Influence of agronomic traits on the expression of tissuespecific resistance to mycosphaerella blight in field pea

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Conner ◽  
S. -F. Hwang ◽  
S. M. Woods ◽  
K. F. Chang ◽  
D. J. Bing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Mycosphaerella Pinodes ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Late Maturity ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Crop Maturity

Mycosphaerella blight, caused by Mycosphaerella pinodes, is the most destructive disease of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) in western Canada. A 3-yr field study conducted at two field locations examined the effect of differences in lodging, growth stage and maturity on disease development among field pea cultivars that possess different forms of partial resistance. Significant differences in disease development, measured as area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), and as disease severity on the leaves, stems and pods were observed among the field pea cultivars. These measurements of disease development were only influenced by differences in crop maturity in 2005. Only cultivars that were either intermediate or late maturing had low disease severity ratings or AUDPC values. Differences in the degree of lodging had a small inconsistent effect on the mycosphaerella blight ratings. These results suggest that differences in maturity should be considered in order to avoid inadvertent selection for late maturity while evaluating field pea lines or cultivars for mycosphaerella blight resistance. Key words: Mycosphaerella pinodes, field pea, Pisum sativum, maturity, lodging.

Partial resistance to Mycosphaerella pinodes in field pea

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Xue ◽  
T. D. Warkentin
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Mycosphaerella Pinodes ◽  
Seed Infection ◽  
Low Area ◽  
Stem Infection ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Field Plots

The responses of 335 field pea lines originating from more than 30 countries to mycosphaerella blight caused by Mycosphaerella pinodes were evaluated in inoculated field plots in 1994 and 1995. Seven lines (Baccara, Carneval, Danto, Majoret, Miko, PI273605, and Yellowhead) with low area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) scores were identified. These seven lines, along with the resistant check, Radley, and the susceptible check, 89–195, were further examined for components of partial resistance to the disease in 1996 and 1998. Components evaluated were leaf area with symptoms (LAS), stem area with symptoms (SAS), pod area with symptoms (PAS), and percent seed infection (SI). Differences among pea lines were found in all components. Compared with the susceptible check, Carneval had significantly lower LAS, PAS, and SI in both years and was considered partially resistant to leaf, pod, and seed infection; Danto had significantly lower LAS, SAS, and PAS and was partially resistant to leaf, stem, and pod infection; Yellowhead had significantly lower SAS, PAS, and SI and was partially resistant to stem, pod, and seed infection; Majoret had significantly lower LAS and SAS and was partially resistant to leaf and stem infection; Miko had significantly lower SAS and PAS and was partially resistant to stem and pod infection; PI273605 had significantly lower PAS and SI and was partially resistant to pod and seed infection; and Baccara and Radley had significantly lower SAS and were partially resistant to stem infection only. Plots of Baccara and Yellowhead inoculated with M. pinodes-infected stubble had 10 and 17% reduction in yield, respectively, compared with non-inoculated and fungicide-treated plots and, thus, were considered tolerant to the disease. The remaining lines had yield reductions of 30 to 49%. Key words: Mycosphaerella blight, Mycosphaerella pinodes, Pisum sativum, field pea, partial resistance, disease tolerance

The relationships among lodging, stem anatomy, degree of lignification, and resistance to mycosphaerella blight in field pea (Pisum sativum)

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (8) ◽  
pp. 954-967 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Banniza ◽  
P Hashemi ◽  
T D Warkentin ◽  
A Vandenberg ◽  
A R Davis
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Cellulose Fibre ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Mycosphaerella Pinodes ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Stem Anatomy ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Biochemical Basis

