A COMPARISON OF SOME TILLAGE METHODS FOR CORN ON BROOKSTON CLAY SOIL

1957 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
E. F. Bolton ◽  
J. W. Aylesworth
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Moisture Supply ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Tillage Method ◽  
Tillage Methods

Methods of mulch-planting were compared with mouldboard-ploughing methods for corn production at Woodslee during 1953, 1954 and 1955. The tillage treatments were established in second-year alfalfa sod on Brookston clay soil. On the basis of corn yield the conventional ploughing treatments were greatly superior to any mulch-plant method tested during the three years. Soil moisture studies indicated that the effect of the intercrop on the soil moisture supply was the major factor influencing crop yield, but moisture alone did not account entirely for the differences obtained in crop yield. The plough-plant method produced as good corn yields as spring ploughing in 1953 but somewhat less in 1954 and 1955. The results would suggest that an adaptation of the plough-plant method may have possible application as a tillage method for corn on the finer textured soils of southwestern Ontario.

Perennial Vine Control in Multiple Cropping Systems on a Clay Soil

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Dennis Elmore ◽  
Larry G. Heatherly ◽  
Richard A. Wesley
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Multiple Cropping ◽  
Established Population

An area of a shrink-swell clay soil (Tunica clay, Vertic Haplaquept) with an established population of redvine, trumpetcreeper, honeyvine milkweed, redberry moonseed, and maypop passionflower was treated with dicamba once in the fall of 1983. The effect on perennial vines was determined for the following 4 yr in three rotational cropping systems involving winter wheat, soybean, corn, and sorghum, all with and without irrigation. Dicamba reduced the population of perennial vines 80% over 4 yr. Redvine and trumpetcreeper, the first and second most abundant species, were reduced by over 83 and 76%, respectively. Yield of soybean increased 17% in 1985 and 1987 while corn yield increased 9% in 1986 with dicamba use. In 1984 no effects on crop yield were measured. This inconsistent crop yield reponse after dicamba treatment, even though perennial vines were suppressed, must be considered in evaluating the economics of using dicamba for perennial vine control.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of energy input-outputs of different tillage methods in second crop corn production

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 356-365
Author(s):  
Ramazan SAGLAM ◽  
Leyla SEVEN ◽  
Ferhat KUP
Keyword(s):  
Energy Input ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Energy Productivity ◽  
Output Analysis ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Tillage Methods

In this study, conventional tillage (CT), reduced tillage (RT) and zero tillage (ZT) methods energy input-output analysis during second crop corn production have been carried out. The trials were performed between 2015-2016 in Ceylanpinar Directorate of Agricultural Enterprises Karatas region, Turkey. The findings showed that among tillage methods, the least energy input was ZT (23724.15 MJ ha-1), and the most energy output was CT (138510 MJ ha-1). In energy productivity, the highest value was on ZT (5.54). The highest value in corn yield was found in CT method with 9500 kg ha-1. This is followed by ZT (9100 kg ha-1) and RT (8750 kg ha-1), respectively. As a result, although CT can be preferred due to its high yield, it has been observed that ZT and RT tillage methods should be supported especially due to its ecological and high energy productivity.

scholarly journals Impact of Climate Change on Crop Yield: A Case Study of Rainfed Corn in Central Illinois

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 1868-1881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ximing Cai ◽  
Dingbao Wang ◽  
Romain Laurent
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Risk Estimate ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Equal Weight ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Central Illinois

Abstract This paper assesses the effect of climate change on crop yield from a soil water balance perspective. The uncertainties of regional-scale climate models, local-scale climate variability, emissions scenarios, and crop growth models are combined to explore the possible range of climate change effects on rainfed corn yield in central Illinois in 2055. The results show that a drier and warmer summer during the corn growth season and wetter and warmer precrop and postcrop seasons will likely occur. Greater temperature and precipitation variability may lead to more variable soil moisture and crop yield, and larger soil moisture deficit and crop yield reduction are likely to occur more frequently. The increased water stress is likely to be most pronounced during the flowering and yield formation stages. The expected rainfed corn yield in 2055 is likely to decline by 23%–34%, and the probability that the yield may not reach 50% of the potential yield ranges from 32% to 70% if no adaptation measures are instituted. Among the multiple uncertainty sources, the greenhouse gas emissions projection may have the strongest effect on the risk estimate of crop yield reduction. The effects from the various uncertainties can be offset to some degree when the uncertainties are considered jointly. An ensemble of GCMs with an equal weight may overestimate the risk of soil moisture deficits and crop yield reduction in comparison with an ensemble of GCMs with different weight determined by the root-mean-square error minimization method. The risk estimate presented in this paper implies that climate change adaptation is needed to avoid reduced corn yields and the resulting profit losses in central Illinois.

Multiple Season Reductions in Herbicide, Downy Brome (Bromus tectorum), and Irrigation in Corn

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-378
Author(s):  
Randall S. Currie ◽  
Norman L. Klocke ◽  
Holly N. Davis ◽  
Lawrent L. Buschman
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Bromus Tectorum ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Downy Brome ◽  
No Till ◽  
Single Location ◽  
Fold Reduction ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Second Year

