on soil properties at NMRP, Rampur, Chitwan from November 2015 to April 2016. The experiment was laid on Strip split design with combination of 12 different treatments i.e, zero tillage & conventional tillage as main plot in the strip, residue retention & residue removal as sub-plot factor and maize – wheat, maize + soybean – wheat & soybean – wheat cropping system as sub-sub plot factor. Three replications of the treatments were made. Soil sample before experiment and after harvest of wheat was taken (0-15cm). The experiment showed significant effect of zero tillage on organic carbon (2.169%) and on total soil nitrogen (0.112 %). Zero tillage with retention of residues is valuable tool for the conservation agriculture and helps in sustainability of soil however long-term research for the tillage management and residue retention should be conducted to highlight the major effects on change in properties of soil.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(2): 164-168 

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