PARAQUAT-INDUCED CHANGES IN SELECTED RHIZOBIA AND AGROBACTERIA

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 667-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. B. ROSLYCKY
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Rhizobium Meliloti ◽  
Cell Permeability ◽  
Group Affiliation ◽  
Rhizobium Phaseoli ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Induced Changes

Adaptations of eight strains of rhizobia from seven cross-inoculation groups and of two agrobacteria from two species to paraquat, in concentrations up to 20 000 μg∙mL−1, affected 11 of the 40 properties studied, including carbohydrate, nitrogen, sulfur, and other metabolism. The number of characteristics altered varied among the bacteria without species or group affiliation. Of the total of 18 changes, 13 occurred in Rhizobium meliloti 22 and R. trifolii 7 and 42, while R. leguminosarum 56, R. lupini 112, R. japonicum 80, cowpea strain 131, and Agrobacterium tumefaciens A6-K1 had only one. Rhizobium phaseoli 95 and A. radiobacter R-590 remained unaffected. Generally, the adapted organisms produced lower nephelometric growth and manometric respiration rates at 0 and 200 μg of paraquat∙mL−1, relative to the herbicide-free parent controls. Tolerance of R. trifolii 7 to NaCl increased from 1% to 5% (wt/vol). The findings suggest that paraquat may have affected cell permeability, adaptive and/or constitutive enzymes in these bacteria. Key words: Rhizobia, agrobacteria, adaptations, physiology, paraquat and herbicides

Effect of forest harvesting and slash piling on microbial biomass and respiration in Newfoundland boreal forests

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin T Moroni ◽  
Paul Q Carter ◽  
Dean W Strickland ◽  
Franz Makeschin ◽  
Don-Roger Parkinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Fungal Biomass ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Organic Layer ◽  
Total Microbial Biomass ◽  
Organic Layers ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Fumigation Extraction

Clearcutting Newfoundland boreal forests significantly reduced organic layer fungal and total microbial biomass in clearcut areas with and without slash cover, compared with forested plots. However, aerobically incubated respiration rates were highest in organic layers from clearcut areas under slash, intermediate under forests, and lowest from clearcut areas without slash. Key words: Carbon, ergosterol, fumigation–extraction, fungal biomass, harvest slash, nitrogen

Stress-Induced Changes in Ubiquinone Concentration and Alternative Oxidase in Plant Mitochondria

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasily N. Popov ◽  
Albert C. Purvis ◽  
Vladimir P. Skulachev ◽  
Anneke M. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Oxidase ◽  
Respiratory Activity ◽  
Plant Mitochondria ◽  
High Oxygen ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Bell Peppers ◽  
Respiration Of Mitochondria ◽  
Induced Changes

We have investigated the influence of stress conditions such as incubation at 4°C and incubation in hyperoxygen atmosphere, on plant tissues. The ubiquinone (Q) content and respiratory activity of purified mitochondria was studied. The rate of respiration of mitochondria isolated from cold-treated green bell peppers (Capsicum annuum L) exceeds that of controls, but this is not so for mitochondria isolated from cold-treated cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L). Treatment with high oxygen does not alter respiration rates of cauliflower mitochondria. Analysis of kinetic data relating oxygen uptake with Q reduction in mitochondria isolated from tissue incubated at 4°C (bell peppers and cauliflowers) and at high oxygen levels (cauliflowers) reveals an increase in the total amount of Q and in the percentage of inoxidizable QH2. The effects are not invariably accompanied by an induction of the alternative oxidase (AOX). In those mitochondria where the AOX is induced (cold-treated bell pepper and cauliflower treated with high oxygen) superoxide production is lower than in the control. The role of reduced Q accumulation and AOX induction in the defense against oxidative damage is discussed.

The pSym Plasmid of Rhizobium Meliloti. III. Expression of pSym Functions in Agrobacterium Tumefaciens

1984 ◽  
pp. 702-702
Author(s):  
G. Truchet ◽  
C. Rosenberg ◽  
J. Vasse ◽  
J. S. Julliot ◽  
S. Camut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Rhizobium Meliloti

THE EFFECT OF LACTATION ON OUABAIN-SENSITIVE RESPIRATION OF THE DUODENAL MUCOSA OF COWS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 817-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. W. McBRIDE ◽  
L. P. MILLIGAN
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Duodenal Mucosa ◽  
Maintenance Energy ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Peak Lactation

Total O2 consumption, ouabain-sensitive and ouabain-insensitive respiration rates were measured for the duodenal mucosa of non-lactating and lactating cows. Support of Na+, K+-ATPase activity, as measured by ouabain-sensitive respiration, accounted for 55% of total mucosal respiration of the cows at peak lactation. In mid-lactation and during the non-lactating period the proportion of O2 uptake inhibited by ouabain declined to 34–35%; the amount of ouabain-sensitive O2 uptake declined from 3.6–4.0 to 2.5–2.8 μL O2/mg tissue per hour. The magnitude of ouabain-insensitive respiration was highest during late lactation and the non-lactating period. It was concluded that Na+, K+-ATPase accounted for a major proportion of the duodenal mucosa maintenance energy expenditure. The magnitude of this expenditure is not constant throughout lactation. Key words: Na+, K+-ATPase, duodenal mucosa, O2 consumption, cows

scholarly journals Rhizobium meliloti nodulation genes allow Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Escherichia coli to form pseudonodules on alfalfa.

