Phosphorus solubility in Manitoba soils treated with pig manure from phytase supplemented diets

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 947-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. V. Ige ◽  
O. S. Abioye ◽  
O. O. Akinremi ◽  
C. M. Nyachoti ◽  
D. N. Flaten
Keyword(s):  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
P Content ◽  
Total Elimination ◽  
Phosphorus Solubility

Ige, D. V., Abioye, O. S., Akinremi, O. O., Nyachoti, C. M. and Flaten, D. N. 2011. Phosphorus solubility in Manitoba soils treated with pig manure from phytase supplemented diets. Can. J. Soil Sci. 91: 947–955. Phytase supplementation has been shown to reduce manure P content. However, this manipulation can influence manure P solubility upon land application. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to investigate the solubility of P in soils amended with manure from diets with reduced or no inorganic P supplement with and without phytase addition and to evaluate the influence of soil type on the solubility of manure P from phytase supplemented pig diets. Two calcareous and two non-calcareous Manitoba soils were amended with manure produced by pigs that were fed with diets containing different levels of supplemental inorganic P with and without phytase. Manure was applied at the rate of 75 kg P ha−1and the amended soils were incubated for 1, 4 and 16 wk. Soil P was extracted with water (H2O-P), Olsen (Ols-P) and Mehlich-3 (M3-P) solutions. Manure application mostly increased H2O-P above the control. Complete removal of supplemental inorganic P from the diet irrespective of phytase addition significantly increased M3-P (P<0.05) in the two calcareous soils during the 16-week incubation. Similarly, when no supplemental inorganic P was included in the diet, Ols-P was increased in the fine textured, calcareous soil at 16th week of incubation. Thus, the complete removal of inorganic P from pig diet has potential to increase P solubility in some soils. Addition of phytase to pig diet did not have consistent effects on the soil extractable P in these soils. Soil factor had the greatest influence (77 to 94%) on P solubility. Our results showed that while phytase supplementation with concurrent reduction in inorganic P will reduce manure P with no adverse effect on P solubility in soils, total elimination of dietary inorganic P through the use of greater rate of phytase may not be feasible as this has the potential to increase P solubility in some soils.

Relationship between phosphorus fractions and properties of highly calcareous soils

Soil Research ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebrahim Adhami ◽  
Hamid Reza Memarian ◽  
Farzad Rassaei ◽  
Ehsan Mahdavi ◽  
Manouchehr Maftoun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Hydroxylamine Hydrochloride ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Sequential Fractionation ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Fractionation Procedure ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
P Content

Inorganic phosphorus (P) sequential fractionation schemes are applicable techniques to interpret soil P status. The present study was initiated to determine the origin of various P fractions in highly calcareous soils. Inorganic P forms were determined by a sequential fractionation procedure extracting with NaOH (NaOH-P), Na citrate-bicarbonate (CB-P), Na citrate 2 times (C1-P and C2-P), Na citrate-ascorbate (CAs-P), Na citrate-bicarbonate-dithionite (CBD-P), Na acetate (NaAc-P), and HCl (HCl-P). Results showed that NaOH-P was negatively correlated with active iron oxides. CB-P was positively correlated with silt content and negatively related to citrate-bicarbonate-dithionite extractable Fe (Fed). This result illustrates the weathering effect on Ca-P, with Ca-P content declining as a consequence of weathering. A negative correlation was observed between C1-P and citrate ascorbate extractable Fe (FeCAs). Second citrate extractable P (C2-P) was negatively related to calcium carbonate equivalent and positively related to hydroxylamine-hydrochloride and neutral ammonium acetate-hydroquinone extractable Mn (Mnh and Mnq). Fine silt (Fsilt) was the most influential factor affecting CAs-P. It seemed citrate-dithionite-bicarbonate extractable Al (Ald), Mnh, and Mnq have been sinks for CBD-P, while free iron oxide compounds (Feo, Fec, and FeCAs) were a major contributing factor for the formation of NaAc-P. Stable P compounds (HCl-P) of highly calcareous soils originated from coarse silt (Csilt) and hydroxylamine-hydrochloride extractable Mn (Mnh).

