Impact of cultivar, row spacing and seeding rate on ascochyta blight severity and yield of chickpea

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. F. Chang ◽  
H. U. Ahmed ◽  
S. F. Hwang ◽  
B. D. Gossen ◽  
R. J. Howard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Ascochyta Blight ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Plant Population Density ◽  
Wide Row Spacing

Field trials to assess the impact of chickpea type (desi vs. kabuli), row spacing and seeding rate on ascochyta blight of chickpea were conducted over 2 yr at Brooks, Alberta. A compound-leaved desi chickpea cultivar and unifoliate kabuli cultivar were sown at 20, 30 and 40 cm row spacing, and at three seeding rates (20, 40 and 60 seeds per 3 m row). Most of the variation in disease severity was associated with differences between the cultivars. Seeding rate, row spacing and their interactions had substantially smaller effects on ascochyta blight in comparison with cultivar effects. Late in the growing season, blight severity was consistently lower in the desi than the kabuli cultivar. Wide row spacing and low seeding rate reduced ascochyta blight severity and increased seed yield per plant. Wide row spacing in the first year reduced the seed yield per hectare, but row spacing did not significantly affect yield in 2005. Low in-row seeding rates increased yield only in 2004. There was a positive linear relationship between plant density and blight severity, and a negative relationship between yield per plant and both plant density and disease severity. We conclude that reduced plant population density could be one tool in a program to manage ascochyta blight of chickpea. Key words: Cicer arietinum, plant population density, ascochyta blight, yield

Effect of plant density and row spacing on the yield of chickpea (cv. Tyson) grown on the Darling Downs, south-eastern Queensland

1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
DF Beech ◽  
GJ Leach
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Plant Population Density

Growth and yield of chickpea, Cicer arietinum cv. Tyson, were studied at 4 row spacings (180, 360, 530 and 710 mm) and 4 plant population densities (14, 28, 42 and 56 plants m-2) in factorial combination in a wet and a dry growing season on a vertisol at Dalby, south-eastern Queensland. In both years, row spacing had only a small effect on above-ground dry matter production and yield, and there were no significant interactions between row spacing and plant population density. Above-ground dry matter production increased significantly with increase in plant population density for about 120 days after sowing. Seed yield increased significantly from 104 to 126 g m-2 in the drier season (106 mm rain, May-October) with increase in plant population density from 14 to 56 plants m-2. In the wetter season (286 mm rain, May- October), the corresponding trend in yield was from 262 to 287 g m-2. The response was attributed chiefly to larger seed size in the wet year, and higher harvest index in the dry year. We conclude that a density of at least 40 plants m-2 is required to attain maximum seed yield in southeastern Queensland. Although row spacing had no significant effect on yield, our earlier research indicated potential benefits from narrow row spacing, particularly for mechanised crop production.

The effect of varying plant population density on the seed yield of Navy beans (Phaseolus vulgaris)in south-east Enland

1977 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 567-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Scarisbrick ◽  
J. M. Wilkes ◽  
R. Kempson
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Navy Beans ◽  
Plant Population Density

SUMMARYNavy beans were precision drilled in 1973–5 at a range of plant population densities. Within each growing season the density treatments did not influence seed yield, but mean yields differed significantly between years. The results suggest that cultivars similar to Purley King can only be regarded as a reliable break crop in a season such as 1973 which was slightly warmer and drier in mid-summer than average. Although the rate of drying increased with increasing plant density in two of the growing seasons, no practical advantages are proposed.

