Bud-autogamy in the velvet-leaf blueberry, Vaccinium myrtilloides Michx.

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merrit Noormets ◽  
A. Randall Olson
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Bud Development ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Lowbush Blueberry ◽  
Pollen Tetrad ◽  
Vaccinium Myrtilloides

In velvet-leaf blueberry, Vaccinium myrtilloides Michx., flower buds at different stages of development were collected from managed, lowbush blueberry populations and examined microscopically for evidence of autodeposition of selfpollen. During late bud development, anther pores opened for pollen tetrad release and remained relatively close to the stigma. Just prior to full bloom, at petal separation, 18% of the flower buds were pollinated. Self-pollination prior to anthesis may either ensure some reproductive success or enhance the seed set from subsequent cross pollinations. Key words: Vaccinium, autogamy, self-pollination

Spring frost damage to placental tissues in lowbush blueberry flower buds

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 779-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Randall ◽  
Olson and Leonard J. Eaton
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽  
Spring Frost ◽  
Lowbush Blueberry ◽  
Commercial Yield ◽  
Spring Frosts

Closed flower buds and flowers at full bloom of Vaccinium angustifolium Ait. were collected from the field and histologically examined after severe spring frosts. Prior to anthesis, blackened ovarian placentae in closed buds were the only damaged tissues evident; placental damage may interfere with both seed and fruit set. Undetected frost damaged placentae may contribute to losses in commercial yield. Key words: Vaccinium, frost damage, placenta

scholarly journals Water Stress Alter Leaf Hydric Status and Flower Bud Development in Apricot cv. “Royal”

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
H. Ramírez ◽  
A. I. Melendres- Alvarez ◽  
A. Zermeño- González ◽  
D. Jasso- Cantú ◽  
J. A. Villarreal- Quintanilla
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Bud Development ◽  
Flower Bud Development

Aims: The apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.), is a drought-sensitive deciduous fruit. This concept arises from the fact that soil moisture stress can: Decrease the number and quality of flower buds differentiated; delay the time of flower differentiation and decrease the number of flower buds per shoot. The objectives of this investigation were to determine: The extent to which drought influences water status in the leaves; its effect on flower buds development and on bloom in apricot cv. “Royal”. Study Design: Trees were divided into 6 groups of six replicate each under a random block design. Results were analyzed using the statistical program 'RStudio' for Windows version 10 and data obtained subjected to a comparison of means with the Tukey (P≤0.05) test. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted at the Department of Horticulture in Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo, Mexico, during 2018-2019. Methodology: Seven-year-old apricot trees growing in containers were subjected to a 4 to 5week period of water stress at different times during the growing season. Leaf water potential was periodically measured and flower bud development was followed from early differentiation up to full bloom. Results: Leaf water potential in water stressed trees was constantly low. Water stress early in the season induced a delay in bud development during late summer and fall. Water stress late in the season did not appreciably affect the rate of bud development. Full bloom was delayed when water stress was applied in late summer and fall. Water stress at flower bud initiation and differentiation, together with high temperatures, may have induced flowers with double pistils. Water stress from April through October did not induce flower drop. Conclusion: Soil water stress severely affect leaf water potential; delays flower bud development and may induce flowers with double pistils without flower drop.

scholarly journals Leaf and Flower Blight Caused by Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi on Lowbush Blueberry: Effects on Yield and Relationship to Bud Phenology

2005 ◽  
Vol 95 (10) ◽  
pp. 1174-1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. N. Penman ◽  
S. L. Annis
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Bud Development ◽  
Berry Weight ◽  
Lowbush Blueberry ◽  
Ascospore Release ◽  
Bud Phenology ◽  
Subsequent Crop ◽  
The Relationship

Naturally established lowbush blueberry clones in four fields were evaluated for the incidence of leaf and flower blight, proportion of mummy berries, and yield reductions caused by Monilinia vacciniicorymbosi. The relationship between the phenology of flower and leaf bud development and susceptibility also was examined. Three fields were examined over one crop year and one field was studied in two subsequent crop years. The incidence of stems with blight was correlated to incidence of leaf blight in all fields and to incidence of flower blight in one field. Incidence of leaf and flower blight and the proportion of mummy berries produced were not correlated. Lowbush blueberry clones with higher incidence levels of leaf blight had reduced fruit set and lower berry weights. For healthy stems, leaf-to-fruit ratios had no effect on berry weight in most fields. In contrast, blighted stems with higher leaf-to-fruit ratios had higher berry weights in three fields. Stems with slowerdeveloping leaf and flower buds had less leaf and flower blight, respectively, than stems with faster bud development. Some blueberry clones may avoid infection by delaying production of susceptible tissue until after ascospore release by M. vaccinii-corymbosi.

