VARIABILITY OF SOIL PROPERTIES IN RELATION TO SIZE OF MAP UNIT DELINEATION

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 657-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. WANG
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Boundary Effect ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Coefficient Of Variability ◽  
Range Of Variation

The results of a study which compared some selected soil characteristics of small and large map unit delineations are presented. Color, organic carbon, pH, cation exchange capacity and clay content were measured. Properties, such as pH and CEC of surface soil and pH of subsoil, were found to be significantly different between large and small delineations. Although Brandon is selected to be a simple and relatively uniform map unit, the range of variation was wide for all of the selected soil properties. For each property measured the coefficient of variability was always larger in surface soils than in subsoils. However, variance of measured soil properties did not differ between the two groups of delineations. Consequently, the soil boundary effect is considered to be insignificant for the Brandon unit of the Dalhousie association studied.

Sorption of Anionic Pentachlorophenol (PCP) in Aquatic Environments: The Effect of pH

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Shimizu ◽  
S. Yamazaki ◽  
Y. Terashima
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Swelling Clay ◽  
Ph Range

The sorption of pentachlorophenol (PCP, pKa’ = 4.75) onto natural solids from aqueous phase was investigated by batch sorption experiments. The experimental aqueous phase was prepared for set values of pH (2 to 12) and ionic strength (0.1 M). Experimental results indicated that the sorption decreased with increasing pH over the entire pH range tested. A simple mathematical model, based on the hypotheses that the sorption coefficients of non-ionized and ionized species are different and the pH has only negligible effect on the natural solid characteristics, was applied to the pH range between 6 and 8, and the sorption coefficients (Kd) of both species were estimated. The Kd of ionized species (phenolate anion) was smaller than that of non-ionized species. The Kd of both species had poor correlation to the organic carbon content of natural solids. The Kd, however, correlated well with the swelling clay content and cation exchange capacity of natural solids. These results indicated that the sorption of PCP was not controlled by the organic carbon referenced hydrophobic sorption. For broader pH range (i.e., below 6 or above 8), the dependence of the natural solid characteristics on pH must be additionally included in the model.

scholarly journals Effect of different amounts of biochar on meadow soil characteristics and maize yields over three years

BioResources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 4194-4209
Author(s):  
Zhihui Wang ◽  
Chunshuang Tang ◽  
Hongyi Wang ◽  
Changjiang Zhao ◽  
Dawei Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Meadow Soil ◽  
Maize Yields

To evaluate the effect of biochar on soil characteristics and maize yields in meadow soil, a three-year field experiment was performed using different amounts of biochar (0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 t/ha). The soil pH decreased over time when biochar was applied to weakly basic soil. Single biochar applications increased the organic carbon, total nitrogen, available K, and cation exchange capacity for three continuous years, in proportion to the amount of biochar applied. However, as time progressed, the soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, available K, and cation exchange capacity began to decrease. The biochar stimulated the availability of soil phosphorus in the meadow soil and stably increased the available P content in the soil for three years. For maize, the biochar application decreased the occurrence of barren ear tips and increased the ear length, grain number per row, 100-kernel weight, and yield. When the single applications of biochar were greater than 40 t/ha, the soil characteristics showed continuous improvements and the maize yields stably increased for three years.

scholarly journals Development of a composite soil degradation assessment index for cocoa agroecosystems in southwestern Nigeria

Solid Earth ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 827-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunday Adenrele Adeniyi ◽  
Willem Petrus de Clercq ◽  
Adriaan van Niekerk
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Assessment Index

