Macroaggregate-associated physical and chemical properties of a no-tillage chronosequence in a Miamian soil

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. Ochoa ◽  
M. K. Shukla ◽  
R. Lal
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Slope Position ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
The Past ◽  
Available Water ◽  
Available Water Content ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

No-tillage (NT) has been shown to increase macroaggregate stability and soil organic carbon (SOC). Our objective was to quantify the effects of NT duration and slope position on macroaggregate-associated bulk density (ρb), available water content (AWC), hydrolysable and nonhydrolysable OC concentrations in fields under corn rotation. All fields were on Oxyaquic Hapludalfs (Alfisols) classified as Miamian soil. Macroaggregates (5-8 mm diameter) were separated from triplicate soil samples collected from 0-10 and 10-20 cm depths of the summit slope (SS) and toe slope (TS) positions from four fields under NT for the past 15 yr (NT15), 10 yr (NT10), 6 yr (NT6) and also from a chisel-tilled field (NT0) to a depth of 20 cm. At the SS position, macroaggregate-associated hydrolysable and nonhydrolysable OC were greater for NT15 than NT6 in both depths. At the TS position, hydrolysable OC was greater for NT10 than NT6 in the 0-10 cm depth only. Macroaggregate-associated AWC and hydrolysable OC were positively related to the NT duration, especially at the SS position. A positive correlation was obtained between water-stable macroaggregates (WSA) and hydrolysable OC at both depths and slope positions. A negative correlation between WSA and nonhydrolysable OC was observed at SS and TS positions in the 0-10 cm depth only. The increase in aggregate-associated hydrolysable OC at the SS position of fields under NT for 15 yr indicates that C accretion in macroaggregates is likely dependent on the continuation of NT.Key words: No-tillage, macroaggregate-associated available water content, hydrolysable carbon, nonhydrolysable carbon, macroaggregate stability

Topochemical synthesis of low-dimensional nanomaterials

Nanoscale ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (43) ◽  
pp. 21971-21987
Author(s):  
Qicheng Zhang ◽  
Wenchao Peng ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Fengbao Zhang ◽  
Xiaobin Fan
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Bulk Materials ◽  
The Past ◽  
Low Dimensional ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Over the past several decades, nanomaterials have been extensively studied owing to having a series of unique physical and chemical properties that exceed those of conventional bulk materials.

scholarly journals Synthesis and applications of nanoporous perovskite metal oxides

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (15) ◽  
pp. 3623-3637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiubing Huang ◽  
Guixia Zhao ◽  
Ge Wang ◽  
John T. S. Irvine
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Metal Oxides ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Oxygen Mobility ◽  
Redox Behaviour ◽  
The Past ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Perovskite Type ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Perovskite-type metal oxides have been widely investigated and applied in various fields in the past several decades due to their extraordinary variability of compositions and structures with targeted physical and chemical properties (e.g., redox behaviour, oxygen mobility, electronic and ionic conductivity).

scholarly journals Tillage and no-tillage effects on physical and chemical properties of an Argiaquoll soil under long-term crop rotation in Buenos Aires, Argentina

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Clara Sokolowski ◽  
Barbara Prack McCormick ◽  
Javier De Grazia ◽  
José E. Wolski ◽  
Hernán A. Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

scholarly journals Microbiological, physical and chemical properties of joruk (fermented fish product) with different levels of salt concentration

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dyah Koesoemawardani ◽  
LULU ULYA AFIFAH ◽  
NOVITA HERDIANA ◽  
A.S. SUHARYONO ◽  
ESA GHANIM FADHALLAH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Fermented Fish ◽  
Fish Product ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Abstract. Koesoemawardani D. Afifah LU, Herdiana N, Suharyo AS, Fadhallah EG, Ali M. 2021. Microbiological, physical, and chemical properties of joruk (fermented fish product) with different levels of salt concentration. Biodiversitas 22: 132-136. Joruk is a fermented fish product originated in Ogan Komering Ulu Timur, South Sumatra, Indonesia. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of salt on the microbiological, physical and chemical properties of joruk. This research was arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), with treatment of salt concentrations at 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30% (w/w). The follow-up test used the Least Significance Difference (LSD) at 5%. The result of this study showed that the addition of 10% salt produced the best joruk with the best microbiological and chemical properties as follows: total LAB of 8.75 log cfu/g, total microbes of 13.25 log cfu/g, and total mold of 4.27 log cfu/g, pH of 5.85, total lactic acid of 2.97%, Total Volatile Base (TVB) of 153.05 mgN /100g, and water content of 59.33%. Based on this study, it is concluded that the addition of salt at different concentrations significantly affects the pH, total lactic acid, total lactic acid bacteria (LAB), and water content of joruk.