SORPTION OF CARBON AND PHOSPHORUS FROM LIQUID POULTRY MANURE BY SOIL AGGREGATES OF DIFFERING SIZE

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. K. BHATNAGAR ◽  
M. H. MILLER
Keyword(s):  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Liquid Manure ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Supernatant Liquid ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
P Content ◽  
Manure Slurry ◽  
Total P

A series of laboratory experiments was conducted to determine the mechanism(s) responsible for a previously reported observation that addition of liquid manure to soil increased the NaHCO3-extractable P (Ext-P) of large aggregates (> 2 mm) more than that of smaller aggregates whereas addition of an inorganic P solution did not. Application of liquid poultry manure increased the total P, Ext-P and total C concentrations in large aggregates (> 2 mm) much more (> 2.5 ×) than that in small aggregates (< 1 mm). Addition of inorganic P solution or of supernatant liquid from a centrifuged manure slurry increased the P content of the large aggregates only slightly (1.2 ×). A greater increase in Ext-P in large aggregates was observed even when the smaller aggregates were purposely layered on top of the larger ones prior to addition of the liquid manure. A similar but less pronounced effect of aggregate size on increase in P or C concentration was observed when different sized aggregates were left in contact with an effectively infinite source of liquid manure for 24 h. It is concluded that the larger aggregates absorbed more of the bulk manure slurry than smaller aggregates. A partial sealing of small aggregates by particulates is suggested as a possible mechanism. Key words: Carbon, phosphorus, liquid manure, soil aggregates

Soil phosphorus depletion capacity of arbuscular mycorrhizae formed by maize hybrids

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Liu ◽  
C. Hamel ◽  
S. H. Begna ◽  
B. L. Ma ◽  
D. L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
P Content ◽  
Total P ◽  
Extractable Soil

The ability of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi to help their host plant absorb soil P is well known, but little attention has been paid to the effect of AM fungi on soil P depletion capacity. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to assess, under different P levels, the effects of mycorrhizae on extractable soil P and P uptake by maize hybrids with contrasting phenotypes. The experiment had three factors, including two mycorrhizal treatments (mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal), three P fertilizer rates (0, 40, and 80 mg kg-1) and three maize hybrids [leafy normal stature (LNS), leafy reduced stature (LRS) and a conventional hybrid, Pioneer 3979 (P3979)]. Extractable soil P was determined after 3, 6 and 9 wk of maize growth. Plant biomass, P concentration and total P content were also determined after 9 wk of growth. Fertilization increased soil extractable P, plant biomass, P concentration in plants and total P uptake. In contrast to P3979, the LNS and LRS hybrids had higher biomass and total P content when mycorrhizal. Mycorrhizae had less influence on soil extractable P than on total P uptake by plants. The absence of P fertilization increased the importance of AM fungi for P uptake, which markedly reduced soil extractable P under AM plants during growth. This effect was strongest for LNS, the most mycorrhizae-dependent hybrid, intermediate for LRS, and not significant for the commercial hybrid P3979, which did not respond to AM inoculation. Key words: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, extraradical hyphae, maize hybrid,plant biomass, P uptake, soil extractable P

ORGANIC AND INORGANIC P CONTENT, MOVEMENT AND MINERALIZATION OF P IN SOIL BENEATH A FEEDLOT

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. CAMPBELL ◽  
G. J. RACZ
Keyword(s):  
Field Capacity ◽  
Organic P ◽  
Field Soil ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Sample Depth ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
P Content ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Adjacent Field ◽  
Depth Water