The relationships among lodging, stem anatomy, degree of stem lignification, and resistance to mycosphaerella blight (Mycosphaerella pinodes (Berk. & Blox.) Vestergr.) in field pea (Pisum sativum L.) were investigated in field experiments in Saskatchewan from 2000 to 2002. Disease severity, lodging resistance, plant height, internode length and diameter, and the cellulose, lignin, and fibre contents of stems were measured from 9 (2000) and 20 (2001, 2002) cultivars of field pea. Significant differences were observed in resistance to mycosphaerella blight and lodging among cultivars. In all years, ‘AC Tamor’ was among those cultivars with the highest disease ratings and lodging scores, whereas ‘CDC Striker’, ‘Carneval’, and ‘Integra’ were among those with the lowest ratings. Disease severity was positively correlated with lodging scores of plants. Lodging was negatively correlated with the proportions of supportive tissue (formerly parenchyma cells in the pith periphery, which have differentiated to sclerenchyma) and xylem in stem sections, whereas disease ratings were negatively correlated with xylem. Lignin and fibre contents in pea stems were negatively correlated with both lodging and mycosphaerella blight severity. Cellulose content was also negatively correlated with lodging scores. This study establishes an anatomical and biochemical basis for further research into pea stem lodging and disease resistance. Key words: cellulose, fibre, lignin, sclerenchyma, supportive tissue, xylem.

Response of field pea cultivars to chlorothalonil in the control of mycosphaerella blight

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Xue ◽  
J. Charest ◽  
C. G. Davidson ◽  
D. W. McAndrew ◽  
D. J. Bing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Mycosphaerella Pinodes ◽  
Seed Infection ◽  
Fungicide Treatment ◽  
Disease Pressure

The efficacy of chlorothalonil in controlling mycosphaerella blight in field pea was evaluated from 1998 to 2000 using 10 cultivars representing different leaf types, market classes, seed sizes, plant heights, and maturities. Significant differences ( P < 0.05) were observed among cultivars in disease severity, yield, 1000-seed weight (TSW), and seed infection each year. Cultivar × fungicide treatment interactions for these parameters were not significant in any of the 3 yr. Under both chlorothalonil treated and untreated conditions, Radley was the most resistant, while Carrera and Keoma were equally the most susceptible cultivars. A higher efficacy of chlorothalonil treatments was observed in 1999 when disease severity was greater than in 1998 or 2000. On average, chlorothalonil treatments reduced disease severity significantly in 1999 and 2000, but not in 1998. Overall, the fungicide increased yield by 6.4%, and TSW by 0.9–5.1%, which were significant in 1998 and 1999, but not in 2000. Based on 2-yr assessments of seed infection by Mycosphaerella pinodes, chlorothalonil reduced seed infection by 19.2%, which was significant in 1999, but not in 2000. Chlorothalonil treatments provide a greater benefit in years when disease pressure and yield potential are high. Key words: Field pea, Pisum sativum, mycosphaerella blight, Mycosphaerella pinodes, chlorothalonil

AAC Asher field pea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dengjin Bing ◽  
Don Beauchesne ◽  
Debra L. McLaren ◽  
Richard Cuthbert ◽  
Hamid Naeem
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Mycosphaerella Pinodes ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Erysiphe Pisi ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

AAC Asher is a semi-leafless, medium to large seeded yellow cotyledon field pea (Pisum sativum L.) variety developed at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada. It has high yielding potential, early to medium maturity and good lodging resistance. AAC Asher has maturity of 94 days, and one-thousand-seed weight of 257 g. AAC Asher is resistant to powdery mildew (caused by Erysiphe pisi Syd.), moderately tolerant to mycosphaerella blight (caused by Mycosphaerella pinodes) and fusarium wilt (caused by Fusarium oxysporum). AAC Asher is adapted to all field growing regions in western Canada.

Fungicidal control of ascochyta blight of field pea

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Warkentin ◽  
K. Y. Rashid ◽  
A. G. Xue
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Ascochyta Blight ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Mycosphaerella Pinodes ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Pisum Sativum L

The use of fungicides for the control of ascochyta blight in field pea was investigated. Four fungicides were applied to the cultivars AC Tamor and Radley at two locations in Manitoba in 1993 and 1994. Fungicides were applied either once, twice, or three times at 10-d intervals, beginning at the initiation of flowering. Chlorothalonil and benomyl were effective m reducing the severity of ascochyta blight and increasing the yield and seed weight of field pea. The triple application of chlorothalonil resulted in a mean yield increase of 33% over that of the untreated control. Iprodione and propiconazole were relatively ineffective in controlling ascochyta blight. The percentage of seedborne ascochyta was not significantly affected by fungicide treatments. The severity of ascochyta blight was greater in 1993 that in 1994, resulting in greater benefits of chlorothalonil and benomyl applications in 1993. Key words: Field pea, Pisum sativum L., ascochyta blight, Mycosphaerella pinodes, fungicide