Second-crop N fertilization improves lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) production

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. G. Penney ◽  
K. B. McRae ◽  
G. A. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽  
Potassium Nutrition ◽  
Lowbush Blueberry ◽  
Fruit Abortion

Most commercial blueberry growers follow a 2-yr pruning cycle because second-crop yield in a 3-yr cycle is usually too low for an economical harvest. Research was conducted to determine the extent to which second-crop production could be increased by applying fertilizer in the second-crop year. Treatments, consisting of factorial combinations of N (0, 60 kg ha-1), P (0, 26 kg ha-1), and K (0, 50 kg ha-1), were studied over two 3-yr burn-pruning cycles on a natural lowbush blueberry stand. Treatments were applied prior to, or shortly after, flower buds started to swell in the spring of the second-crop year. Nitrogen increased ripe fruit yield by 65% (3410 vs. 2070 kg ha-1) when compared with plots not previously fertilized with N, and by 43% (3410 vs. 2380 kg ha-1) when compared with plots previously fertilized with N. These results indicate that N might make the second crop economical to harvest. Phosphorus did not significantly affect yield, but K applied in combination with N in the second-crop year negatively affected production and Mg uptake. The increase in yield by N was due to more ripe berries resulting from a higher total (ripe + unripe) number of berries and hastened maturity that increased the percentage of ripe fruit. Reduced fruit abortion is suspected to be the reason for higher berry numbers. In contrast, the negative response to K applications with N was due to reduced total berry numbers. Key words: NK interaction, N × K interaction, potassium, nutrition, fertility, fruit abortion

scholarly journals Morfologi dan Pertumbuhan Planlet Hasil Induksi Poliploidi melalui Perlakuan Kolkisin pada Kuncup Bunga Anggrek Bulan (Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume)

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tubagus Kiki Kawakibi Azmi ◽  
Dewi Sukma ◽  
Sandra Arifin Aziz ◽  
Dan Muhamad Syukur
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Colchicine Treatment ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Reproductive Organ ◽  
Aluminium Foil ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Bud Development ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Flower Bud Development

<br />Induction of polyploid gametes is one of useful plant polyploidization methods. Some of its benefits are to obtain triploid and tetraploid progenies at the same time by cross and self pollination. Previous research showed that some morphological characters which could be the indications of polyploidy plantlets before the analysis of chromosome number. Colchicine treatment on flower bud of diploid Phalaenopsis amabilis was conducted to determine the effect of colchicine on flower bud development, plantlets morphology and growth, and potential of polyploidy induction based on plantlets morphology. Colchicine concentrations in the experiment were 0, 50, 500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg L-1, with three days duration of treatments with aluminium foil wraps on flower buds. The results showed that high colchicine concentrations (2,000 mg L-1) inhibited flowers blooming of treated flower buds. Based on morphological characters, plantlets were classified into normal and putative polyploid plantlets. Putative polyploid plantlets from colchicine with the concentration of 50, 500, and 1,000 mg L-1 were 71.2, 86.4, and 100.0% respectively.<br /><br />Keywords: colchicine concentration, morphological characters, normal plantlets, putative polyploidy, reproductive organ<br /><br />

Herbicidal weed control and crop-year NPK fertilization improves lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) production

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. G. Penney ◽  
K. B. Mcrae
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽  
Lowbush Blueberry ◽  
Fruit Abortion ◽  
Npk Fertilization

