Fresh-cut apples: Challenges and opportunities for multi-disciplinary research

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 1361-1368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. A. Toivonen
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Food Microbiology ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Industry Practice ◽  
Emerging Issues ◽  
Fresh Cut

The fresh-cut apple industry has recently become established in North America. The future looks very bright for this value-added fruit product, however its growth requires improvements in quality and reduction of production costs. The existing industry has grown from concept to reality in response to research activities in anti-browning dips, package technology, sensory analysis, postharvest physiology, postharvest pathology and food microbiology. Several examples of how these critical research inputs have impacted and continue to impact on the industry practice are discussed. The next generation of questions and challenges posed by the industry will require some new inputs. Research in several disciplines will be need accessed to resolve the emerging issues. Traditional breeding effort and/or molecular technologies will be needed to provide non-browning fruit, fruit with better processing characteristics such as small cores to reduce waste and improved flavour and nutrition retention after cutting. With new cultivars, further work will be required to understand the commercial handling of each, including selection of harvest maturity and optimization of storage protocols. Also, pre-harvest factors such as phosphorus nutrition will need to be investigated further in terms of their effects on fruit tissue and membrane stability. Management of fungal pathogens is a key issue that needs to be studied from the field through storage and after cutting and packaging of the sliced fruit. The very nature of fresh-cut fruit has and continues to require a coordinated multi-disciplinary research strategy. Key words: Value-chain, value-added, apples, fresh-cut, integrated research

scholarly journals A Road to the Recognition of Home-Workers: Transformation of POS Production Modes and Roles of Home-workers in Batik Industry in Central Java (Case Study in Cluster Batik in Central Java)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Arianti Ina R. Hunga
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Transformation Model ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Public Areas ◽  
Home Workers

Home-work (HW) in the putting-out system (POS)-based industry is the real proof of global capitalism existence in domestic space. It utilizes house resources and manipulates the domestic area to keep production costs low in order to compete in the global market. POS and HW become paradoxical as they are widely employed and categorized as strategic commodity production, market their products to the global market, and involve certain skills, creativity and technology. Nevertheless, the facts are obscured from public eyes. Efforts to uncover the obscured facts have been done through POS and HW transformation strategies, which are described in this paper. The paper aims at promoting POS and HW into public areas. The data used were gathered through participatory action research on batik industry based on "putting-out" system in cluster batik in Central Java from gender perspectives. The transformation model was used to promote POS and HW and to seek recognition of the facts that were based on system advantages and capacity enhancement of home-workers while enhancing product values through “fair trade” market. The implemented model has four components, namely: 1) development of innovation and technology that focused on product development, production, and marketing on the alternative market; 2) innovation and technological transfer in product development for better value chain and value added; 3) engineering and strengthening of production institutionalization, which is based on POS clusters; 4) engineering and strengthening of marketing institutionalization of alternative market; and 5) development and strengthening of vocal points that are related to and in support of the implementation. This model gave out positive impact on supporting the implementation of POS and POS roles and promoting this reality. As a model, however, this transformation model needed to be developed that it might be disseminated to a larger scale.

scholarly journals THE VALUE CHAIN OF FISH FOR FLOATING CAGES AND POND TECHNIQUES IN BAGHDAD PROVINCE

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
AL- Flujy & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Suitable Solution ◽  
The World ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
Revenue Production

The fish sector is considered an important  component of the economies of  many countries in the  world  including Arab countries . This work is considered as the  first  attempt to study value  chain for fish in Iraq. The objective of  this  study is  to identify the main problems and  constraints  facing    different  channels  or  links  the  value  chain of  fish, and  to analyse  revenue, production costs, and to  calculate some  quantitative  indicators  like  value  added . The results  showed  that  average  value  added  of  the  different  links are amount: 22.13dinars/kg, 1007.7 dinar/kg, 242.9 dinar/kg and 1023.5 dinars/kg from each links hatcheries, producers, wholesalers and  retailers , the  results also showed  that  the share  of  different  links from value chain  for average value  additionrs  as  follows : 0.96% for  hatcheries link , 43.8% for producer link , 10.6% for  wholesalers  link and 44.6%  for  retailers  link. While  cages producers  added  68.5%  from average  value  added  it is amount  2796. 9 dinar/ kg on level techniques  of  floating cages . The study also identifis the main challenges and  problems  facing  each link in chain  value  and  forward  the  suitable  solution  and  recommendation  for  government  Authorities and private sector  in  order  to  increase the  efficiency of  fish  in  Iraq .  

scholarly journals Value Stream Analysis of Fresh-Cut Vegetables in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. p112
Author(s):  
Shakila Salam ◽  
Mousumi Saha ◽  
Mahmuda Nasrin
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Value Stream ◽  
A Value ◽  
Market Situation ◽  
Green Pea ◽  
Fresh Cut

