A method for screening soybean seedlings for resistance to northern stem canker caused by Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 443-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Thickett ◽  
J. VanDerWal ◽  
L. Lovett-Doust ◽  
T. R. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Screening Method ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
Susceptible Variety ◽  
Lesion Length ◽  
Resistance Screening ◽  
Soybean Seedlings ◽  
Diaporthe Phaseolorum ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Canker Development ◽  
Cut Surface

Five soybean varieties, Williams, Harosoy, AC Hime, Coles and Leo were inoculated 2 and 4 wk after planting with Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora to determine if differences in resistance to stem canker could be detected in the early stages of plant development. Seedling stems were severed above the unifoliolate leaves and inoculum was applied to the cut surface. Stem lesion lengths were measured at 1, 2 and 3 wk following inoculation. The mean lesion length on seedlings inoculated 2 wk after planting (27.2 mm) was significantly less than seedlings inoculated 4 wk after planting (44.5 mm). Based on mean lesion length, Williams was the most susceptible variety followed by Harosoy. AC Hime, Coles and Leo were equally resistant. Stem canker development measured at 2 and 3 wk following inoculation was negatively correlated with stem moisture at the time of inoculation suggesting that stem moisture is important in the development and severity of stem canker. Key words: Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora, Glycine max, inoculation method, northern stem canker, resistance, screening method

scholarly journals First Report of Soybean Stem Canker Caused by Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora in Argentina

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. Pioli ◽  
E. N. Morandi ◽  
V. Bisaro
Keyword(s):  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Santa Fe ◽  
First Report ◽  
Soybean Seedlings ◽  
Diaporthe Phaseolorum ◽  
Soybean Plants

A soybean stem canker (SSC) outbreak caused by Diaporthe phaseolorum (Cooke & Ellis) Sacc. var. meridionalis Fernández was reported in Santa Fe, Argentina, in 1997 (3). In 1999 an isolate, which was morphologically distinct from D. phaseolorum var. meridionalis, was obtained from stems of field-grown soybean plants exhibiting SSC symptoms, at Oliveros, Santa Fe, Argentina (Lat. 32° 33′S, Lon. 60° 51′W). Disease incidence was 76% in the field where samples were collected. The pathogen was isolated in darkness at 25°C on potatoglucose agar acidified with 0.2% lactic acid (3). The isolate produced white colonies with compact and tufted mycelium that changed to yellow and light tan with age. Stromata and pycnidia were not produced. After 35 days in culture, clustered perithecia were frequently observed on stem segments. Fifty asci, five from each of 10 perithecia, and bicellular, biguttulated ascospores were measured. Ascus mean length was 26.9 ± 2.5 μm and width was 5.3 ± 0.5 μm; ascospore mean length was 8.3 ± 0.6 μm and width was 2.6 ± 0.1μm. Based on these features, the new isolate was classified as D. phaseolorum var. caulivora Athou & Caldwell (1). To further compare the new isolate with previous identified ones, a principal component analysis (PCA, SAS Systems) was performed using seven isolates of D. phaseolorum var. meridionalis, three isolates of D. phaseolorum var. sojae, and two isolates of Phomopsis longicolla. Seventeen morphological characters, all related with the color and texture of the colonies, the presence and shape of the pycnidia and conidia, the presence and type of stromata and perithecia, and the length of the asci, were compared. According to the PCA analysis, the principal characters that discriminated SSC producing isolates (D. phaseolorum var. meridionalis and D. phaseolorum var. caulivora) from non-SSC producing ones (D. phaseolorum var. sojae and P. longicolla) were the development of perithecia (r = 0.98) and low frequency stromata (r = 0.98) in D. phaseolorum var. meridionalis and D. phaseolorum var. caulivora isolates. The principal components that discriminated SSC producing isolates were the more compact and tufted aspect of the mycelia (r = 0.95) and the shorter length of the asci (r = 0.83) in D. phaseolorum var. caulivora compared with D. phaseolorum var. meridionalis. Pathogenicity trials were performed under greenhouse conditions by inoculating D. phaseolorum var. caulivora mycelia in hypocotyls of soybean seedlings by the toothpick method (2). Typical SSC symptoms were observed on susceptible plants and the pathogen was re-isolated and identified from stem portions of the first internode above the inoculation point. Pathogenicity trials were repeated twice with similar results. This is the first report of D. phaseolorum var. caulivora in Argentina and, as far as we know, in all of South America. References: (1) F. A. Fernández et al. 1999. Stem canker. Pages 32–35 in: Compendium of Soybean Diseases, 4th ed. APS Press, St. Paul, MN. (2) B. L. Keeling. Phytopathology 72:807–809, 1982. (3) R. N. Pioli et al. Plant Dis. 81:1215, 1997.

