Effect of N fertilizer on the productivity and nutritive values of perennial grass mixtures in the alpine region of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Dong ◽  
Z. F. Yang ◽  
R. J. Long ◽  
Z. Z. Hu ◽  
M. Y. Kang
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Alpine Region ◽  
Smooth Bromegrass ◽  
N Application ◽  
Crested Wheatgrass ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Nutritive Values

A study was conducted on grass mixtures that included smooth bromegrass (SB) + drooping wild ryegrass (DW), smooth bromegrass + Siberian wild ryegrass (SW) + crested wheatgrass (CW) and smooth bromegrass + Siberian wild ryegrass + drooping wild ryegrass + crested wheatgrass in the alpine region of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The study was conducted from 1998 to 2000 to investigate the effects of N application rates and growing year on herbage dry matter (DM) yield and nutritive values. Herbage DM production increased linearly with N application rates. The effect of N application on DM yields was greater (P < 0.05) in the 2nd and 3rd production years than in the establishment year. Dry matter yields of SB + SW + CW and SB + SW + DW + CW can reach as high as 15 000 kg ha-1 at 345 kg ha-1 N rate in the 3rd growing year. With increased N application rates, crude protein (CP) contents and 48 h in sacco DM degradability of grasses increased (P < 0.05). No effect (P > 0.05) of N application was detected on organic matter (OM) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) concentration. It can be concluded that for increased biomass production in the alpine region of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, a minimum of 345 kg N ha-1 should be applied to grass stands in three split application of 115 kg N ha-1, in early June, early July and late July. Key words: Nitrogen levels, herbage dry matter yield, leaf shoot ratio, crude protein contents, dry matter degradability

Studies On Browse Plants in Ghana II. Digestibility, (d) Digestibility Of Grewia Carpinifolia From The Accra Plains, Using Local Cattle As Experimental Animals

1966 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-117
Author(s):  
G. L. Mabey ◽  
R. Rose Innes
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Nutritive Values ◽  
Digestible Crude Protein ◽  
Accra Plains

SummaryDigestibility of the palatable indigenous shrub Grewia carpinifolia was investigated. Digestion coefficients (%) were—organic matter 70, dry matter 70, crude protein 78, crude fibre 54, nitrogenfree extract 81, ether extract 13 and ash 52. Calculated nutritive values were—starch equivalent 27.3 and digestible crude protein 5.0, giving a nutritive ratio of about 1 : 5. The material used was moderately young.

scholarly journals WINTER BEAN PRODUCTIVITY UNDER UROCHLOA STRAW FERTILIZED WITH NITROGEN

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-142
Author(s):  
NÍDIA RAQUEL COSTA ◽  
MARCELO ANDREOTTI ◽  
KENY SAMEJIMA MASCARENHAS LOPES ◽  
KAZUO LEONARDO ALMEIDA YOKOBATAKE ◽  
CÉSAR GUSTAVO DA ROCHA LIMA
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Organic Residues ◽  
N Application ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Content Index ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha ◽  
Mg Content ◽  
Positive Effect

ABSTRACT: An experiment was conducted during the years 2009 and 2010 to evaluate the effects of Urochloa forage straw and nitrogen fertilization on soil properties, nutritional foliar content, index of foliar chlorophyll (IFC) values, production components, and grains yields of winter bean (Phaseolus vulgaris 'Pérola') in the Cerrado lowlands region of Brazil. The treatments consisted of planting bean crops under straw of Urochloa brizantha 'Xaraés' and Urochloa ruziziensis, fertilized with urea-sourced N (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg N ha-1). The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications, and a factorial scheme of 2 × 5. The greater yield of U. brizantha dry matter in the two years of evaluation increased bean leaf nutrient levels. The nutritional increase with increasing N application rates showed that the straw produced by the forages had a positive effect on bean nutrition. The grain yield was satisfactory but was not affected by the forage species nor by changes in the N application rates. The Urochloa straw increased the soil organic matter (SOM), Ca, and Mg content in both evaluated years, affected the decomposition and mineralization of organic residues, and ensured the proper development of the bean plants.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS ON THE YIELD AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MEADOW FOXTAIL

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 949-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. J. VAN ADRICHEM ◽  
J. N. TINGLE
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
N Application ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
P Content ◽  
Mn Content ◽  
N Rates

The effects of spring-applied nitrogen (0, 56, 112 and 224 kg/ha) and phosphorus (0 and 27.4 kg/ha) on the dry matter (DM) yield and forage quality of successive harvests of meadow foxtail (Alopecurus pratensis L.) were investigated. Nitrogen increased DM yield, crude protein, Cu, K and Zn contents and decreased P, Ca, Mg and Mn contents. Application of P in combination with N increased K content in the first cut and arrested the decline of P content due to N application in all cuts. The levels of dry matter digestibility and Cu declined in successive cuts whereas Mn content increased. At low N rates, Ca and Mg contents increased as the season advanced.

scholarly journals Peningkatan Kualitas Ampas Tebu Sebagai Pakan Ternak Melalui Fermentasi dengan Penambahan Level Tepung Sagu yang Berbeda

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samadi Samadi ◽  
Sitti Wajizah ◽  
Sabda Sabda
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nutritive Values ◽  
Agricultural Faculty ◽  
Different Levels