1984 ◽  
Vol 158 (3) ◽  
pp. 1133-1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M Hirsch ◽  
K J Wilson ◽  
J D Jones ◽  
M Bang ◽  
V V Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Rhizobium Meliloti ◽  
Nodulation Genes

scholarly journals Comparative efficacy of analgesic and anaesthetic drugs for high epidural analgesia in black bengal goats

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
RA Runa ◽  
MA Hashim ◽  
MA Hossain ◽  
AAM Bhuyan ◽  
MS Alam
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Epidural Analgesia ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Lidocaine Hydrochloride ◽  
Comparative Efficacy ◽  
Bupivacaine Hydrochloride ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Ketamine Hydrochloride

The effects of analgesic and anaesthetic drugs on high epidural analgesia in Black Bengal goats were investigated. The animals were divided into five groups (n=8) and a replication of 8 trials was performed in each group at least one week interval. Two percent (2%) lidocaine hydrochloride, 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride, 2% lidocaine hydrochloride with adrenaline, ketamine hydrochloride and diazepam were administered into lumbo-sacral (high epidural) space for high epidural analgesia. Bupivacaine hydrochloride significantly (P < 0.05) decreased respiration rates, rectal temperature, however, increased heart rates during high epidural analgesia with prolonged analgesia compared to other drugs. Lidocaine hydrochloride showed a rapid onset and excellent analgesia and did not produce any side effects whereas, diazepam exhibited delay onset with short duration of analgesia. It seems that 2% lidocaine hydrochloride is effective for high epidural analgesia in goats. Key words: Analgesics, anaesthetics, high epidural analgesia, goats DOI = 10.3329/bjvm.v6i1.1347 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2008). 6 (1): 103-106

Typing of Rhizobium by phages

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1003-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryszard Staniewski
Keyword(s):  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Rhizobium Meliloti ◽  
Rhizobium Trifolii ◽  
Rhizobium Phaseoli ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Phage Types ◽  
Group I ◽  
Rhizobium Lupini ◽  
Distinguished Group ◽  
Established Group

Two hundred and thirty strains of Rhizobium trifolii, Rhizobium leguminosarum for pea, vetch, horse bean, and Lathyrus spp., Rhizobium phaseoli and Rhizobium meliloti were subjected to phage typing. On the basis of their sensitivity to phages these strains were divided into three groups: I, II, and III.In group I, consisting of R. trifolii, R. leguminosarum for pea, vetch, and horse bean, and R. phaseoli, 18 phage types were established. Group II included some strains of R. trifolii and R. leguminosarum for pea and vetch. Among them three phage types were distinguished. Group III included R. meliloti strains and one strain of Rhizobium lupini for lupine. In that group 10 phage types were found.

A field study on the respiration rates in the leaves of temperate plants

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 3478-3481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald E. Collier ◽  
W. Raymond Cummins
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Alternative Pathway ◽  
Salicylhydroxamic Acid ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Understory Herbs ◽  
Fluctuating Environments ◽  
Cyanide Resistance ◽  
Physiological Flexibility

The field respiration rates of leaves, in terms of total dark respiration, cytochrome (cyanide sensitive) pathway respiration, and alternative (salicylhydroxamic acid sensitive) pathway respiration, were measured in 10 temperate species. Five spring understory herbs and five ruderal species were used. All species displayed resistance to cyanide and sensitivity to salicylhydroxamic acid, indicating a capacity and some engagement of the alternative pathway. In comparison with reports on the field respiration rates of leaves in arctic and boreal species, the temperate plants had significantly less O2 uptake along both respiratory pathways. Rates of alternative pathway respiration in this study were comparable with those reported in the leaves of crop plants. In a comparison of respiration rates between the ruderal and understory species, the ruderal species had significantly greater activity along the alternative pathway. The ruderals also had a significantly greater capacity for the alternative pathway. It is proposed that the presence of the alternative pathway somehow allows physiological flexibility in the ruderals, and this in turn aids in their survival in fluctuating environments. Key words: alternative pathway, cyanide resistance, respiration, ruderal, understory.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document