scholarly journals First Report of Diaporthe phaseolorum var. meridionalis on Soybean Seeds from Ghana

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
pp. 1401-1401 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. A. Asante ◽  
H. Wolffhechel ◽  
E. de Neergaard
Keyword(s):  
African Country ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Soybean Seedlings ◽  
Diaporthe Phaseolorum ◽  
Light Darkness ◽  
Blotter Paper ◽  
Agro Ecological Zones

Fifty-nine soybean samples (Glycine max) of various varieties, grown in various agro-ecological zones of Ghana, and harvested in 1995 and 1996, were collected during May through June 1996 and sent to Denmark for analysis. Seed samples were analyzed by the blotter method: seeds were placed on three layers of moistened blotter paper in petri dishes, 10 seeds per dish, 200 or 400 seeds per sample. The seeds were incubated for 7 days at 22 ± 2°C, exposed to alternating cycles of 12 h NUV-light and 12 h darkness. Subsequently, they were analyzed microscopically for fungal infection. Phomopsis spp. were detected in 68% of the samples, at infection levels ranging from 0.25 to 21.0% (mean 3.4%). One to five isolates of Phomopsis spp. were selected at random and cultured on potato dextrose agar acidified to pH 4.5 with 90% lactic acid (APDA) for identification to species. Isolates were cultured on APDA, with and without sterile soybean stem pieces, under either NUV-light/darkness or artificial daylight/darkness cycles. Of 103 isolates, 101 isolates produced only pycnidia and were identified as P. longicolla T. W. Hobbs based on the production of aggregated pycnidia with prominent beaks (2). Seventy-seven of these isolates produced only alpha conidia whereas 24 isolates produced both alpha and beta conidia, which differs from the description by Hobbs et al. (2). Two isolates from one seed sample produced perithecia but no pycnidia. Perithecia were evenly scattered in the colony, 200 to 350 × 250 to 400 μm, and had a beak of 900 to 1500 μm. Apical beak width was 60 to 110 μm, basal beak width 70 to 120 μm. Asci were 25.0 to 37.5 × 5.0 to 7.5 μm. Ascospores were two-celled, biguttulate in each cell, and 10.0 to 12.5 × 2.5 to 4.0 μm. Based on the description by Fernández and Hanlin (1), these isolates were identified as Diaporthe phaseolorum (Cooke & Ellis) Sacc. var. meridionalis Fernández (DPM), the causal agent of southern stem canker of soybean, which has not previously been reported from any African country. Ten 14-day-old soybean seedlings were inoculated with an isolate identified as DPM by the toothpick method (3) and two seedlings inoculated with sterile toothpicks served as controls. Local expanding lesions formed after 1 week on all plants at the point of inoculation with DPM; 2 weeks after inoculation, the pathogen was reisolated from all lesions by plating stem pieces, surface sterilized in 1% NaOCl, on APDA. In control plants no lesions were seen and no mycelial growth occurred from stem pieces plated on APDA. References: (1) F. A. Fernández and R. T. Hanlin. Mycologia 88:425, 1996. (2) T. W. Hobbs et al. Mycologia 77:535, 1985. (3) B. L. Keeling. Phytopathology 72:807, 1982.

