IMPACT OF RIGHT-OF-WAY CONSTRUCTION ON ORGANIC SOIL BULK DENSITY IN THE RED LAKE PEATLAND

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. GRIGAL
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Right Of Way ◽  
Red Lake ◽  
Transmission Right

The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in soil bulk density associated with construction of a 500-kV transmission right-of-way (ROW) across a peatland in northwestern Minnesota. Immediately before (1979), and for 2 yr following construction (1980, 1981), bulk density of the organic soil within the ROW and in undisturbed control areas was monitored. Soils were primarily Typic Mesisols (Borohemists), with some Mesic Fibrisols (Sphagnofibrists). Monitoring was carried out in five vegetation types, ranging from graminoid fen to treed bog. Soil bulk density was determined in 25-cm increments to 1 m. There were no significant differences in density between the ROW and the control before construction. When data for the 2 yr following construction were combined, results showed significantly higher density in the surface of the ROW than in the surface of the controls. Absolute differences were small, however. The density in the ROW was 5% higher and that in the controls 5% lower than the overall mean of 0.052 g∙cm−3. Largest differences were in a vegetation type with a fibric surface, the treed fen, where, in 1981, the surface in the control had a bulk density of 0.033 g∙cm3, and in the ROW, 0.049 g∙cm−3. Because of high hydraulic conductivity at both densities, any present restriction of water flow across the peatland is unlikely. Key words: Transmission lines, water flow, histosols, Minnesota

Soil moisture thresholds for combustion of organic soils in western Tasmania

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynda D. Prior ◽  
Ben J. French ◽  
Kathryn Storey ◽  
Grant J. Williamson ◽  
David M. J. S. Bowman
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Vegetation Types

The present study aimed to determine moisture thresholds for combustion of organic soils sampled from various vegetation types at 63 locations in Tasmania, Australia. To observe whether the soil sample sustained smouldering combustion, moisture content was experimentally manipulated and heat was applied. Combustion was primarily determined by moisture content, but was also influenced by soil bulk density and organic content: the gravimetric moisture content corresponding to a 50% probability of burning ranged from 25 to 94% as organic content varied from 34 to 96%. There was no evidence of differences among vegetation types in the relationship between soil combustibility and organic content. Combustion in Tasmanian organic soils occurred with moisture levels similar to those reported elsewhere, despite differences in vegetation and environment. It was also found that a hand-held meter that measured volumetric moisture content using time domain reflectometry could be used to satisfactorily predict organic soil combustion. Finally, combining the data with estimates of volumetric soil moisture based on high-resolution gridded weather data (Bureau of Meteorology Atmospheric high-resolution Regional Reanalysis for Australia, or BARRA), it was demonstrated that most Tasmanian organic soils are likely to be combustible at some time almost every summer (December to February).

scholarly journals Estimación del contenido de carbono orgánico en suelos y vegetación del estado de Campeche. Propuesta metodológica.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Luciano Pool-Novelo ◽  
Víctor Manuel Kú-Quej ◽  
Jesús Chí-Quej ◽  
Jorge Mendoza-Vega
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
The State ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Missing Information ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Reliable Methods

Assessing carbon content in soil and vegetation is a burdensome task, hence, the importance of developing reliable methods using databases with scarce information. The objective of the present study was to estimate the content of soil organic carbon (SOC) and organic carbon in vegetation (OCV) for the State of Campeche, Mexico. Developing a methodology in conditions of low availability of information. The off icial database available in Mexico (Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía; INEGI) was used. The main limiting factor of the INEGI database for estimating the SOC by land unit area is the missing information on soil bulk density. Therefore, the bulk density of the soils was obtained using linear multiple regressions with data from 37 soil prof iles that were described in 10 of the 14 soil types reported in the State. The SOC ha-1 for each prof ile/soil unit for the whole State was calculated using the formula proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Estimation of OCV was achieved using INEGI database (area for vegetation type), reclassifying the vegetation types, from 58 to 23. The reduction of the coeff icient of variation in comparison with the results of other studies shows that the applied methodology produces more precise estimates. The total carbon estimated for the State of Campeche was 765 417 Gg, of which 64.1% accounted for SOC and 35.9% for OCV.