Greater amounts of 0.5 M NaHCO3 and water-extractable P were found in soil beneath a cattle feedlot located on an alkaline sandy soil than in soil in an adjacent non-manured field. The 0.5 M NaHCO3-extractable P contents of the feedlot soil samples were greater than for the adjacent field to a depth of 120–150 cm, suggesting that P from the manure had moved to this depth. Water extracted very little P from all field samples and the feedlot samples obtained below 120 cm. Concentration of total P in the feedlot soil was usually greater than in the corresponding field soil. The field soil contained more organic P than the feedlot soil at depths of 0–90 cm. Organic P concentrations at the 0 to 15-cm depths were 268 and 56 ppm for the field and feedlot sites, respectively. The organic C:N:P ratios for the 0 to 15-cm feedlot and field samples were 214:18:1 and 132:8.7:1, respectively. Mineralization of organic P in laboratory experiments was greater in flooded soils than in soils maintained at field capacity. Rates of mineralization were greater for manured than for non-manured samples. Organic and inorganic P moved at about equal rates in soil treated with manure extract. Rates of movement of both decreased with increasing sample depth in the feedlot soil. The feedlot soil below 30 cm and the field soils exhibited a high potential for inorganic and organic P fixation. Organic and inorganic P applied as manure extract moved faster than an equivalent concentration of P as KH2PO4.

Direct and residual effect of phosphorus on dryland barley

1996 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. I. Orphanos
Keyword(s):  
Surface Soil ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
P Content ◽  
P Balance ◽  
Cropping Seasons

SUMMARYIn a 14-year experiment conducted at Athalassa in the central plain of Cyprus, phosphorus was applied (0, 30 or 60 kg P/ha) annually over the first 5-year period to rainfed barley continually grown and cut for hay at the milk stage of the grain. The bicarbonate-extractable P content in the surface soil was 4 mg/kg at the start and increased to 16 and 25 mg/kg after the five annual applications of 30 and 60 kg P/ha, respectively. The residual effect of P was monitored in the following seven crop seasons, by the end of which soil P had dropped to below the recognised 6 mg/kg threshold value for response to P. The application of P was resumed in the last two experimental seasons (1992/93 and 1993/94). In two cropping seasons, rainfall was < 140 mm and no harvestable yield was obtained. In another two seasons, in which there was adequate rainfall in December and January, there was no response to P, but in the other seasons 30 kg P/ha was sufficient for maximum yield. Concentration of P in the dry matter (DM) harvested increased in proportion to the P applied.A P balance sheet made after the first five P applications and taking into account the amount of P removed in the DM and the increase in soil bicarbonate-extractable P indicated that 29 and 26 % of the P applied with the 30 and 60 kg P/ha rates, respectively, was accounted for.The data indicate that the established threshold value of 6 mg P/kg is valid. The soil tested 180 mg/kg exchangeable K. but application of 240 or 480 kg K/ha did not increase yield.

scholarly journals Phosphorus forms and lability of organic matter during anaerobic digestion of swine manure

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (5Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2107 ◽  
Author(s):  
José de Souza Oliveira Filho ◽  
Thales Vinicius de Araújo Viana ◽  
Benito Moreira de Azevedo ◽  
Geocleber Gomes de Sousa ◽  
Marcos Gervasio Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Digestion Time ◽  
Anaerobic Reactors ◽  
Phosphorus Forms ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
P Content ◽  
Total P

Understanding the dynamics of the organic matter and nutrients in pig manure submitted to anaerobic digestion is important to assist in decision-making regarding the use of anaerobic biofertilizer in agriculture. Accordingly, this study was carried out with the objective of evaluating the changes in organic matter, quantified as the content of carbon in the humic and oxidizable fractions, and in the content of the organic and inorganic forms of phosphorus in the solid fraction of the manure, as a function of digestion time in anaerobic reactors. Evaluations were carried out after 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, and 49 days of digestion, and the results were compared to the raw manure. Changes in organic matter occurred mostly in the labile fractions (fulvic acid and the F1 fraction), the content of which underwent a reduction, favoring the accumulation of more recalcitrant fractions in the final biofertilizer (humic acid and the F2, F3, and F4 fractions). Total P content did not change throughout the digestion process. However, the size of inorganic fraction of water-extractable P decreased by 16.7% after 49 days of digestion, as it was consumed by the decomposing microbiota to form stabilized organic matter, which accumulated along with the more recalcitrant fractions of P in the final biofertilizer. Therefore, the use of swine manure-derived anaerobic biofertilizer has less risk of environmental contamination with excessive P than the direct application of raw manure to the soil.