scholarly journals First Report of Northern Stem Canker of Soybean Caused by Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora in North Dakota

Plant Disease ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 687-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Bradley ◽  
S. Li
Keyword(s):  
North Dakota ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
American Phytopathological Society ◽  
First Report ◽  
Diaporthe Phaseolorum ◽  
Production Area ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
The One ◽  
Soybean Diseases

In early September 2003, patches of soybean (Glycine max) plants in a field in Foster County, ND had dead branches with reddish brown cankers at the nodes. Stem tissue with cankers from two plants were excised and immersed in a 0.5% NaOCl solution for 1 min, rinsed with sterilized distilled water, and placed into Petri dishes containing potato dextrose agar (PDA) amended with streptomycin sulfate (200 mg/liter). Four fungi were hyphal tipped and grown on PDA, acidified PDA, or water agar (WA) with soybean stem pieces incubated at 21°C with 24-h light and identified by culture and spore morphology after 3 to 4 weeks. Cultures were identified as Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora that produced white colonies with interspersed cottony tufts of mycelium on PDA (1). Stromata were small and scattered irregulary on the plate. Perithecia of the D. phaseolorum var. caulivora isolates were black and globose with eight-spored asci formed on soybean stem pieces on WA. To confirm pathogenicity of the D. phaseolorum var. caulivora isolates, soybean plants (cv. NuTech 0606) were grown in the greenhouse and inoculated with recovered D. phaseolorum var. caulivora isolates. The stems of soybean plants at the V3 stage were excised just below the fourth node. Mycelia plugs of the four different 1-week-old cultures of D. phaseolorum var. caulivora were placed into the large end of disposable micropipette tips (200 μl). The micropipette tip containing a D. phaseolorum var. caulivora culture was subsequently placed over a cut soybean stem. The four D. phaseolorum var. caulivora isolates were used to inoculate 10 stems apiece. To serve as controls, 10 cut soybean stems were inoculated with micropipette tips containing plugs of noninfested PDA and 10 cut stems were not inoculated. Ten days after inoculation, micropipette tips were removed and lesions that had developed on the stem were measured. The mean lesion lengths of the D. phaseolorum var. caulivora inoculated stems ranged from 48 to 82 mm and were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) greater than the lesion lengths of the noninfested PDA (3 mm) and no PDA (1 mm) controls. Northern stem canker was only observed in the one field; however, surveys were not conducted to determine the prevalence of the disease throughout the soybean-production area of North Dakota. To our knowledge, this is the first report of northern stem canker on soybean in North Dakota. Reference: (1) F. A. Fernandez et al. Stem canker. Pages 33–35 in: Compendium of Soybean Diseases. 4th ed. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN, 1999.

Infection of different plant parts of soybean seedlings by southern Diaporthe phaseolorum and its role in the development of stem canker symptoms

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 2104-2108 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Ploetz ◽  
F. M. Shokes
Keyword(s):  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Symptom Development ◽  
Canker Disease ◽  
Soybean Seedlings ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Diaporthe Phaseolorum ◽  
Leaf Infection ◽  
Positive Correlations

Leaves, petioles, petiole bases, and stems of 'Hutton' soybean seedlings (V5-V6) were inoculated with ascospores and α-conidia of southern Diaporthe phaseolorum to determine the relative importance of these plant parts as infection sites. This objective was accomplished in two experiments either by removing certain plant parts after inoculation and incubation for infection (48 h) or by protecting plant parts from infection during inoculation and incubation of plants. In both cases, plant parts were assayed for infection 48 h after inoculation and after plants had reached the R3 growth stage (66 and 56 days after inoculation for experiments 1 and 2, respectively); symptom development was rated at the end of each experiment. Significant, positive correlations were detected between the incidence and severity of symptoms and the infection of either stems 48 h after inoculation (P < 0.01 and 0.05, respectively) or petiole bases at the end of the experiments (P < 0.001 and 0.01, respectively). Development of symptoms was not significantly correlated (P ≥ 0.05) with infection of petioles, petiole bases, or leaves 48 h after inoculation. These results suggest an important and causal role for infection of petiole bases and stems in the development of the symptoms of this disease. Leaf infection appears to be unimportant in the stem canker disease cycle in the southeastern United States.