Grain Yield Gains and Associated Traits in Tropical X Temperate Maize Germplasm Under High and Low Plant Density

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vince Ndou ◽  
Edmore Gasura ◽  
Pauline Chivenge ◽  
John Derera
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Genetic Gains ◽  
Maize Germplasm ◽  
High Plant Density ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Plant Population Density

Abstract Development of ideal breeding and crop management strategies that can improve maize grain yield under tropical environments is crucial. In the temperate regions, such yield improvements were achieved through use of genotypes that adapt high plant population density stress. However, tropical germplasm has poor tolerance to high plant population density stress, and thus it should be improved by temperate maize. The aim of this study was to estimate the genetic gains and identify traits associated with such gains in stable and high yielding temperate x tropical hybrids under low and high plant population densities. A total of 200 hybrids derived from a line x tester mating design of tropical x temperate germplasm were developed. These hybrids were evaluated for grain yield and allied traits under varied plant population densities. High yielding and stable hybrids, such as 15XH214, 15XH215 and 15XH121 were resistant to lodging and had higher number of leaves above the cob. The high genetic gains of 26% and desirable stress tolerance indices of these hybrids made them better performers over check hybrids under high plant population density. At high plant population density yield was correlated to stem lodging and number of leaves above the cob. Future gains in grain yield of these hybrids derived from temperate x tropical maize germplasm can be achieved by exploiting indirect selection for resistance to stem lodging and increased number of leaves above the cob under high plant density conditions.

scholarly journals Crop density and seed production of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreber). 1. Yield and plant development

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Fairey ◽  
L. P. Lefkovitch
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Initial Density ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Crop Density

A field study was conducted with tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreber) to determine the effect of the initial population density and spatial arrangement of plants on crop development and seed yield. Individual seedling plants were transplanted at seven densities (1.6, 3.1, 6.3, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 plants m−2) and three row spacings (20, 40, and 80 cm), and characteristics of seed production were determined for 3 yr (1991–1993). Over the 3 yr, heading commenced at dates differing by 15 d and was delayed, as density increased, by 8, 6, and 2 d, respectively, in the first, second, and third production years. The time of seed maturity differed among years (21 July to 4 August) but was generally unaffected by density or row spacing. In the first production year, seed yield increased with density up to 25 plants m−2 for each row spacing, then remained constant to at least 50 plants m−2 with both 20- or 40-cm rows; it decreased slightly at 100 plants m−2 with 20 cm rows. In the second production year, seed yield was relatively independent of plant density except that it decreased when the initial density was less than 6 plants m−2 with a row spacing of 80 cm, and tended to be greatest with the 40-cm row spacing at 6–25 plants m−2. In the third production year, seed yield was much lower than in the previous 2 yr but the pattern of response to the density and row spacing treatments was similar to that in the second production year. The seed yield of tall fescue can be optimized for at least 3 consecutive years by establishing an initial density of 20–100 plants m−2 in rows spaced 20–60 cm apart. If the maximization of first-year seed yield is a priority, then the initial establishment should be at a density of 25–50 plants m−2 in rows spaced 20–40 cm apart. Key words: Tall fescue, Festuca arundinacea Schreber, population density, plant spacing, seed production

Optimum plant population density for chickpea and dry pea in a semiarid environment

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. T. Gan ◽  
P. R. Miller ◽  
B. G. McConkey ◽  
R. P. Zentner ◽  
P. H. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Wheat Stubble ◽  
Plant Population Density ◽  
Field Emergence ◽  
Seed Yields

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), an annual grain legume, is being broadly included in cereal-based cropping systems throughout the semiarid Canadian prairies, but information on optimum plant population density (PPD) has not been developed for this region. This study, which was conducted from 1998 to 2000 in southwestern Saskatchewan, determined the effect of PPD on field emergence, seed yield and quality, and harvestability of kabuli and desi chickpea compared with dry pea (Pisum sativum L.). Seed yields of all legumes increased with increasing PPD when the crops were grown on conventional summerfallow. The PPD that produced the highest seed yields ranged from 40 to 45 plants m-2 for kabuli chickpea, from 45 to 50 plants m-2 for desi chickpea, and from 75 to 80 plants m-2 for dry pea. When the legumes were grown on wheat stubble, the PPD that gained optimum seed yield ranged from 35 to 40 plants m-2 for kabuli chickpea, from 40 to 45 plants m-2 for desi chickpea, and from 65 to 70 plants m-2 for dry pea. The proportion of large-sized (>9-mm diameter) seed in the harvested seed was >70% when the kabuli chickpea was grown on summerfallow regardless of PPD, whereas the large-seed proportion decreased with increasing PPD when the crop was grown on wheat stubble. Increases in PPD advanced plant maturity by 1.5 to 3.0 d and increased the height of the lowest pods from the soil surface by 1.4 to 2.0 cm (or 5 to 10%), with desi chickpea receiving the greatest benefits from increased PPD. The percentage of plants established from viable seeds per unit area decreased substantially as PPD increased, with kabuli chickpea emergence decreasing from 90% at PPD = 20 plants m-2 to 72% at PPD = 50 plants m-2, from 81 to 69% for desi type, and from 83 to 59% for dry pea . The reason for the low field emergence with increased PPD is unknown, but methods which lead to improved field emergence represent a great opportunity to increase seed yield and reduce production costs for both chickpea and dry pea in this semiarid region. Key words: seed size, Cicer arietinum, Pisum sativum, seeding rate, summerfallow