scholarly journals Soil Disintegration Characteristics of Collapsed Walls and Influencing Factors in Southern China

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 797-806
Author(s):  
Hongyi Zhou ◽  
Huixia Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Red Soil ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Abstract Collapsed walls cause collapsed mounds, and the disintegration characteristics of collapsed walls are thus closely linked with the occurrence of collapsed mounds. The current study examines the disintegration characteristics and the physical and chemical properties of collapsed walls. A multilevel analysis was conducted by obtaining soil samples from four layers of a collapsed wall. The results showed that 1) the physical and chemical properties of the soil samples (red soil layer, sandy soil layer, debris layer, gravel and eluvial breccia) are closely related to the weathering degree of the crust; 2) gravel and eluvial breccia disintegrated in the shortest time, whereas red soil exhibited the slowest disintegration in the vertical section of the collapsed wall. The order of the disintegrating ratio of the layers is as follows: red soil layer < sandy soil layer < debris layer < gravel and eluvial breccia. Initial water content significantly influenced the disintegration ratio of the red soil layer and sandy soil layer, whereas its effect on the debris layer and gravel eluvial breccia is minimal; and 3) most of the physical and chemical properties of the collapsed wall are significantly correlated with the disintegration ratio of the soil sample. The following physical and chemical properties, which are positively correlated with the disintegration ratio, are arranged based on highest to lowest correlation coefficient: sand content, MgO, natural water content, K2O, CaO, exchangeable sodium, pH, porosity, Na2O, and cation exchange capacity. The following physical and chemical properties, which are negatively correlated with the disintegration ratio, are organized based on highest to lowest correlation coefficient: cosmid, Fe2O3, silt particle, Al2O3, TiO2, SiO2, organic matter, free iron oxide, and free alumina. Only exchangeable calcium, saturated water content, specific gravity of soil particles, and dry density of soil particles are significantly correlated with the disintegration ratio. The correlation coefficient indicates that the disintegration ratio and soil structure, as well as the chemical content of clay minerals, are closely correlated. The study helps explain the mechanism of wall collapse and provides references for developing protective measures against erosion.

scholarly journals Influence of Main Works Systems on Physical and Chemical Properties of the Soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 1726-1730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oana-Maria Muscalu (Plescan) ◽  
Valentin Nedeff ◽  
Ioan Gabriel Sandu ◽  
Elena Partal ◽  
Emilian Mosnegutu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Agricultural Research And Development ◽  
Air Speed ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The purpose of this research have been to determine the influence of soil main works systems (no tillage, fall tillage, spring tillage, discing in) on the physical properties (penetration hardness, air speed in soil) and chemical properties (humidity, humus, total nitrogen, calcium, chlorides) of the soil. The experiments have been carried out in the experimental field of National Agricultural Research and Development Institute - Fundulea, Romania, for a corn monoculture. The highest values of the soil penetration hardness have been recorded for the corn monoculture for which the spring tillage system had been applied (4.9 MPa, working depth 15-30 cm). The lowest values of total nitrogen and chlorides content have been recorded for the corn monoculture for which the fall tillage system had been applied (1.37 mg/kg d.s., working depth 15-30 cm) in the case of the total nitrogen and for the corn monoculture - discing in system (4.43 mg/100g sol, working depth 0-15 cm).

Design of 2D materials – MSi2CxN4-x (M = Cr, Mo, and W; x = 1 and 2) - with tunable electronic and magnetic properties

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bowen Li ◽  
Jiazhong Geng ◽  
Haoqiang Ai ◽  
youchao Kong ◽  
Haoyun Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
2D Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
First Principle ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Electronic And Magnetic Properties ◽  
The Past ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted increasing interest in the past decades due to their unique physical and chemical properties for diverse applications. In this work, we present a first-principle design...

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