DISTRIBUTION OF ZINC FRACTIONS IN PRAIRIE SOILS

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. LIANG ◽  
J. W. B. STEWART ◽  
R. E. KARAMANOS
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Sequential Fractionation ◽  
Prairie Soils ◽  
Zinc Fractions ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Soil Zn ◽  
Mn Oxides ◽  
Extractable Zn

The distribution of Zn in soil fractions was determined for 27 representative prairie soils from Saskatchewan. Total Zn in the 27 soils under study ranged from 19.0 to 106.6 μg g−1 with an average of 62.0 μg g−1. A sequential fractionation showed that 0.2–2.4% of total Zn was exchangeable, 0.4–8.1% was Pb-displaceable, 0.4–4.3% was acid soluble, 1.6–9.7% was associated with Mn oxides, 0.6–4.4% was associated with organic matter and 0.9–5.1% was associated with Fe + Al oxides. Most of the total Zn was present in residual form (66.9–91.0%). Amounts of Zn in exchangeable and Pb-displaceable fractions varied inversely with soil pH and extractable P. DTPA-extractable Zn was correlated with Zn in most of the fractions, except Fe oxide-Zn, residual-Zn and total Zn. This result indicates that DTPA extractable-Zn contains Zn from Mn oxides and organic matter associations in addition to the exchangeable and adsorbed forms. The amount of total Zn was correlated with clay content and cation exchange capacity thus reflecting differences in parent materials. Key words: Soil Zn, Zn fractions, Prairie soils, pH, clay content

scholarly journals Relationship of soil properties to fractionation, bioavailability and mobility of lead and zinc in soil

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 225-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Finžgar ◽  
P. Tlustoš ◽  
D. Leštan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Matter Content

Sequential extractions, metal uptake by <i>Taraxacum officinale</i>, Ruby&rsquo;s physiologically based extraction test (PBET) and toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP), were used to assess the risk of Pb and Zn in contaminated soils, and to determine relationships among soil characteristics, heavy metals soil fractionation, bioavailability and leachability. Regression analysis using linear and 2nd order polynomial models indicated relationships between Pb and Zn contamination and soil properties, although of small significance (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Statistically highly significant correlations (<i>P</i> < 0.001) were obtained using multiple regression analysis. A correlation between soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) and soil organic matter and clay content was expected. The proportion of Pb in the PBET intestinal phase correlated with total soil Pb and Pb bound to soil oxides and the organic matter fraction. The leachable Pb, extracted with TCLP, correlated with the Pb bound to carbonates and soil organic matter content (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 69%). No highly significant correlations (<i>P</i> < 0.001) for Zn with soil properties or Zn fractionation were obtained using multiple regression.

scholarly journals Influence of brick manufacturing on phosphorus and sulfur in different agro-ecological soils of Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-131
Author(s):  
Reshma Akter ◽  
Md Jamal Uddin ◽  
Md Faruque Hossain ◽  
Zakia Parveen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Maximum Accumulation ◽  
Brick Kilns ◽  
Total P

A study was carried out to evaluate the effects of brick manufacturing on phosphorus (P) and sulfur (S) concentrations in soil and plant collected from different distances of brick kilns in four AEZs of Bangladesh. Forty eight composite soil samples (0 - 15 cm depth) were collected from 48 points in 12 different sites at 0 m, 300 m, 800 m and 1500 m from brick kilns, where most (site 2, site 3, site 5, site 6, site 7, site 9 and site 10) of the brick kilns used coal for brick burning purposes. Plant samples (rice straw and different vegetables) were also collected from the respective fields except 0 m distances. Significantly (p ? 0.05) lower organic matter, cation exchange capacity, clay content and soil pH were found at 0 m distances compared to other distances. Highest concentration of total P in soil were recorded at 0 m distances and these concentrations decreased with increasing distances from the brick kilns in most of the sites; whereas available P is significantly lower at 0 m distances than that of other distances. Total and available concentration of S in soil followed the trend 0 m>300 m>800 m>1500 m. Maximum accumulation of P (69.15 mg kg-1) and S (0.14%) in plant was found at 800 m away from the brick kiln.Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 29(2): 123-131, December-2016

