Agronomic performance of soybean with seed lipoxygenase nulls and low linolenic acid content

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yarmilla Reinprecht, Vaino W. Poysa ◽  
Istvan Rajcan, Gary R. Ablett ◽  
K. Peter Pauls
Keyword(s):  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Yield Difference ◽  
Low Linolenic Acid ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Low Linolenic

Oxidation of linolenic acid (LA) is catalyzed by lipoxygenase (LX) and is associated with off-flavours of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] products. Low LA (LLA, <50 g kg-1 LA) and LX triple null (3lx) soybean lines have been developed to improve the oxidative stability of soybean oil and reduce off-flavours. The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic performance of recombinant inbred line (RIL) soybean population derived from the reciprocal crosses between a LLA line, RG10, and a 3lx line, OX948 and low LA, LX triple null (LLA.3lx) lines selected from these populations. Evaluation of RIL populations for seed and agronomic characteristics at three Ontario locations (Harrow, Ridgetown and Woodslee) in 2000 and 2001 indicated that reduction of LA and removal of seed LX did not cause any obvious detrimental effects agronomic traits including yield. Several RILs that combine LLA content (<30 g kg-1) with 3lx were obtained from these crosses and evaluated for a number of seed and agronomic traits at four Ontario locations (Harrow, Ridgetown, Woodslee and Woodstock) in 2001. The LLA.3lx lines had higher than average seed weight and protein content, but were 21 to 31% lower yielding than typical cultivars for these regions. Compared with parental lines, the LLA.3lx lines were 5 to 18% lower yielding. However, comparisons of LLA.3lx lines with lines combining high linolenic acid and all three seed lipoxygenases (HLA.3LX) indicated no yield difference between the two groups of lines in these populations. The results suggest that it should be possible to use this novel germplasm to develop competitive soybean cultivars that are resistant to oxidative degradation. Key words: Soybean, lipoxygenase null, low linolenic acid, performance

Seed and agronomic QTL in low linolenic acid, lipoxygenase-free soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) germplasm

Genome ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 1510-1527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yarmilla Reinprecht ◽  
Vaino W. Poysa ◽  
Kangfu Yu ◽  
Istvan Rajcan ◽  
Gary R. Ablett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Linolenic Acid Content ◽  
Sequence Tagged Sites ◽  
Low Linolenic Acid ◽  
Low Linolenic

Linolenic acid and seed lipoxygenases are associated with off flavours in soybean products. F5 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from a cross between a low linolenic acid line (RG10) and a seed lipoxygenase-free line (OX948) were genotyped for simple sequence repeats (SSR), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), sequence-tagged sites (STS), and cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) markers and evaluated for seed and agronomic traits at 3 Ontario locations in 2 years. One hundred twenty markers covering 1247.5 cM were mapped to 18 linkage groups (LGs) in the soybean composite genetic map. Seed lipoxygenases L-1 and L-2 mapped as single major genes to the same location on LG G13-F. L-3 mapped to LG G11-E. This is the first report of a map position for L-3. A major quantitative trait locus (QTL) associated with reduced linolenic acid content was identified on LG G3-B2. QTLs for 12 additional seed and agronomic traits were detected. Linolenic acid content, linoleic acid content, yield, seed mass, protein content, and plant height QTL were present in at least 4 of 6 environments. Three to 8 QTLs per trait were detected that accounted for up to 78% of total variation. Linolenic acid and lipoxygenase loci did not overlap yield QTL, suggesting that it should be possible to develop high-yielding lines resistant to oxidative degradation by marker-assisted selection (MAS).

Interactions between stem termination type and linolenic acid content in soybean

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 649-653
Author(s):  
B. D. Rennie ◽  
J. W. Tanner
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Linolenic Acid Content ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Low Linolenic Acid ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Short Season ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Low Linolenic

Three determinate (dt1/dt1) soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) lines: Hoyt, HC 80-1742 and HC 80-1756, with a "standard" linolenic acid content (Fan/Fan) were crossed to the indeterminate (dt1/dt1), "low" linolenic acid (fan/fan) line G-LLA-F3. The F2 plants descended from these crosses were grown in the field at Harrow in 1988 and the F2:3 plants were grown at Harrow and Ridgetown, Ontario in 1989. In the F2 progeny, the mean linolenic acid content of the determinate plants was not different from the mean of the indeterminate plants for the "standard" class (8.5 and 8.6%) or for the "low" class (4.1 and 4.2%). In the F2:3 progeny, for the "standard" class, the determinate plants (9.4%) had a significantly (P < 0.05) higher mean linolenic acid content than the indeterminate plants (9.1%). For the "low" class, the mean linolenic acid content of the determinate plants (4.9%) was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than the mean of the indeterminate plants (5.2%) at Ridgetown, but was not different (4.7 and 4.7%) at Harrow. The differences in linolenic acid content between stem types were less than the differences between lines or between locations. Overall, there was no pattern associated with stem termination type and linolenic acid content for soybean plants grown in short season areas. Key words: Soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., determinate, indeterminate, linolenic acid

Relationships and inheritance of linolenic acid and seed lipoxygenases in soybean crosses designed to combine these traits

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yarmilla Reinprecht ◽  
Istvan Rajcan ◽  
Vaino W Poysa ◽  
Gary R Ablett ◽  
K Peter Pauls
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Null Line ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Cytoplasmic Effects ◽  
Low Linolenic Acid ◽  
Low Linolenic