Fresh-cut vegetable is a value added product and its demand shows remarkable growth tendency in Bangladesh. The study specifically examined the roles of value chain actors, value addition through marketing system and evaluating prospects of fresh-cut vegetables. Data obtained from a total of 103 vegetable customers (from Dhaka city), 10 outlet managers of SHWAPNO supermarket (from Dhaka city), 20 vegetable growers and 35 marketing intermediaries by using purposive sampling technique. Among available fresh-cut vegetables, 5 vegetables named taro root, amaranth stem, taro root stem, green pea and bean seed are considered in this study. Using marketing margin and value added models; the results indicate that each actor along the value chain starting from farmer to retailer (supermarket) added a significant amount of value. Processor and supermarket added highest value among all selected fresh-cut vegetables’ value chain actors. There is enough scope to develop specific channel for fresh-cut vegetable marketing. Moreover, the evaluation results of SWOT analysis accurately reflected the fresh-cut vegetable market situation which made it possible to assess the potentiality and identify strategies for development of this market in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals THE VALUE CHAIN OF FISH TECHNIQUES OF FLOATING CAGES AND PONDS IN DEUANYA PROVINCE

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
AL- FLUJy & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The World ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
Revenue Production

The fish sector is considered an important component of the economies of  many countries in the world  including  Arab countries. It is also considered an important component of  food security. This work is considered as the first attempt to study value chain for fish in Iraq. The objective of this study is to identify the main problems and constrains facing different  links in the  value chain of  fish, and to analyse revenue, production costs, and to calculate some  quantitative indicators  like value added. The results showed that average value added of the  different links is amount to: 22.2dinars/kg , 2012.7 dinar/kg, 109.3 dinar/kg, 872.3 dinars/kg from each links hatcheries, producers, wholesalers and retailers. The results also showed that  the share of different links from value chain for average total value additionrs as follows: 0.73% for  hatcheries link, 66.7% for producer link , 3.6% for wholesalers link, and 28.9%  for retailers link. While cages producers added 65.5% from average value added it is amount to  2912. 7 dinar/ kg; on the level techniques cages floating. The study also identifis the main  challenges and problems facing each link in chain value and forward the suitable solution  and recommendation for government authorities and private sector in order to increase the  efficiency of  fish  in  Iraq.

scholarly journals The fragmented nature of the titanium metal value chain

2020 ◽  
Vol 120 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
R.N. Roux ◽  
E. Van der Lingen ◽  
A.P. Botha ◽  
A.E. Botes
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Titanium Metal ◽  
Technology Markets ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Titanium Industry ◽  
Titanium Processing

SYNOPSIS This study investigates the fragmented nature of the global and local titanium metal value chains. South Africa has the fourth most abundant titanium reserves in the world. However, South Africa mainly exports titanium ore and imports value-added titanium products, which impacts the potential to derive more economic benefit from this resource. For South Africa to benefit from its titanium reserves, an understanding of the current fragmented nature of the global titanium value chain would assist in entering the global titanium industry. Information on the global and South African titanium value chains was collected by means of a desktop study. It was found that the leading countries operating within both the upstream and the downstream titanium industry are the USA, China, Japan, Russia, and Kazakhstan. The key drivers that caused fragmentation were identified as technology, markets, production costs, and the availability of titanium mineral reserves. An important outcome of this study is the identification of the local need for a technological foundation in support of downstream titanium processing to market-competitive titanium mill and powder products. Keywords: fragmentation, titanium, titanium value chain.

THE VALUE CHAIN OF COMPETENCY MODEL FOR VIETNAMESE EDUCATIONAL MANAGERS IN THE INDUSTRY 4.0 REVOLUTION ERA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Thi My Hanh ◽  
Luis Alfaro ◽  
Tran Phuong Thao
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Social ◽  
Comprehensive Development ◽  
Model Of Competency ◽  
Personal Competencies

This world is constantly changing and rapidly moving,-particular in the Industry 4.0 revolution, people must change to follow and keeping with this new trend. Education is the human foundation toward the “Truth - Good - Beautiful”, and comprehensive development of personal competencies as knowledge, skills and behaviors. A nation, such as Vietnam, if they want to integrate into global economy and affirming their position, they will need the “Talented - Virtuous” human resource who could meet the high demand of society. The purpose of this study was to propose a model of competency value chain at individual level for the educational managers, analyzing some factors of this value chain model and how to apply to Vietnamese education system in the fourth Industry era. The authors wanted to focus on the social value added that the educational managers’competency could bring as the result of this research.