Abstract. Cocoa agroecosystems are a major land-use type in the tropical rainforest belt of West Africa, reportedly associated with several ecological changes, including soil degradation. This study aims to develop a composite soil degradation assessment index (CSDI) for determining the degradation level of cocoa soils under smallholder agroecosystems of southwestern Nigeria. Plots where natural forests have been converted to cocoa agroecosystems of ages 1–10, 11–40, and 41–80 years, respectively representing young cocoa plantations (YCPs), mature cocoa plantations (MCPs), and senescent cocoa plantations (SCPs), were identified to represent the biological cycle of the cocoa tree. Soil samples were collected at a depth of 0 to 20 cm in each plot and analysed in terms of their physical, chemical, and biological properties. Factor analysis of soil data revealed four major interacting soil degradation processes: decline in soil nutrients, loss of soil organic matter, increase in soil acidity, and the breakdown of soil textural characteristics over time. These processes were represented by eight soil properties (extractable zinc, silt, soil organic matter (SOM), cation exchange capacity (CEC), available phosphorus, total porosity, pH, and clay content). These soil properties were subjected to forward stepwise discriminant analysis (STEPDA), and the result showed that four soil properties (extractable zinc, cation exchange capacity, SOM, and clay content) are the most useful in separating the studied soils into YCP, MCP, and SCP. In this way, we have sufficiently eliminated redundancy in the final selection of soil degradation indicators. Based on these four soil parameters, a CSDI was developed and used to classify selected cocoa soils into three different classes of degradation. The results revealed that 65 % of the selected cocoa farms are moderately degraded, while 18 % have a high degradation status. The numerical value of the CSDI as an objective index of soil degradation under cocoa agroecosystems was statistically validated. The results of this study reveal that soil management should promote activities that help to increase organic matter and reduce Zn deficiency over the cocoa growth cycle. Finally, the newly developed CSDI can provide an early warning of soil degradation processes and help farmers and extension officers to implement rehabilitation practices on degraded cocoa soils.

Mechanical site preparation impacts on soil properties and vegetation communities in the Northwest Territories

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 1381-1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D Bock ◽  
Ken CJ Van Rees
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Understory Vegetation ◽  
Mechanical Site Preparation ◽  
Exchangeable Calcium

Greater utilization of hardwood species and societal concerns over maintenance of ecological integrity have provided impetus for forest managers to consider alternative silvicultural practices in boreal mixedwood forests. The objective of this study was to quantify the effects of five mechanical site preparation (MSP) treatments on soil properties and understory vegetation of mixedwood stands in the Northwest Territories (NWT). Soil and understory vegetation conditions in treatments (3 years post-MSP treatment) and adjacent uncut forest controls were sampled. Significant Shearblade – Grizz R-ex and Shearblade treatment soil property effects were consistently found. Increases in bulk density (307%) and decreases for total organic carbon (92%); total nitrogen (86%); cation exchange capacity (74%); and exchangeable calcium (72%), magnesium (67%), and potassium (75%) in the soil surface (0–12.8 cm) were observed. Increases in mineral soil pH (1.0 units), total organic carbon (94%), cation exchange capacity (20%), and exchangeable calcium (35%) and magnesium (56%) were also found. Dissimilarity of the understory community with that of the uncut forest increased as follows: uncut forest < harvested only < Meri–Crusher = Grizz R-ex < Shearblade – Meri-Crusher < Shearblade – Grizz R-ex < Shearblade. This research suggests that winter shearblading should be utilized only where it is necessary to achieve specific management objectives.

scholarly journals Imazaquin sorption in surface and subsurface soil samples

2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurílio Fernandes de Oliveira ◽  
Hélio Teixeira Prates ◽  
Derli Prudente Santanna ◽  
Rubem Silvério de Oliveira Júnior
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Subsurface Soil

The objective of this work was to study the sorption and desorption of imazaquin, in surface and subsurface soil samples from Brazil. Sorption and desorption steps were carried out using batch equilibration and high performance liquid chromatography analytical routines. The value of Kf,ads was positively correlated with clay content, and negatively correlated with pH of supernatant. Samples from Typic Haplustox, clayey soil profile having high clay content, provided higher Kf,ads values, and negative correlation with organic carbon, silt content, cation exchange capacity and pH.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation of Copper and Nickel Contaminated Soil Using Eleusine indica on Soil Properties

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
G. I. Ameh ◽  
E. J. Onuh
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Eleusine Indica

The effects of Eleusine indica phytoremediation on the soil properties of Copper and Nickel contaminated soil samples were investigated using standard techniques. Soil sample and seeds of E. inidca were collected from a farmland in Obe, Nkanu West L.G.A of Enugu State. 0%, 1%, 2% and 3% potted treatments of Copper and Nickel contaminated soil were made for three samples (initial sample, sample without plant and sample with plant). The plant showed BAF and TF greater than 1. The Soil samples after the plant was harvested were subjected to soil analysis tests (Metal determination, pH, Soil moisture content, total organic carbon, and cation exchange capacity). The results from the study revealed that soil samples with plant showed a lower pH level within the range of 6.50 to 7.80 and higher percentage moisture content for both Cu and Ni contaminated soil samples, of which 1% treatment showed the highest percentage moisture of 0.679% for Cu contamination and 3.16% for Ni contamination. Heavy metal contamination of soil reduces its total organic carbon and increases its cation exchange capacity. Eleusine indica is a hyperaccumulator, its root stores more heavy metals and thus suitable for phytoremediation.