Effects of Population Density on Yields of Two Soyabean (Glycine max) Varieties in Ghana Forest Zone

1977 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Osafo
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Forest Zone ◽  
Plant Population Density ◽  
Crop Stand

SUMMARYSeed yield in two soyabean varieties—one tall (Improved Pelican) and one short (V/1)—was mainly determined by the total number of main stem and branch pods produced when plant population density varied from 5·4 to 16·2 plants/m2. An increasing percentage of the pods was found on the main stems of Improved Pelican as the crop stand became denser.

COMBINAÇÃO DE ESPAÇAMENTO ENTRELINHAS E DENSIDADE POPULACIONAL NO AUMENTO DA PRODUTIVIDADE EM MILHO

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 440
Author(s):  
RAFAEL BOIAGO ◽  
RENATO GARCIA ◽  
ADILSON RICKEN SCHUELTER ◽  
RAFAEL BARRETO ◽  
GLACY JAQUELINE DA SILVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Main Effects

RESUMO - Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos do arranjo espacial e da densidade de semeadura na produtividade de cinco híbridos de milho, em dois locais no cultivo de verão. Foram utilizados espaçamentos de 80 cm e de 45 cm entrelinhas, e densidades de semeadura de 42.000, 52.000, 62.000 e 85.000 plantas ha-1. As avaliações foram conduzidas em Cascavel-PR e em Rio Verde-GO. Foram observados efeitos significativos para os fatores principais (híbrido, espaçamento entrelinhas e densidade), mas não foram observadas interações entre os fatores, com exceção da interação densidade x híbrido em Rio Verde. Houve maior efeito do espaçamento entrelinhas do que da densidade populacional na produtividade de todos os híbridos. No espaçamento de 45 cm entrelinhas, os híbridos produziram, em média, 36% a mais do que no espaçamento de 80 cm, nos dois locais avaliados. Houve aumento de produtividade com aumento da densidade de semeadura até 75 mil plantas ha-1 em Cascavel, e até 85 mil plantas ha-1 em Rio Verde. Palavras-chave: Zea mays, arranjo espacial de plantas, sistemas de cultivo. COMBINING ROW SPACING AND POPULATION DENSITY IN INCREASING MAIZE YIELD  ABSTRACT - This study aimed to evaluate the effects of spatial arrangement and plant density from five corn hybrids at two locations in the summer season. Row spacing used were 80 cm and 45 cm between rows and plant densities were 42,000, 52,000, 62,000 and 85,000 plants ha-1. The evaluations were conducted in Cascavel, State of Paraná, and Rio Verde, State of Goiás, Brazil. Significant effects were observed for the main effects (hybrid, row spacing and density), but there were no interactions between the main effects, with the exception of the interaction between density x hybrid in Rio Verde. There was a greater effect of row spacing than the population density on yield of all hybrids. With the row spacing at 45 cm the hybrids yielded, on average, 36% more than at a spacing of 80 cm, in the two locations. There was a trend for increased productivity with increased seeding rate up to 75,000 plants ha-1 in Cascavel, and up to 85,000 plants ha-1 in Rio Verde. Keywords: Zea mays, spatial arrangements, cultivation systems.

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