PEMETAAN TEKNOLOGI INDUSTRI KELAPA SAWIT NASIONAL DAN KEBIJAKAN PENGEMBANGANNYA

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Subiyanto Subiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Missing Value ◽  
Technology Capability ◽  
The Government

Palm oil industry in Indonesia has been growing rapidly. But, unfortunately the growth is only effective on upstream industry with low value products, such that potential downstream value added are not explored proportionally. The government is therefore in the process of developing an appropriate policy to strengthen the national palm oil downstream industry. This paper proposes that an approriate policy for developing palm oil downstream industry could be derived from the maps of value chain and existing technology capability of the industry. The result recommends that government policy should emphasize on the supply of raw materials, infrastructure and utilities, as well as developing the missing value chain industry, especially ethoxylation and sulfonation.

scholarly journals Models to inform neutralizing antibody therapy strategies during pandemics: the case of SARS-CoV-2

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-71
Author(s):  
Donovan Guttieres ◽  
Anthony J Sinskey ◽  
Stacy L Springs
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Antibody Therapy ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Production Scale ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Critical Components

Abstract Background Neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) can play an important role in reducing impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, complementing ongoing public health efforts such as diagnostics and vaccination. Rapidly designing, manufacturing and distributing nAbs requires significant planning across the product value chain and an understanding of the opportunities, challenges and risks throughout. Methods A systems framework comprised of four critical components is presented to aid in developing effective end-to-end nAbs strategies in the context of a pandemic: (1) product design and optimization, (2) epidemiology, (3) demand and (4) supply. Quantitative models are used to estimate product demand using available epidemiological data, simulate biomanufacturing operations from typical bioprocess parameters and calculate antibody production costs to meet clinical needs under various realistic scenarios. Results In a US-based case study during the 9-month period from March 15 to December 15, 2020, the projected number of SARS-CoV-2 infections was 15.73 million. The estimated product volume needed to meet therapeutic demand for the maximum number of clinically eligible patients ranged between 6.3 and 31.5 tons for 0.5 and 2.5 g dose sizes, respectively. The relative production scale and cost needed to meet demand are calculated for different centralized and distributed manufacturing scenarios. Conclusions Meeting demand for anti-SARS-CoV-2 nAbs requires significant manufacturing capacity and planning for appropriate administration in clinical settings. MIT Center for Biomedical Innovation’s data-driven tools presented can help inform time-critical decisions by providing insight into important operational and policy considerations for making nAbs broadly accessible, while considering time and resource constraints.

scholarly journals The Intra-EU Value Chain: An Approach to Its Economic Dimension and Environmental Impact

Economies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Óscar Rodil-Marzábal ◽  
Hugo Campos-Romero
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Output Analysis ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Development Levels ◽  
European Economies

This paper aims to analyze the economic dimension and environmental impact of intra-EU value-added generation linked to global value chains (GVCs) through input-output analysis. For this purpose, information has been collected from TiVA (Trade in Value Added, OECD) and Eora databases for the years 2005 and 2015. From an economic perspective, the results point to a strengthening of the value-added generated within Factory Europe. From an environmental perspective, all EU28 members have reduced their exports-related impacts in intensity-emissions terms, but not all of them in the same degree. An approach to the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) has also been carried out through a panel data model. The results show a positive impact of the participation in intra-EU value chain (Factory Europe) on CO2 emissions per capita. Further, an inverted U-shaped curve for CO2 emissions is found for the period 2005–15. In this sense, European economies with lower development levels (many Eastern and Southern countries) seem to be still on the rising segment of the curve, while the more developed ones seem to be on the decreasing segment. These results highlight the need to design global monitoring and prevention mechanisms to tackle growing environmental challenges and the need to incorporate specific actions associated with the GVCs activity.

scholarly journals Conventional and Alternative Sources of Thermal Energy in the Production of Cement—An Impact on CO2 Emission

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1539
Author(s):  
Karolina Wojtacha-Rychter ◽  
Piotr Kucharski ◽  
Adam Smolinski
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Clinker Production

The article evaluates the reduction of carbon dioxide emission due to the partial substitution of coal with alternative fuels in clinker manufacture. For this purpose, the calculations were performed for seventy waste-derived samples of alternative fuels with variable calorific value and variable share in the fuel mixture. Based on annual clinker production data of the Polish Cement Association and the laboratory analysis of fuels, it was estimated that the direct net CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion alone were 543 Mg of CO2 per hour. By contrast with the full substitution of coal with alternative fuels (including 30% of biomass), the emission ranged from 302 up to 438 Mg of CO2 per hour, depending on fuel properties. A reduction of 70% in the share of fossil fuels resulted in about a 23% decrease in net emissions. It was proved that the increased use of alternative fuels as an additive to the fuel mix is also of economic importance. It was determined that thanks to the combustion of 70% of alternative fuels of calorific value from 15 to 26 MJ/kg, the hourly financial profit gain due to avoided CO2 emission and saved 136 megatons of coal totaled an average of 9718 euros. The results confirmed that the co-incineration of waste in cement kilns can be an effective, long-term way to mitigate carbon emissions and to lower clinker production costs. This paper may constitute a starting point for future research activities and specific case studies in terms of reducing CO2 emissions.

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