Tele-ophthalmology for screening for eye diseases in older patients with cognitive complaints

2020 ◽  
pp. 1357633X1989388
Author(s):  
Anne-Sophie Boureau ◽  
Helene Masse ◽  
Guillaume Chapelet ◽  
Laure de Decker ◽  
Pascal Chevalet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Eye Diseases ◽  
Ophthalmological Examination ◽  
Cognitive Complaints ◽  
The Mean ◽  
To Come ◽  
Retinal Photographs

Introduction Population-based studies show a significant increase in the prevalence of visual impairment in older patients. However, older patients and patients with lower Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores have few ophthalmological assessments. The main objective of our study was to evaluate the feasibility of tele-ophthalmological screening for ophthalmological diseases in older patients referred for cognitive assessment. Methods This monocentric prospective study included patients referred to a memory clinic for cognitive assessment. All patients underwent a geriatric assessment comprising a cognitive assessment associated with tele-ophthalmological screening undertaken by an orthoptist, including undilated retinal photography. The retinal photographs were subsequently sent to an ophthalmologist. We identified patients who were not eligible for ophthalmological assessment, for patients that had to come back due to poor-quality retinal photographs and finally for detected eye diseases. The association between the geriatric variable and newly detected eye diseases was analysed in univariable and multivariable analyses. Results The mean age of the 298 patients included was 83.5 years  ± 5.65; 29.5% were male. The mean MMSE score was 20.8 ± 5.2; 66.3% of patients had a diagnosis of dementia. Eighteen patients (6.0%) were not eligible for ophthalmological examination and 13 patients (4.6%) were asked to come back owing to poor-quality retinal photographs. Forty-one patients (13.7%) had a newly detected eye disease. In multivariable analysis, patients with a lower MMSE had significantly more newly identified eye diseases. Discussion The tele-ophthalmological screening method identified unknown ophthalmological diseases requiring specialised management in this older population with cognitive complaints.

Clinical Experience with a New Nitinol Self-Expanding Stent in Peripheral Arteries

1996 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Henry ◽  
Max Amor ◽  
Rafael Beyar ◽  
Isabelle Henry ◽  
Jean-Marc Porte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Results ◽  
Lesion Length ◽  
Secondary Patency ◽  
Peripheral Arteries ◽  
External Compression ◽  
Nitinol Stent ◽  
Nitinol Stents ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: To evaluate a new self-expanding nitinol coil stent in stenotic or occluded peripheral arteries. Methods: Seventy-three symptomatic patients (58 men; mean age 67 years) were treated with nitinol stents for lesions in the iliac artery (9 stenoses); superficial femoral artery (SFA) (39 stenoses, 6 occlusions); popliteal artery and tibioperoneal trunk (9 stenoses, 7 occlusions); and 3 bypass grafts. Mean diameter stenosis was 84.4% ± 9.9% (range 75% to 100%), and mean lesion length was 45 ± 23 mm (range 20 to 120 mm). Results: Eighty-eight 40-mm-long stents with diameters between 5 and 8 mm were implanted percutaneously for suboptimal dilation (n = 45); dissection (n = 21); and restenosis (n = 7). All stents but one were implanted successfully; the malpositioned stent was removed, and another stent was successfully deployed. There were 3 (4.1%) failures due to thrombosis at 24 hours. During the mean 16-month follow-up (range to 44 months), 4 restenoses (3 femoral, 1 popliteal) have occurred; 2 were treated with repeat dilation and 2 underwent bypass. Primary and secondary patency rates at 18 months were 87% and 90%, respectively, for all lesions (iliac: 100% for both; femoral: 85% and 88%; popliteal: 87% and 100%). Conclusions: This new nitinol stent seems to be safe and effective with favorable long-term results, even in distal SFA lesions and popliteal arteries. Its flexibility and resistance to external compression allow its placement in tortuous arteries and near joints.