Forms of phosphorus in virgin and fertilised calcareous soils of Western Australia

Soil Research ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Samadi ◽  
R. J. Gilkes
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Ammonium Oxalate ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Organic P ◽  
P Values ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Average Contribution ◽  
Total P

Total phosphorus (P), inorganic P (Pi), organic P, and several Pi fractions were determined for 8 fertilised calcareous soils under agriculture and their virgin analogues under natural bush to ascertain changes due to agricultural development. The relationships between soil properties and forms of P were also determined. In general, agricultural development of soils resulted in increases in total P (average 105% increase), Pi (154%), organic P (49%), Olsen P (200%), Colwell P (100%), and all Pi fractions compared with their virgin analogues. For the virgin soils, the abundance of the Pi fractions was in the order: Al-P>O-P (occluded P)>Fe-P>Ca10-P = Ca2-P>Ca8-P, which changed to Al-P>Ca8-P>Ca2-P>Ca10-P>Fe-P>O-P for fertilised soils. The average contribution of each fraction to the increase in total Pi was Al-P (29%), Ca8-P (26%), Ca2-P (18%), Fe-P (13%), Ca10-P (13%), and O-P (4%). The change in Ca8-P was closely correlated with the content of the active fraction of calcite in the soil (ACCE). The increase in Fe-P associated with agriculture was highly correlated with citrate-dithionite-bicarbonate (CDB) extractable Fe (Fed) and acid-ammonium oxalate extractable Fe (Feo). The increase in Al-P was correlated with the ratio of acid-ammonium oxalate extractable Al (Alo) to Feo. Both Olsen and Colwell NaHCO3-extractable P were highly correlated with Ca2-, Al-, Fe-, and Ca10-P, and total P values. Multiple regression analysis indicated that Ca2-P and Ca10-P were major contributors to available P as determined by the Olsen and Colwell soil tests.

scholarly journals Comparison of fractionation methods for soil phosphorus with soils subjected to various long-term fertilization regimes on a calcareous soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. e3
Author(s):  
Xin Jin ◽  
Changlu Hu ◽  
Asif Khan ◽  
Shulan Zhang ◽  
Xueyun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Organic P ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
P Fractionation ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Soil P

Background Diverse phosphorus (P) fractionation procedures presented varying soil P fractions, which directly affected P contents and forms, and their biological availability. Purpose To facilitate the selection of phosphorus (P) fractionation techniques, we compared two procedures based on a long-term experiment on a calcareous soil. Methods The soils containing a gradient P levels were sampled from seven treatments predictor under various long-term fertilizations. The P fractions were then separated independently with both fractionation procedures modified by Tiessen-Moir and Jiang-Gu. Results The results showed that the labile P in Jiang-Gu is significantly lower than that in Tiessen-Moir. The iron and aluminium-bounded P were greater in Jiang-Gu by a maximum of 46 mg kg−1 than Tiessen-Moir. Jiang-Gu fractionation gave similar Ca bounded P to that Tiessen-Moir did at low P level but greater contents at high P level. The two methods extracted much comparable total inorganic P. However, Tiessen-Moir method accounted less total organic P than ignition or Jiang-Gu method (the organic P (Po) estimated by subtract the total inorganic P (Pi) in Jiang-Gu fractionation from the total). P uptake by winter wheat was significantly and positively correlated with all phosphorus fractions in Jiang-Gu; Resin-P, NaHCO3-Pi, D. HCl-P, C. HCl-Pi, NaOH-Po, total-Po in Tiessen-Moir; P fraction categories of Ca-P, Fe & Al-P and total-Pi in both fractionations. Path coefficients indicated that Ca2-P in Jiang-Gu, NaHCO3-Pi and D. HCl-P in Tiessen-Moir had the higher and more significant direct contributions to P uptake among P fractions measured. Conclusions Our results suggested that Jiang-Gu procedure is a better predictor in soil P fractionation in calcareous soils, although it gives no results on organic P fractions.