To improve oxidative stability of soybean oil and reduce off-flavours, we previously developed low linolenic acid, lipoxygenase-free (LLA.3lx) soybean germplasm. The objectives of this study were to characterize the patterns of inheritance and determine the relationships between the low linolenic acid (LLA) trait derived from the lines RG10 and PI 361088B and seed lipoxygenase nulls (3lx) from a triple null line OX948 that were used to create the new LLA.3lx germplasm. Reciprocal crosses between RG10 and OX948 and between PI 361088B and OX948 were made and populations derived from them were evaluated for their fatty acid profiles and seed lipoxygenases (LX) at the F2, F5 and F6 generations. Both RG10 and PI 361088B contain a single gene that controls linolenic acid (LA) content with alleles acting in an additive manner. No significant cytoplasmic effects were observed on LA content. The LLA trait was highly heritable in both RG10 × OX948 (RO) and PI 361088B × OX948 (PO) crosses and stable in different environments (Belize and Ontario, Canada). The three seed LX were each controlled by single genes, but lipoxygenase 1 (Lx1) and lipoxygenase 2 (Lx2) were tightly linked. No significant correlations were observed between LA content and seed LX. The simple and independent inheritance of LA and seed LX in these crosses should simplify breeding for soybean cultivars that are resistant to oxidative degradation. Key words: Soybean, linolenic acid, lipoxygenase, inheritance, trait relationships

Independent effects of dietary linoleic and linolenic fatty acids on the conjugated linoleic acid content of cows’ milk

2002 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.L. Lock ◽  
P.C. Garnsworthy
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Low Linolenic Acid ◽  
Low Linolenic

AbstractIt may be desirable to increase the level of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in milk as a health benefit in human nutrition. The purpose of this work was to separate the effects of linoleic and linolenic acids on CLA production in dairy cows and to determine to what extent endogenous synthesis contributes to cis-9, trans-11 CLA concentration in milk fat. Eight lactating cows and four non-lactating duodenal fistulated cows were used in a 4 ✕ 4 Latin-square design. All cows received a basal diet of grass silage that was supplemented with one of four concentrates, which were designed to differ in their linoleic and linolenic acid contents. The oil components of the concentrates were produced from mixtures of olive, linseed, rape, soya and sunflower oils to produce the four treatments: low linoleic/ low linolenic acid (LL), low linoleic/high linolenic acid (LH), high linoleic/low linolenic acid (HL) and high linoleic/ high linolenic acid (HH). Milk cis-9, trans-11 CLA contents were 0·8, 0·9, 0·9 and 1·1 g/100 g fatty acid methyl esters (P < 0·05) and yields were 5, 7, 7 and 8 g/day (P < 0·05) for the LL, LH, HL and HH treatments, respectively. The yields of trans-C18:1 fatty acids in milk were 19, 22, 21 and 23 g/day (P < 0·05), respectively. Taking the data for the cis-9, trans-11 CLA content and flow of duodenal fluid from the fistulated cows and representing this in terms of dietary intake by the lactating animals, the amounts of cis-9, trans-11 CLA produced in the rumen were calculated to be 0·8, 0·9, 1·2 and 1·1 g/day (P < 0·05) and for trans-C18:1 fatty acids 58, 58, 66 and 69 g/day (P < 0·05). Increasing linoleic and/or linolenic acids in the diet can increase the cis-9, trans-11 CLA content of cows’ milk. Only diets high in linoleic acid increased cis-9, trans-11 CLA production in the rumen. On all four diets, more than 80% of cis-9, trans-11 CLA in milk was produced endogenously by Δ9-desaturase from trans-11 C18:1 in the mammary gland. Cows on the same diet have different milk fat cis-9, trans-11 CLA concentrations that may be partially explained by differences in Δ9-desaturase activity between cows. Increasing the activity of Δ9-desaturase in the mammary gland may offer greater potential for enhancing the cis-9, trans-11 CLA content of milk fat than increasing cis-9, trans-11 CLA production in the rumen.

EFFECT OF PLANT DENSITY ON THE AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF SUNFLOWER ON DRYLAND

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. W. HOLT ◽  
S. J. CAMPBELL
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Head Diameter ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Days To Maturity

This study investigated the influence of plant density on several agronomic traits of four sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars grown at Indian Head and Saskatoon, Saskatchewan in the semiarid prairies. At populations of 40 000–85 000 plants∙ha−1, plant density had no significant effect on seed yield. The increase in percentage oil content with increase in plant density (44.3–45.6%) was small but significant. As plant density was increased, days to flower, height and test weight increased while days to maturity, head diameter and average seed weight decreased. Cultivars × density interactions were generally not significant. Environment (five location-years) had a significant effect on all variables, and environments × cultivar interactions were significant for most of these. Results of this experiment indicated that testing of sunflower lines at several locations in the growing area would be necessary for best assessment but one plant density, suitable to that area, could be used.Key words: Sunflower, plant density, seed, oil, seed size, Helianthus annuus L.

Inheritance of Low Linolenic Acid Level in the Soybean Line RG10

Crop Science ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1441-1444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duška Stijšin ◽  
Bruce M. Luzzi ◽  
Gary R. Ablett ◽  
Jack W. Tanner
Keyword(s):  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Acid Level ◽  
Soybean Line ◽  
Low Linolenic Acid ◽  
Low Linolenic ◽  
Linolenic Acid Level
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