Initial Clinical Experience with Percutaneous Atherectomy in the Infragenicular Arteries

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 987-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Zeller ◽  
Ulrich Frank ◽  
Karlheinz Bürgelin ◽  
Uwe Schwarzwälder ◽  
Peter-Christian Flügel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Balloon Angioplasty ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Peroneal Artery ◽  
Lesion Length ◽  
Anterior Tibial Artery ◽  
Tibial Artery ◽  
Below The Knee ◽  
Directional Atherectomy ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new atherectomy device for the treatment of infragenicular lesions in arteries with a reference diameter of at least 2.5 mm. Methods: Twenty-seven below-the-knee lesions in 17 patients (12 men; mean age 69±12 years) with chronic peripheral arterial occlusive disease were treated with directional atherectomy. The target lesion was in the popliteal artery (segment 3) in 2 (7%) cases, the tibioperoneal trunk in 12 (44%), the peroneal artery in 8 (30%), the anterior tibial artery in 2 (7%), and the posterior tibial artery in 3 (11%). Six (22%) of the lesions were in-stent stenoses. The mean diameter stenosis was 87%±9%, and the mean lesion length was 34±24 mm. Results: All but 2 (7%) of the lesions could be treated successfully (residual stenosis <30%) with the atherectomy catheter (93% technical success) using an average of 5±2 (range 1–10) passes of the device. Six lesions (22%) were treated after predilation and 21 (78%) with primary atherectomy. In 8 (30%) lesions, additional balloon angioplasty was performed. The 2 failures were in heavily calcified lesions through which the device could not pass despite predilation. The mean diameter stenosis after atherectomy was 14%±22% (range 0%–90%); after additional balloon angioplasty, the mean residual stenoses reduced to 12%±21% (range 0%–100%). One (6%) of the 2 patients who failed atherectomy sustained a thrombotic occlusion of the target vessel. This complication was treated successfully with local lysis, but the vessel reoccluded 3 days later; a stent was implanted. The mean ankle-brachial index increased from 0.50±0.27 to 0.86±0.40 before discharge. Conclusions: Below-the-knee native vessel lesions and in-stent restenoses with a diameter of at least 2.5 mm can be treated successfully and safely with this new atherectomy catheter. Additional balloon angioplasty was necessary in only a few cases.

scholarly journals Yield Loss Associated with Different Levels of Stem Rust Resistance in Bread Wheat

Plant Disease ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (12) ◽  
pp. 2531-2538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tegwe Soko ◽  
Cornelia M. Bender ◽  
Renée Prins ◽  
Zacharias A. Pretorius
Keyword(s):  
Stem Rust ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Susceptible Variety ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Disease Pressure ◽  
Different Levels

Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici race Ug99 (syn. TTKSK) has been identified as a major threat to wheat production based on its broad virulence. Despite its importance, the effect of Ug99 on different types of resistance in wheat has not been thoroughly researched. In field trials conducted with P. graminis f. sp. tritici race PTKST (Ug99 race group) over 2 years, AUDPC differentiated the moderately susceptible variety SC Stallion (515) and susceptible entries SC Nduna (995) and Line 37-07 (1634) from those with adult plant resistance (APR). AUDPC of APR varieties W1406 (256), W6979 (399), and Kingbird (209) was higher than the mean of 25 recorded for the all stage resistant (ASR) variety SC Sky. In fungicide-protected and unprotected plots, race PTKST resulted in a mean yield loss of 21.3%, with susceptible Line 37-03 recording a 47.9% decrease in grain yield. Yield reduction in APR varieties reached 19.5% in W1406, whereas the ASR control SC Sky showed a mean loss of 6.4%. Although APR reduced the effects of stem rust on yield and yield components under conditions of high disease pressure, it did not provide the same protection as effective ASR.