This research explored the use of downy brome (BROTE) as a cover crop in irrigated corn. Although BROTE is a difficult weed to control, it could not be maintained as a cover crop in no-till irrigated corn for more than one season. A 10-fold reduction in BROTE occurred in the second year of corn. By the fourth year, only one BROTE plant could be found at the two locations. Because BROTE did not persist across years, soil coverage decreased 5 to 18% in the later location-years. At one location, normal herbicide rates decreased Johnsongrass biomass more than 22-fold both years it was applied. Increasing herbicide input decreased Palmer amaranth density more than 3-fold, but only in a single location-year. In three of six location-years, level of herbicide input had no significant effect on evapotranspiration (ET). Increased BROTE biomass decreased ET 0.033 to 0.083 cm/d during the first season at both locations. Increased irrigation increased corn yield by 240 to 1,900 kg/ha in five of six location-year combinations. Half rates of in-season herbicides reduced yield only in one of six location-years. High BROTE density reduced ET but did not translate into increased crop yield. In three of six location-year combinations, high BROTE density decreased yield by 300 to 1,000 kg/ha. In a single location-year, increased surface residues provided by BROTE increased yield by 560 kg/ha. Increased irrigation inputs decreased water use efficiency (WUE) by 6.3 kg/ha-cm in a single location-year and increased WUE by 10.8 to 121.6 kg/ha-cm in four of six location-years. Increased herbicide inputs increased WUE by 10.3 kg/ha-cm in one location-year. BROTE density had no significant effect on WUE at location 1. At location 2 in the first 2 yr, WUE was increased 9.4 to 22.2 kg/ha-cm.

Effect of black clay soil moisture on the electrochemical behavior of API X70 pipeline steel

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 036523
Author(s):  
R Hendi ◽  
H Saifi ◽  
K Belmokre ◽  
M Ouadah ◽  
B Smili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Electrochemical Behavior ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Pipeline Steel ◽  
X70 Pipeline Steel ◽  
Black Clay

scholarly journals Crop Cultivation in a Greenhouse using IOT

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 4432-4437
Author(s):  
K. Akanksha
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Temperature Sensor ◽  
Moisture Level ◽  
Crop Cultivation ◽  
Moisture Sensor ◽  
Soil Moisture Sensor ◽  
Turn On ◽  
Light Sensor

Nowadays gardening has become a hobby for everyone. Everyone is showing interest in growing their own plants in their houses like terrace farming. So we have decided to do a project which can be useful for everyone even the farmers can be benefitted by our project. In our project we are preparing a greenhouse for cultivating different kinds of crops. Our greenhouse consists of arduino UNO, sensors like (temperature sensor, soil moisture sensor, colour sensor and light sensor), actuators. All these are used in sensing the outside environment and giving signals to arduino so that it sends the signal through GSM module and this GSM module will give us a message alert through our mobile phones like for example if the moisture is less in soil then we will get alert “your moisture has decreased water the plants” so that we can turn on our motor pumps to water. Here we are using thingspeak cloud for coding the arduino through IOT. Our project will also do its watering by itself when the moisture level decreases, this is done by soil moisture sensor. It is very reasonable and complete greenhouse can be constructed under Rs.10,000 which can save lots of money for the farmers. The crop yield will also be very good and this will be useful in increasing the economy of farming.

Evaluating effectiveness of rainfall index insurance

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 611-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Zhou ◽  
Johnny Siu-Hang Li ◽  
Jeffrey Pai
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Variance Reduction ◽  
Index Insurance ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Basis Risk ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Optimal Insurance ◽  
Rainfall Index ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Insurance Portfolio

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the reduction of crop yield uncertainty using rainfall index insurances. The insurance payouts are determined by a transparent rainfall index rather than actual crop yield of any producer, thereby circumventing problems of adverse selection and moral hazard. The authors consider insurances on rainfall indexes of various months and derive an optimal insurance portfolio that minimizes the income variance for a crop producer. Design/methodology/approach Various regression models are considered to relate crop yield to monthly mean temperature and monthly cumulative precipitation. A bootstrapping method is used to simulate weather indexes and corn yield in a future year with the correlation between precipitation and temperature incorporated. Based on the simulated scenarios, the optimal insurance portfolio that minimizes the income variance for a crop producer is obtained. In addition, the impact of correlation between temperature and precipitation, availability of temperature index insurance and geographical basis risk on the effectiveness of rainfall index insurance is examined. Findings The authors illustrate the approach with the corn yield in Illinois east crop reporting district and weather data of a city in the same district. The analysis shows that corn yield in this district is negatively influenced by excessive precipitation in May and drought in June–August. Rainfall index insurance portfolio can reduce the income variance by up to 51.84 percent. Failing to incorporate the correlation between temperature and precipitation decreases variance reduction by 11.6 percent. The presence of geographical basis risk decreases variance reduction by a striking 24.11 percent. Allowing for the purchase of both rainfall and temperature index insurances increases variance reduction by 13.67 percent. Originality/value By including precipitation shortfall into explanatory variables, the extended crop yield model explains more fluctuation in crop yield than existing models. The authors use a bootstrapping method instead of complex parametric models to simulate weather indexes and crop yield for a future year and assess the effectiveness of rainfall index insurance. The optimal insurance portfolio obtained provides insights on the practical development of rainfall insurance for corn producers, from the selection of triggering index to the demand of the insurance.

EFFECTS OF SOIL MOISTURE TENSIONS ON GROWTH OF WHEAT

1962 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Lehane ◽  
W. J. Staple
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
High Soil Moisture ◽  
Early Stress ◽  
Moisture Supply ◽  
Favorable Conditions

Greenhouse experiments in which wheat was grown on a limited amount of soil moisture showed that crops subjected to moisture stress at an early stage of growth yielded well on all soils tested, but that crops with moisture stress late in the season yielded poorly on loam soils. Late stress was less damaging on clay because high soil moisture tension in this soil resulted in better distribution of moisture use during the critical period.Crops grown under early stress used less moisture, but were equally as efficient in grain production as those grown under optimum conditions. Crops with moisture shortage during heading and filling were inefficient in moisture use.Similar variations in moisture efficiency caused by seasonal trends in available moisture supply have been observed under field conditions. For example, good yields of wheat were produced with a minimum of rainfall in Saskatchewan in 1958 when a shortage of moisture in May and June was followed by more favorable conditions in July.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document