Past research has shown that fertilizer applied in the vegetative year can increase yield, but not always. Fertilizer applied in the crop year without weed control also has been shown to increase yield. The present study, conducted on a natural lowbush blueberry stand for 8 yr, compared the effects of factorial combinations of two rates each of N (0, 60), P (0, 26), and K (0, 50 kg ha−1) applied either in the vegetative or crop year, with or without weed control. Greatest production was obtained with weed control, which increased ripe fruit yield by 247% over that from plots without weed control. Nitrogen alone or P and K with N also increased yield, but only when applied in the crop year to weed-controlled plots. Phosphorous or K alone was of little benefit. Nitrogen increased ripe fruit yield from 3910 (unfertilized plots with weed control) to 4440 kg ha−1 and in combination with P and K to 5520 kg ha−1. Yield increases from weed control and N were due to increased berry weight and hastened maturity, but weed control also increased total berry number. The increase by P and K was due to an increase in total and ripe berry numbers. Nitrogen applied in the vegetative year, although producing more flower buds m−2 than when applied in the crop year, gave lower yields. Fruit abortion, due to insufficient nutrients in the crop year, particularly N, is suspected to be the reason for the reduced yield. Key words: Lowbush blueberry, Vaccinium angustifolium, yield flower buds, weed control, fertilizer, herbicide

Pollen limitation in an experimental population of the wild radish Raphanus raphanistrum

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-73
Author(s):  
Karin S. Pfennig ◽  
Jeffrey K. Conner
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Pollen Limitation ◽  
Experimental Population ◽  
Wild Radish ◽  
Raphanus Raphanistrum ◽  
Female Fitness ◽  
Female Reproductive Success

Experimental hand-pollinations were performed on a sample of wild radish, Raphanus raphanistrum, to determine whether female reproductive success was pollen limited. Fruit set was found to increase with receipt of supplemental pollen, but seed set did not. These results contradict findings in another Raphanus species but are expected if seeds are aborted or matured in packages. Key words: pollen limitation, Raphanus raphanistrum, female fitness.

DETERMINATION OF AFTER-RIPENING PERIOD AND HORMONAL RESPONSE OF OROBANCHE SOLMSII C.D. CLARKE SEEDS

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bista ◽  
G. B. Khattri ◽  
B. D. Acharya ◽  
S. C. Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Conditioning Period ◽  
Root Parasite ◽  
One Year

To find out the ability of Orobanche seeds to germinate immediately after seed set, seeds were germinated periodically at an interval of three months for one year in GR24. Some Orobanche seeds were capable of germination immediately after seed set but most required about nine months as after ripening or incubation period to be able to germinate. The phenomenon of after ripening in Orobanche seeds could be taken as an ecological measure to dormant over following unfavorable wet summer season. The growth hormone studies on Orobanche seed germination have shown that GA3 at a concentration of 100 ppm substantially enhanced seed germination when applied during pre-conditioning period. NAA showed some stimulatory effect at 0.5 - 1.0 ppm when applied during post-conditioning period but the hormone if applied during pre-conditioning period inhibited the germination. Kinetin failed to stimulate the germination at all the concentrations tested. Key words: Germination, root-parasite, hormone. Ecoprint Vol.11(1) 2004.

SEVERAL SOIL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES INFLUENCING THE GROWTH AND RHIZOME DEVELOPMENT OF THE LOWBUSH BLUEBERRY

1966 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter J. Kender ◽  
Franklin P. Eggert
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Moisture Content ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Rhizome Growth ◽  
Lowbush Blueberry ◽  
Rhizome Development

A field experiment using various soil management practices showed that the most effective means to increase blueberry plant spread was through the use of a surface mulch. Peat and sawdust were of equal suitability as a mulching material influencing vegetative growth, although sawdust did result in a reduction in the number of flower buds produced when compared with peat. Mulching was associated with a higher soil moisture content than non-mulched plots.Blueberry plants growing in nitrogen-treated plots had an increased flower bud number and rhizome growth in contrast with those growing in unfertilized plots. Nitrogen fertilization was of particular benefit when applied in association with surface organic mulches.Plants growing in an undisturbed soil were more vigorous than in a homogenized or tilled soil. Sawdust was found to be detrimental to the growth of lowbush blueberry plants when incorporated into a homogenized soil.

Response of lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium) to hexazinone applied early in the fruiting year

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 781-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. I. N. Jensen ◽  
E. G. Specht
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Corolla Tube ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽  
Floral Buds ◽  
Perennial Weeds ◽  
Lowbush Blueberry ◽  
Herbaceous Perennial

Spring application of 1.0 kg ha-1 hexazinone to fruiting-year lowbush blueberry no later than the F3 floral stage, when floral buds separate, but before the corolla tube shows white, controlled some common herbaceous perennial weeds without injury to the crop. Key words: Herbicide injury, growth stages, weed control, hexazinone, Vaccinium angustifolium

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