Pronamide Phytotoxicity in Ten Wisconsin Soils

Weed Science ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Dutt ◽  
R. G. Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Mg Content ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Pronamide [3,5-dichloro-(N-1, 1-dimethyl-2-propynyl) benzamide] phytotoxicity was compared in 10 Wisconsin soils and the relationship of activity to soil physical and chemical properties appraised. Twelve soil properties were measured and correlated with pronamide I50(50% fresh weight inhibition) values using oats (Avena sativaL. ‘Portal’) as the indicator plant in bioassays conducted under greenhouse conditions. Organic matter was the soil variable most inversely correlated with pronamide phytotoxicity. Cation exchange capacity, field moisture capacity, and Mg content were also inversely correlated with pronamide phytotoxicity, but probably reflect changes in soil organic matter levels. Clay content did not significantly affect pronamide phytotoxicity.

Desorption of native and added zinc from a range of New Zealand soils in relation to soil properties

Soil Research ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1253 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Singh ◽  
R. G. McLaren ◽  
K. C. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Soil Variables ◽  
Dominant Soil ◽  
Linear Regressions ◽  
Mn Oxides ◽  
Extractable Zn ◽  
Different Soils

Compared with zinc (Zn) sorption, there is very little information on the effect of soil properties on Zn desorption from soils. In this study, desorption of native and added Zn from 7 Canterbury (NZ) soils was determined using a technique involving repeated equilibration of soil in 0·01 M Ca(NO3)2. The concentrations and patterns of desorption of both native and added Zn varied between the different soils. Greater concentrations of native Zn were desorbed from surface soils than from subsoils, and greater concentrations of added Zn were desorbed from subsoils than from their corresponding surface horizons. Correlation analysis showed that cation exchange capacity (CEC) and organic carbon (C) were the dominant soil variables contributing towards sorption or desorption of Zn. However, simple linear regressions involving CEC or organic C explained only 48–62% of the total variation in Zn sorption or desorption from the different soils. Multiple regression analysis indicated that cumulative native Zn desorption (expressed as percentage of DTPA-extractable Zn) was strongly related to CEC and the content of Mn oxides, which in combination explained 80% of the variability between soils. Regression analysis also showed that CEC plus Mn oxides and pH explained 91% of the variability in Zn sorption between the soils; whereas for added Zn desorbed (%), CEC plus pH and crystalline Al oxides explained 93% of variability in added Zn desorption.

scholarly journals Development of a composite soil degradation assessment index for cocoa agroecosystems in southwestern Nigeria

Solid Earth ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 827-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunday Adenrele Adeniyi ◽  
Willem Petrus de Clercq ◽  
Adriaan van Niekerk
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Assessment Index

Abstract. Cocoa agroecosystems are a major land-use type in the tropical rainforest belt of West Africa, reportedly associated with several ecological changes, including soil degradation. This study aims to develop a composite soil degradation assessment index (CSDI) for determining the degradation level of cocoa soils under smallholder agroecosystems of southwestern Nigeria. Plots where natural forests have been converted to cocoa agroecosystems of ages 1–10, 11–40, and 41–80 years, respectively representing young cocoa plantations (YCPs), mature cocoa plantations (MCPs), and senescent cocoa plantations (SCPs), were identified to represent the biological cycle of the cocoa tree. Soil samples were collected at a depth of 0 to 20 cm in each plot and analysed in terms of their physical, chemical, and biological properties. Factor analysis of soil data revealed four major interacting soil degradation processes: decline in soil nutrients, loss of soil organic matter, increase in soil acidity, and the breakdown of soil textural characteristics over time. These processes were represented by eight soil properties (extractable zinc, silt, soil organic matter (SOM), cation exchange capacity (CEC), available phosphorus, total porosity, pH, and clay content). These soil properties were subjected to forward stepwise discriminant analysis (STEPDA), and the result showed that four soil properties (extractable zinc, cation exchange capacity, SOM, and clay content) are the most useful in separating the studied soils into YCP, MCP, and SCP. In this way, we have sufficiently eliminated redundancy in the final selection of soil degradation indicators. Based on these four soil parameters, a CSDI was developed and used to classify selected cocoa soils into three different classes of degradation. The results revealed that 65 % of the selected cocoa farms are moderately degraded, while 18 % have a high degradation status. The numerical value of the CSDI as an objective index of soil degradation under cocoa agroecosystems was statistically validated. The results of this study reveal that soil management should promote activities that help to increase organic matter and reduce Zn deficiency over the cocoa growth cycle. Finally, the newly developed CSDI can provide an early warning of soil degradation processes and help farmers and extension officers to implement rehabilitation practices on degraded cocoa soils.

