Probability distribution functions for short-term daily nitrous oxide fluxes in a prairie pothole agricultural landscape in western Canada

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Moulin ◽  
Mario Tenuta ◽  
David Lobb ◽  
Adedeji Dunmola ◽  
Priyantha Yapa
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Prairie Pothole ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Probability Distribution Functions ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Variability

Moulin, A., Tenuta, M., Lobb, D., Dunmola, A. and Yapa, P. 2011. Probability distribution functions for short-term daily nitrous oxide fluxes in a prairie pothole agricultural landscape in western Canada. Can. J. Soil Sci. 91: 303–307. Probability distributions of N2O fluxes are often non-normal due to large temporal and spatial variability of environmental factors. The most common approaches to statistical analyses of these fluxes in the scientific literature are to transform data with a log function, or conduct non-parametric tests. Analysis of N2O flux data for 128 sites within a 16-ha field, taken on 20 dates in 2005 and 2006 near Brandon, Manitoba, show that the Johnson Su and generalized log probability distributions provided the best fit for the majority of sample dates. The results of this research indicate that statistical analysis of N2O fluxes with the Johnson Su probability function should be considered as an alternative to the lognormal function.

Parameterization of multifractal cascade models based on their breakdown coefficients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
César Aguilar Flores ◽  
Alin Andrei Carsteanu
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Rainfall Intensity ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Asymptotic Properties ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Marginal Probability ◽  
Probability Distribution Functions ◽  
Marginal Probability Distribution ◽  
Cascade Models

<p>Breakdown coefficients of multifractal cascades have been shown, in various contexts, to be ergodic in their (marginal) probability distribution functions, however the necessary connection between the cascading process (or a tracer thereof, such as rainfall) and the breakdown coefficients of the measure generated by the cascade, was missing. This work presents a method of parameterization of certain types of multiplicative cascades, using the breakdown coefficients of the measures they generate. The method is based on asymptotic properties of the probability distributions of the breakdown coefficients in “dressed” cascades, as compared with the respective distributions of the cascading weights. An application to rainfall intensity time series is presented.</p>

scholarly journals PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS APPLIED IN THE WATER REQUIREMENT ESTIMATES IN IRRIGATION PROJECTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-199
Author(s):  
Rafael Dreux Miranda Fernandes ◽  
Jefferson vieira José ◽  
Wagner Wolff ◽  
Jéfferson de oliveira Costa ◽  
Marcos Vinícius Folegatti
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Probability Distribution Functions ◽  
Irrigation Projects ◽  
Irrigated Area ◽  
Production Knowledge ◽  
Sustainable Irrigation

ABSTRACT Spain contains a third the entire irrigated area of Europe, accounting for 15% of the cultivated area of the country and almost 60% of the national agricultural production. Knowledge of the spatial and temporal variability of reference evapotranspiration (ETo) and the probabilistic theory of extreme events is crucial for the elaboration of sustainable irrigation projects. The objective of this work was to define the frequency distribution that best describes ETo for the design of irrigation systems in the region of Andalusia. We used ETo data for the period 2001 to 2015 from 56 meteorological stations. The values were accumulated over three consecutive days. For all accumulated periods, nine probability distributions were adjusted. The probability distribution that best described ETo for the design of irrigation systems in the region was the Gumbel II distribution. The maximum daily ETo to be considered in irrigation projects in this region is, on average, 10 mm. The accumulated ETo for periods of 5, 10, and 30 days that should be considered are, on average, 42 mm, 78, mm and 224 mm, respectively.

Probability Distribution Functions for the Random Forced Burgers Equation

1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (10) ◽  
pp. 1904-1907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weinan E ◽  
Konstantin Khanin ◽  
Alexandre Mazel ◽  
Yakov Sinai
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Burgers Equation ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Probability Distribution Functions

Exploring probability distribution functions best-fitting the kinetic energy of coarse particles at above threshold flow conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Farhadi ◽  
Manousos Valyrakis
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Test Section ◽  
Particle Transport ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Probability Distribution Functions ◽  
Transport Regime

<p>Applying an instrumented particle [1-3], the probability density functions of kinetic energy of a coarse particle (at different solid densities) mobilised over a range of above threshold flow conditions conditions corresponding to the intermittent transport regime, were explored. The experiments were conducted in the Water Engineering Lab at the University of Glasgow on a tilting recirculating flume with 800 (length) × 90 (width) cm dimension. Twelve different flow conditions corresponding to intermittent transport regime for the range of particle densities examined herein, have been implemented in this research. Ensuring fully developed flow conditions, the start of the test section was located at 3.2 meters upstream of the flume outlet. The bed surface of the flume is flat and made up of well-packed glass beads of 16.2 mm diameter, offering a uniform roughness over which the instrumented particle is transported. MEMS sensors are embedded within the instrumented particle with 3-axis gyroscope and 3-axis accelerometer. At the beginning of each experimental run, instrumented particle is placed at the upstream of the test section, fully exposed to the free stream flow. Its motion is recorded with top and side cameras to enable a deeper understanding of particle transport processes. Using results from sets of instrumented particle transport experiments with varying flow rates and particle densities, the probability distribution functions (PDFs) of the instrumented particles kinetic energy, were generated. The best-fitted PDFs were selected by applying the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and the results were discussed considering the light of the recent literature of the particle velocity distributions.</p><p>[1] Valyrakis, M.; Alexakis, A. Development of a “smart-pebble” for tracking sediment transport. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics (River Flow 2016), St. Louis, MO, USA, 12–15 July 2016.</p><p>[2] Al-Obaidi, K., Xu, Y. & Valyrakis, M. 2020, The Design and Calibration of Instrumented Particles for Assessing Water Infrastructure Hazards, Journal of Sensors and Actuator Networks, vol. 9, no. 3, 36.</p><p>[3] Al-Obaidi, K. & Valyrakis, M. 2020, Asensory instrumented particle for environmental monitoring applications: development and calibration, IEEE sensors journal (accepted).</p>

Design for Project Change Management: Part 2 — Attribute Design

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Xue ◽  
S. Y. Cheing ◽  
P. Gu
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Probability Distribution Functions ◽  
Construction Tasks ◽  
Design Attribute ◽  
Value Changes ◽  
Design Aspect

This research introduces a new systematic approach to identify the optimal design configuration and attributes to minimize the potential construction project changes. The second part of this paper focuses on the attribute design aspect. In this research, the potential changes of design attribute values are modeled by probability distribution functions. Attribute values of the design whose construction tasks are least sensitive to the changes of these attribute values are identified based upon Taguchi Method. In addition, estimation of the potential project change cost due to the potential design attribute value changes is also discussed. Case studies in pipeline engineering design and construction have been conducted to show the effectiveness of the introduced approach.

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