scholarly journals Systematic Analysis and Functional Validation of Citrus Pectin Acetylesterases (CsPAEs) Reveals that CsPAE2 Negatively Regulates Citrus Bacterial Canker Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 9429
Author(s):  
Qiang Li ◽  
Jia Fu ◽  
Xiujuan Qin ◽  
Wen Yang ◽  
Jingjing Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Susceptible Variety ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Bacterial Canker ◽  
Citrus Pectin ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Canker Disease ◽  
Potential Candidate Gene ◽  
Citrus Bacterial Canker ◽  
Canker Development

The present study was designed to serve as a comprehensive analysis of Citrus sinensis (C. sinensis) pectin acetylesterases (CsPAEs), and to assess the roles of these PAEs involved in the development of citrus bacterial canker (CBC) caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc) infection. A total of six CsPAEs were identified in the genome of C. sinensis, with these genes being unevenly distributed across chromosomes 3, 6, and 9, and the unassembled scaffolds. A subset of CsPAEs were found to be involved in responses to Xcc infection. In particular, CsPAE2 was identified to be associated with such infections, as it was upregulated in CBC-susceptible variety Wanjincheng and inversely in CBC-resistant variety Calamondin. Transgenic citrus plants overexpressing CsPAE2 were found to be more susceptible to CBC, whereas the silencing of this gene was sufficient to confer CBC resistance. Together, these findings provide evolutionary insights into and functional information about the CsPAE family. This study also suggests that CsPAE2 is a potential candidate gene that negatively contributes to bacterial canker disease and can be used to breed CBC-resistant citrus plants.

Endovascular first strategy for de novo TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus C and D femoro-popliteal disease: Mid-term outcomes from a single tertiary referral center

Vascular ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Lorne Grenville ◽  
Kong Teng Tan ◽  
Hadas Moshonov ◽  
Dheeraj Kumar Rajan
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Limb Ischemia ◽  
Transluminal Angioplasty ◽  
Study Patient ◽  
Lesion Length ◽  
Secondary Patency ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: Describe outcomes after endovascular intervention of TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus C and D femoro-popliteal disease. Materials and methods: Retrospective cohort study. Patient demographics, ankle-brachial indices, and lesion details were analyzed from a prospectively maintained database. In all, 980 limbs treated with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty ± stenting of the femoro-popliteal segment between 2005 and 2012 were reviewed. Seventy-six patients representing 83 limbs with de novo TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus C and D lesions measuring ≥15 cm continuously were identified (mean age 71.3 ± 12.1 years, 62% male). Results: Twenty-five (30.1%) limbs were treated for severe claudication and 58 (69.9%) for critical limb ischemia. The mean pre-procedural ankle-brachial index was 0.47 ± 0.19. The mean lesion length was 22.9 ± 4.82 cm. Seventy patients representing 77 limbs were available for a mean follow-up length of 19.5 months (range 0–79). The mean post-procedural ankle-brachial index was 0.71 ± 0.28. Primary, assisted-primary, and secondary patency rates were 68.1%, 72.7%, and 83.3% at 6 months, 55.3%, 63.6%, and 58.3% at 12 months, and 38.2%, unavailable, and 10.4% at 24 months, respectively. Conclusions: Angioplasty-first strategy for TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus C and D lesions of the femoro-popliteal artery can be safely performed. However, patency drastically decreases after 12 months suggesting further improvements are required to achieve longer-term clinical benefit.

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