Zinc Adsorption in Different Calcareous Soils

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-130
Author(s):  
Payizan Ihsan Ramadhan ◽  
Lazkeen Ahmed Merween Mehmedany
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Zinc Adsorption

Zinc adsorption was studied for ten selective representative soils according the difference amount of clay content, calcium carbonate and organic matter in Duhok governorate, Iraqi-Kurdistan region included (Kanimasi-1&2, Batofa, Zakho, Assih, Semeel, Khanke, Faydi, Zawita and Bamarny locations). Samples were air dried and sieved through a 2-mm sieve to study the physical and chemical characteristics of the soils, forms of zinc and it’s adsorption. Results showed the soluble, DTPA extractable zinc (available), CaCl2 extractable zinc (exchangeable) and total zinc ranged between (0.29 – 0.94), (0.88 – 1.64), (1.71 – 2.05), and (12.25 – 56.15) mg kg-1 respectively. Negative significant correlation found between soluble zinc with pH, also negative significant correlation found between DTPA extractable zinc with exchangeable potassium, bicarbonate and available phosphorus but positive significant correlation found between CaCl2 extractable zinc with pH, total–Zn negatively affected with pH and positively with HCO3 and sand. Results demonstrated that by increasing added zinc concentration to studied soil zinc will be adsorbed zinc adsorbed greatly at temperature 25°C and 48°C. In general total zinc adsorbed at 25C° in six concentrations was less than zinc adsorbed at 48C°. At temperatures 25°C and 48°C the high total amount of zinc adsorbed found in the soil of Zawita and Zakho respectively, but the lower total zinc adsorbed observed in soil of Batofa and Kani masi-2. The quantity of adsorption affected positively by presence of clay, calcium carbonate, active calcium carbonate and cation exchange capacity and negatively affected by the ion concentration of bicarbonate, calcium, potassium, organic matter and sand content.

CHEMICAL AND PLANT EXTRACTABILITY OF METALS AND PLANT GROWTH ON SOILS AMENDED WITH SLUDGE

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. GAYNOR ◽  
R. L. HALSTEAD
Keyword(s):  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Tissue Concentrations ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Exchangeable Ca ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Metal Extractability ◽  
Extractable Zn

The addition of sludge to a Fox sandy loam (sl), Granby sl and Rideau clay (c) soil increased soil pH, total C, NaHCO3-extractable P, cation exchange capacity and exchangeable Ca. Sludge application increased DTPA-extractable Cd 2 to 5 times, Pb 2 to 3 times, Cu 3 to 7 times and Zn 7 to 31 times. Metal extractability in Granby and Fox sl soils was not greatly changed after 11 mo incubation but extractable Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd were reduced in the clay soil following incubation. Cropping to lettuce reduced the quantity of metal extracted from Fox sl soil and to a lesser extent from Rideau c soil but not from Granby sl soil. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) yields were significantly reduced for the first crop grown on sludge + fertilizer-treated Rideau c and Granby sl soils and for all three harvests from similarly treated Fox sl soil compared to harvests from soils treated with fertilizer only. Yield reduction for the first crop was attributed to a salt effect, as subsequent yields on Rideau c and Granby sl soils were similar to harvests from fertilized treatments. Saturation extract conductivities for all sludge treatments were higher for incubated than for cropped soils. Generally Zn, Cu and Pb tissue concentrations in lettuce harvested from sludge + fertilizer-treated Fox and Granby sl soils were significantly increased but total uptake was only increased for Zn. Metal uptake and tissue concentrations for lettuce grown on similarly treated Rideau c soil were equal to or less than those found in lettuce harvested from the fertilizer-only treatment. To a lesser extent similar trends were observed with the tomato (Lycospersicon esculentum Mill.) crop.