scholarly journals Analysis of surveying and legal problems in granting right-of-way and expropriation for the purpose of locating technical infrastructure

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Trembecka
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Real Property ◽  
Right Of Way ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Legal Problems ◽  
Legal Forms ◽  
Transmission Right ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

Abstract A condition which determines the location of technical infrastructure is an entrepreneur holding the right to use the property for construction purposes. Currently, there are parallel separate legal forms allowing the use of a real property for the purpose of locating transmission lines, i.e. transmission easement (right-of-way) established under the civil law and expropriation by limiting the rights to a property under the administrative law. The aim of the study is to compare these forms conferring the right to use real properties and to analyze the related surveying and legal problems occurring in practice. The research thesis of the article is ascertainment that the current legal provisions for establishing legal titles to a property in order to locate transmission lines need to be amended. The conducted study regarded legal conditions, extent of expropriation and granting right-of-way in the city of Krakow, as well as the problems associated with the ambiguous wording of the legal regulations. Part of the research was devoted to the form of rights to land in order to carry out similar projects in some European countries (France, Czech Republic, Germany, Sweden). The justification for the analysis of these issues is dictated by the scale of practical use of the aforementioned forms of rights to land in order to locate technical infrastructure. Over the period of 2011-2014, 651 agreements were concluded on granting transmission right-of-way for 967 cadastral parcels owned by the city of Krakow, and 105 expropriation decisions were issued, limiting the use of real properties in Krakow.

MEASUREMENT AND PALEOCLIMATIC SIGNIFICANCE OF SOIL BULK DENSITY FOR LOESS IN EXTREME ARID REGION

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
Jinbo ZAN ◽  
Shengli YANG ◽  
Xiaomin FANG ◽  
Xiangyu LI ◽  
Yibo YANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Paleoclimatic Significance

scholarly journals Machine-Learning Classification of Soil Bulk Density in Salt Marsh Environments

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 4408
Author(s):  
Iman Salehi Hikouei ◽  
S. Sonny Kim ◽  
Deepak R. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Salt Marsh ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Marsh Soil ◽  
Landsat 7 ◽  
Salt Marsh Soil

Remotely sensed data from both in situ and satellite platforms in visible, near-infrared, and shortwave infrared (VNIR–SWIR, 400–2500 nm) regions have been widely used to characterize and model soil properties in a direct, cost-effective, and rapid manner at different scales. In this study, we assess the performance of machine-learning algorithms including random forest (RF), extreme gradient boosting machines (XGBoost), and support vector machines (SVM) to model salt marsh soil bulk density using multispectral remote-sensing data from the Landsat-7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) platform. To our knowledge, use of remote-sensing data for estimating salt marsh soil bulk density at the vegetation rooting zone has not been investigated before. Our study reveals that blue (band 1; 450–520 nm) and NIR (band 4; 770–900 nm) bands of Landsat-7 ETM+ ranked as the most important spectral features for bulk density prediction by XGBoost and RF, respectively. According to XGBoost, band 1 and band 4 had relative importance of around 41% and 39%, respectively. We tested two soil bulk density classes in order to differentiate salt marshes in terms of their capability to support vegetation that grows in either low (0.032 to 0.752 g/cm3) or high (0.752 g/cm3 to 1.893 g/cm3) bulk density areas. XGBoost produced a higher classification accuracy (88%) compared to RF (87%) and SVM (86%), although discrepancies in accuracy between these models were small (<2%). XGBoost correctly classified 178 out of 186 soil samples labeled as low bulk density and 37 out of 62 soil samples labeled as high bulk density. We conclude that remote-sensing-based machine-learning models can be a valuable tool for ecologists and engineers to map the soil bulk density in wetlands to select suitable sites for effective restoration and successful re-establishment practices.

Measurement of Soil Bulk Density and Water Content with Time Domain Reflectometry: Algorithm Implementation and Method Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 126389
Author(s):  
Marco Bittelli ◽  
Fausto Tomei ◽  
Anbazhagan P. ◽  
Raghuveer Rao Pallapati ◽  
Puskar Mahajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Algorithm Implementation ◽  
Method Analysis
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