Effects of timings of inoculation with Mycosphaerella pinodes on yield and seed infection of field pea

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Xue ◽  
T. D. Warkentin ◽  
E. O. Kenaschuk
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Seed Transmission ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Mycosphaerella Pinodes ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Seed Infection ◽  
Flowering Stage

Inoculated field experiments were carried out in 1994 and 1995 to study the effect of the timing of inoculation with Mycosphaerella pinodes (Berk. & Bloxam) Vestergren on disease development, yield reduction and seed infection, in three field pea (Pisum sativum L.) cv. Bohatyr, cv. Scorpio and cv. Triumph. The greatest impact of inoculation on all disease and yield parameters was at the 8–10 node stage in 1994, and at the mid-flowering stage in 1995. The lowest impact of inoculation was at the pod swell stage for both years. When inoculated at 8–10 nodes, mid-flowering and pod swell stages, M. pinodes reduced yield by 31, 24 and 19%, respectively, in 1994 and 33, 43 and 30%, respectively, in 1995. The 1000-seed weight was not affected by the timing of inoculation; however, all inoculations reduced seed weight in both years. Plant-to-seed transmission of M. pinodes was affected by the timing of inoculation in 1994, but not in 1995. Results of this study suggest that prevention of early infection by M. pinodes will provide the best economic return in a mycosphaerella blight control program on field pea. Key words: Mycosphaerella blight, Mycosphaerella pinodes, field pea, Pisum sativum, yield reduction

Daily and seasonal spore dispersal by Mycosphaerella pinodes and development of mycosphaerella blight of field pea

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Xiu Zhang ◽  
W G Dilantha Fernando ◽  
Allen G Xue
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Mycosphaerella Pinodes ◽  
Rain Event ◽  
Spore Dispersal ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Inoculum Source ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Spore Release ◽  
Rain Events

Daily and seasonal spore dispersal of Mycosphaerella pinodes (Berk & Bloxam) Vestergren and the relationship of spore dispersal to distance and disease severity were investigated in a pea field in western Canada during two consecutive years. Most ascospores were released in response to rain events, during the first 23–27 d after the inoculum source area was infested with naturally diseased pea residue, whereas most pycnidiospores were trapped during the first 20 d. For both ascospores and pycnidiospores, the highest peaks of spore release occurred during the first 14–20 d after infestation. Few spores were trapped after day 27 after infestation. Daily peaks of ascospore and pycnidiospore release occurred between 1700 and 0400 hours. Most ascospores were released 1–2 d after a rain event and the largest peak appeared the first day after rain. In contrast, most pycnidiospores were released on the same day as rain occurred or the following day. The release of both spore types was associated with rainfall events ≥2 mm during the first 27 d after infestation but not with rainfall events after 27 d. Ascospore density was negatively correlated with distance from the inoculum source (r ≤ –0.92) and positively related to the disease severity (r ≥ 0.92). Disease severity decreased with increasing distance from the inoculum source. The patterns of spore dispersal associated with rain events have practical applications in the disease forecasting and spraying of chemicals to control the disease.Key words: field pea, mycosphaerella blight, rainfall, spore release.

AAC Delhi field pea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dengjin Bing ◽  
Don Beauchesne
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Mycosphaerella Pinodes ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Erysiphe Pisi ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

AAC Delhi is a semi-leafless, large-seeded yellow field pea (Pisum sativum L.) variety developed at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada. It has high yielding potential, medium maturity and good lodging resistance. AAC Delhi has the maturity of 95 days, and one-thousand-seed weight of 288 g. AAC Delhi is resistant to powdery mildew (caused by Erysiphe pisi Syd.), and is moderately susceptible to mycosphaerella blight (caused by Mycosphaerella pinodes) and fusarium wilt (caused by Fusarium oxysporum). AAC Delhi is adapted to all field growing regions in western Canada.

scholarly journals Effect of harvesting regime and nitrogen fertilization on the field pea (Pisum sativum ssp. arvense l.) agronomic traits

Poljoprivreda ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Goran Krizmanić ◽  
◽  
Tihomir Čupić ◽  
Marijana Tucak ◽  
Svetislav Popović
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Harvesting Regime
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