scholarly journals Assessment of Spatial Variability in Soil Properties of Nagalvadi Micro-Watershed using Geospatial Techniques for Site-Specific Agricultural Input Management in Wardha District of Maharashtra

Agropedology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilima S. Sadanshiv ◽  
◽  
M.S.S. Nagaraju ◽  
J.D. Giri ◽  
Rajeev Srivastava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Moisture Retention ◽  
Available N ◽  
Soil Moisture Retention

Soil sampling at many sites is costly and time consuming and hence warrants for predicting the soil properties at un-sampled location from sampled site using spatial dependence characteristics of soil properties through interpolation with reasonable accuracy. Soil samples (0 to 20 cm depth) were collected from a regular grid of 200 by 200 m from Nagalvadi micro-watershed of Wardha district, Maharashtra and analyzed for sand, silt, clay, bulk density, pH, organic carbon, cation exchange capacity, soil moisture retention at -33 kPa and -1500 kPa, available N, P, K and micronutrient cations. Soil thematic maps were generated using semivariogram analysis and ordinary kriging. Spatial variability in soil properties indicated that sand, silt, clay, bulk density, organic carbon, cation exchange capacity, moisture retention at -33 kPa, available N, Fe, and Zn have displayed moderate spatial dependence, whereas, soil pH and available Mn showed strong spatial dependence. Soil organic carbon and soil moisture retention at -33 kPa were spatially correlated for a short range. The kriged maps of soil properties and soil fertility generated are useful for better management decisions.

Surface area of soils of contrasting mineralogies using para-nitrophenol adsorption and its relation to air-dry moisture content of soils

Soil Research ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 155 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. Hedley ◽  
S. Saggar ◽  
B. K. G. Theng ◽  
J. S. Whitton
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Independent Set ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Soil Groups

The specific surface area (SSA) of a range of soils has been measured by adsorption of para-nitrophenol (pNP). These surface soils are representative of the major soil groups of New Zealand, varying in mineralogy, clay and organic carbon contents, and cation exchange capacity (CEC). All of the soils are under pastures of introduced grasses and legumes that have been regularly fertilised and grazed. The SSAs measured by pNP are compared with the values calculated from the clay content, clay mineral composition, and organic carbon content of the soils. Measured SSAs are also related to the air-dry soil moisture contents. There is a good 1:1 relation between measured and calculated SSAs. This correspondence improves when allophanic and smectitic soils are omitted from the relation. The SSAs measured by pNP are also well correlated with the air-dry moisture content and CEC of the soils. When allophanic soils are excluded, a highly significant correlation (r = 0.894; P < 0.001) is obtained between pNP surface area and moisture content of the air-dry soils. When the same relation is applied to an independent set of soils, 89% of the variations in SSA can be accounted for. We suggest that the SSAs of many soils can be reasonably deduced from their air-dry moisture content.

EVALUASI PERUBAHAN KUALITAS TANAH PADA LAHAN BEKAS PENAMBANGAN NIKEL DI PULAU GEBE

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mardi Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Mining Activity ◽  
Evaluation Activity ◽  
Land Quality ◽  
Environment Quality

Since year 1977 until 2005, PT. ANTAM has been exploited nickel ore resources at Gebe Island – Center ofHalmahera District – North Maluku Province. Mining activity, beside give economically advantages also causedegradation of environment quality espicially land quality. Therefore, it need evaluation activity for change ofland quality at Gebe Island after mining activity.From chemical rehabilitation aspect, post mining land and rehabilitation land indacate very lack and lackfertility (base saturated 45,87 – 99,6%; cation exchange capacity 9,43 – 12,43%; Organic Carbon 1,12 –2,31%). From availability of nutrirnt element aspect, post mining land and rehabilitation land indicate verylack and lack fertility (nitrogen 0,1 – 1,19%). Base on that data, it can be concluded that land reclamationactivity not yet achieve standart condition of chemical land.Key words : land quality, post mining lan

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