ASSOCIATION OF ZINC WITH OXIDES OF IRON AND ALUMINUM IN SOME MANITOBA SOILS

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. KALBASI ◽  
G. J. RACZ
Keyword(s):  
Clay Content ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Soil Group ◽  
Native Soil ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Soil Zn ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Mn Concentration ◽  
Extractable Zn

Eight soils in Manitoba, varying in texture, Great Soil Group and Subgroup, and amount of clay movement were analyzed for concentration of HNO3 + HClO4-extractable Zn, Fe, Al and Mn and percent sand, silt and clay. Soils were categorized into three textural groups, coarse, medium to fine and very fine. Statistical analyses were conducted to investigate the inherent associations between concentration of native Zn and concentrations of Fe, Al and Mn as well as sand, silt and clay contents for each textural group independently. Native soil Zn concentration was highly correlated with HNO3 + HClO4-extractable concentrations of Fe (r = 0.80, 0.89 and 0.90 for coarse, medium to fine and very fine-textured soils, respectively) and Al (r = 0.68, 0.79 and 0.81 for coarse, medium to fine and very fine-textured soils, respectively) and with clay content (r = 0.69, 0.64 and 0.82 for coarse, medium to fine and very fine-textured soils, respectively). Significant correlation between Zn concentration and clay content likely resulted from Fe and Al oxides coatings on silicate clays and from a large proportion of free Fe and Al oxides being clay-size. Correlation between Zn and Mn concentration was not significant for medium to fine and very fine-textured soils and was significant at only 5% level for coarse-textured soils. Large quantities of Zn (45–71% of HNO3 + HClO4-extractable Zn) were extracted along with the amorphous and organic complexed Fe and Al from four other Manitoba soils indicating, once again, that Zn was in some manner associated with oxides of Fe and Al in Manitoba soils.

scholarly journals Effect of Topography and Soil Depth on Clay Content, Organic Matter Content, Active Acidity, Reserve Acidity and Cation Exchange Capacity of Some Tea Soils of Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-235
Author(s):  
A. F. M. Sanaullah ◽  
M. Akhtaruzzaman ◽  
M. A. Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Topographic Positions

Soil samples were collected from M. R. Khan tea-estate area of Moulvibazar district, Bangladesh. Organic matter, active acidity, reserve acidity, cation exchange capacity, clay content and textural class of the collected soil samples for different topographic positions and depths were determined. The percentage of sand, silt and clay varied from 59.75 to 70.50, 12.50 to 20.00 and 14.50 to 22.75, respectively. Active acidity and reserve acidity of the soils varied from 4.13 to 5.82 and 3.46 to 4.84, respectively.  Organic matter content varied from 0.37% to 1.93%. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) varied from 11.42 to 24.86 cmolKg-1. Soils were acidic in nature with considerably high reserve acidity. The measured parameters of the soil samples were plotted and analyzed with reference to topography and depth. The parameters have been found to vary with sampling sites, depths and topography.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Fluometuron, Prometryne, Sencor, and 2,4-D by Soils

1969 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 286-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. Liu ◽  
H. R. Cibes-Viadé
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Highly Correlated

The adsorption capacity of Fluometuron, Prometryne, Sencor, and 2,4-D by 48 local soils was determined spectrophotometrically. The mean adsorptivities of the four herbicides by these soils were as follows: Prometryne 37.0 percent, Sencor 23.0 percent, Fluometuron 22.6 percent, and 2,4-D 12.4 percent. The results indicated that organic matter content was the factor most highly correlated with adsorption of these herbicides by the 48 soils. Cation exchange capacity was found to correlate significantly with adsorption of Fluometuron, Prometryne, and Sencor. Such was not the case with 2,4-D. Correlation between clay content and adsorption of Fluometuron and Sencor was statistically significant. In contrast, no significant correlation was noted between clay content and adsorption of Prometryne and 2,4-D.

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