Stratification, forms, and mobility of phosphorus in the topsoil of a Chromosol used for dairying

Soil Research ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 277 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Dougherty ◽  
D. M. Nash ◽  
D. J. Chittleborough ◽  
J. W. Cox ◽  
N. K. Fleming
Keyword(s):  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Exponential Relationship ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
P Content ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Total P

The forms and stratification of soil phosphorus (P) and their relationship to mobile forms of P were investigated in soils collected from a subcatchment used for grazing of dairy cattle in the Adelaide Hills, South Australia. Phosphorus in the soils was highly stratified. The concentration of calcium chloride extractable P in the 0–0.01 m increment was, on average, 5.7 times greater than in the 0.05–0.10 m increment. Organic P (% of total P) in the top 0.01 m was significantly (P < 0.001) related to soil P content such that low P soils (total P of ~600 mg/kg) had high proportions of Po (~65%), whereas high P soils (total P of ~2000 mg/kg) had low proportions (~25%) of Po. Runoff P from these soils was predominantly (86%) dissolved (i.e. <0.45 μm). There was a significant (P < 0.001) exponential relationship between Olsen P in the top 0.01 m and dissolved P concentration in runoff. The form of dissolved P in runoff from soil in repacked trays was also significantly (P < 0.001) related to soil P. Runoff from low P soils (high Po) had high proportions (>50%) of dissolved unreactive P (DUP), whereas runoff from high P soils (low Po) had low proportions of DUP (<10%). Ultrafiltration of runoff samples revealed that 94 and 65% of the dissolved reactive P and DUP, respectively, was subcolloidal (i.e. <1 nm). These results highlight the relationship between soil fertility, the forms of soil P, and the concentrations and forms of P mobilised in runoff. Such relationships need to be considered in further studies of P mobilisation and the subsequent development of strategies designed to reduce runoff P concentrations.

Urban pollution control strategy: SBR technology to treat agricultural waste from pig farm in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Lindawati Lindawati
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Piggery Wastewater ◽  
Pig Farm ◽  
Number Of Customers

Reduction of food rations and shortages is one of the impacts of the increasing human population. Food sector industries then try to cope with the fast growing number of customers. Agribusiness sector gains its popularity in these recent years, including pig farm. The increase trend of animal farming industry is likely to bring increasing pollution problem unless effective treatment methods are used. The main problems related to the pig farm include odor nuisance and pig manure disposal. The existing land application of piggery wastewater is the traditional way to discharge the wastewater. This may yield in land and water contamination, due to the accumulation of unused nutrients by crop plant. A case study of a large commercial pig farm from Australia is proposed to apply in smaller scale in Indonesia. Operational strategies for the small-scale SBR (Sequencing Batch Reactor) treating piggery effluent were developed based on lab-scale experiments. Due to SBR characteristics, which are money-saving and space-saving, it is very suitable to be applied in urban area. An economic evaluation was made of various process options. The cost estimation showed that SBR is a cost effective process, allowing operational batches to be adjusted to reduce unnecessary aeration cost. A reduction in the aeration cost was achieved by shortening the batch time from 24-h to 8-h. A comparison of three different SBR options showed that smaller size reactors could be more flexible and cost effective when compared with the larger ones.

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