(Improvement of fermented bagasse quality as animal feed by fermentation through administration of sago flour at different levels)ABSTRACT. Feed plays an important role in livestock production system. Due to limitation of pasture and forege areas, it needs to find new feed alternative as replacement of forage as animal feed. One of feed alternatives as replacement of forage is bagasse. Bagasse has low nutritive content and digestibility. One of the efforts to improve bagasse quality is by fermentation. The purpose of this experiment was to improve nutritive values of bagasse by fermentation method by using Trichoderma harzianum as inoculum. This research was conducted at Animal Nutrition Laboratory, Animal Husbandry Department, Agricultural Faculty, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh from January to April 2015. The experiment was designed by completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments (addition of sago flour at defferent levels); R1 control (0% sago flour), R2 (5% sago flour), R3 (10% sago flour), R4 (15% sago flour) of fermented material. Each treatment has 4 replications, therefore there were 16 units of treatment. Parameters observed in this experiment were nutritive values of fermented bagasse including the contents of dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber and ash. The results of the experiments indicated that fermented bagasse with Trichoderma harzianum by addition of various levels of sago flour had significantly effect (P0, 05) on crude fiber and ash contents. However, there were not significantly difference (P0, 05) on dry matter and crude protein contents. In conclusion, addition of various levels of sago flour by using Trichoderma harzianum at fermented bagasse was able to improve nutritive values of fermented bagasse.

Yield parameters of Beta beets as a basis to estimate the biogas yield

2014 ◽  
pp. 169-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Starke ◽  
Christa Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
N Application ◽  
Fodder Beet ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
N Rates

High biogas yields are expected from sugar beet because of its high root yield. But it has not been analysed yet, which varieties are best suited to reach the highest biogas yield. The study thus aimed at identifying a parameter to estimate the biogas yield of sugar beet. To get a broad variation of yields and beet qualities, field trials were conducted from 2008 to 2011 at 2 sites (Göttingen and Regensburg, Germany) with different sugar beet varieties and fodder beet. Different N application rates were included and furthermore, autumn sown beets (winter beet). Dry matter composition was analyzed, biogas yield and methane concentration were determined in batch experiments. Sugar beet reached root dry matter yields of more than 20tha–1 and thereby exceeded fodder beet. Moderate N application increased root dry matter yield, whereas higher N rates only enhanced the leaf dry matter yield. But most likely, leaves will not be considered for fermentation because of their low concentration of dry matter and organic dry matter. Winter beet reached total dry matter yields of 12tha–1, but dry matter was not as easily digestible as that of spring sown beets. Biogas yield showed a close linear relation to the root dry matter and the sugar yield as well. Sugar beet varieties can therefore be assessed for anaerobic digestion by their sugar yield. As sugar yield is already the main target, breeding for biogas beets will not be substantially different from that for beets used for sugar manufacture.

Effects of nitrogen application rate on soil and plant characteristics in pastures of perennial grass mixtures in the alpine region of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China

Soil Research ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 727 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Dong ◽  
Y. Jiang ◽  
M. J. Wei ◽  
R. J. Long ◽  
Z. Z. Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Alpine Region ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Soil N ◽  
N Application ◽  
Total Soil ◽  
N Application Rate ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Total Soil N

To illustrate the effect of nitrogen (N) application on soil physical and chemical characteristics, herbage yield and quality, and nitrogen and water use efficiency in the alpine region of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, a 3-year experiment was conducted on 3 mixtures of 4 perennial grasses commonly cultivated on the Plateau, Bromus inermis (BI) + Elymus nutans (EN), BI + E. sibricus (ES) + Agropyron cristatum (AC), and BI + ES + EN + AC by applying 4 levels of N fertiliser, 0, 115, 230, and 345 kg/ha from 1998 to 2000 in a randomised design. At harvesting time, soil pH and soil dry bulk density at 0–30 cm depth did not vary with N application rate. Soil organic carbon at 0–30 cm was not significantly variable under different N rates. Total soil N at 0–30 cm increased with N application rate and application year. After 3 years’ consecutive N treatment, total soil N reached 13 g/kg at an N application rate of 345 kg/ha. Soluble soil N at 0–30 cm increased with application rate but decreased with application year. At 345 kg N/ha application rate, soluble soil N was >100 mg/kg in 1998, but decreased to around 80 mg/kg in 2000. Herbage DM yields increased linearly with the N application rate. Compared with no fertiliser, 1.5 times more DM yield in 1998 and nearly double the DM yield in 1999 and 2000 were harvested for all grass mixtures at 345 kg N/ha. N concentrations in the herbages were significantly improved by N application. Each N fertiliser rate increased N contents in grass herbages by ≈3 g organic matter/kg. Apparent nitrogen recovery (ANR) decreased with N application rate in the establishment year of 1998, but increased with N application rate in 1999 and 2000. N use efficiency (NUE) decreased with N application throughout the experiment. Precipitation use efficiency (PUE) was significantly improved by N application for each grass mixture. Positive residual N-fertiliser effects were observed on herbage DM yield, ANR, NUE, and PUE in this study. BI + ES + AC showed higher DM yields, ANR, NUE, and PUE than the other 2 grass mixtures, and thus was proposed for N-input grassland systems in the alpine region of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.

Studies on Browse Plants in Ghana

1966 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Mabey ◽  
R. Rose Innes
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Nutritive Values ◽  
Digestible Crude Protein

SummaryDigestibility of the herbage of the indigenous tree Antiaris africana was investigated. Digestion coefficients (%) were—organic matter 67, dry matter 64, crude protein 78, crude fibre 39, nitrogen-free extract 74, ether extract 36 and ash 36. Calculated nutritive values were—starch equivalent 23·2 and digestible crude protein 3·7, giving a nutritive ratio of about 1 : 6. The herbage was young and its palatability high.

scholarly journals Effect of annual weeds on the growth of perennial grass mixtures in the alpine region of the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
Wei Xiaohong ◽  
Dong Shikui ◽  
Long Ruijun ◽  
Hu Zizhi ◽  
Wang Genxuan
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Alpine Region ◽  
Annual Weeds
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