scholarly journals Management and modification procedures for long-term field experiments

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Poulton
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Modern Agriculture ◽  
Long Term Experiments ◽  
Term Field

Long-term experiments like those at Rothamsted in southeast England offer the best practical means of studying the effects of land management or global change on soil fertility, sustainability of yield or wider environmental issues. For the data from such experiments to be of use, farmers, scientists and policy makers must be certain of their validity. This is best assured by the rigorous management of the experiment, by ensuring that any changes are carefully considered and that all operations are well-documented. A steady flow of well-interpreted, published data is also essential. This paper gives examples of how the long-term field experiments at Rothamsted have been managed and how modifications have been made to ensure their relevance to modern agriculture. Key words: Rothamsted, sustainability, long-term experiments, global change

scholarly journals The Rothamsted long-term experiments: Are they still relevant?

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Poulton
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Global Change ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Atmospheric Pollution ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Land Management Practice ◽  
Long Term Experiments

Maintaining soil fertility and sustaining or increasing crop yield is of worldwide importance. Many factors impact upon the complex biological, chemical and physical processes which govern soil fertility. Changes in fertility caused by acidification, declining levels of organic matter, or P and K status may take many years to appear. These properties can in turn be affected by external influences such as atmospheric pollution, global change, or changes in land management practice. Long-term experiments provide the best practical means of studying changes in soil properties and processes and providing information for farmers, scientists and policy makers. This paper shows how the experiments run at Rothamsted in southeast England continue to provide data which are highly relevant to today's agriculture and wider environmental concerns. Examples are given of how crop yield is affected by soil organic matter, by pests and disease and by P nutrition. The effect of atmospheric pollution on soil acidity and the mobilization of heavy metals are also examined. The need for making better use of existing long-term experiments is stressed. Key words: Soil fertility, sustainability, long-term experiments, global change

Use of a network of long-term experiments for analysis of soil carbon dynamics and global change: the North American model

1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 929 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Paustian ◽  
ET Elliott ◽  
HP Collins ◽  
CV Cole ◽  
EA Paul
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Soil C ◽  
C Dynamics ◽  
Sampling Campaign ◽  
Long Term Experiments ◽  
Term Field

Soils contain a large proportion of the carbon (C) in the terrestrial biosphere, yet the role of soils as a sink or a source of net atmospheric C flux is uncertain. In agricultural systems, soil C is highly influenced by management practices and there is considerable interest in adapting management systems to promote soil C sequestration, thereby helping to mitigate atmospheric CO2 increases. Long-term field experimental sites represent a unique source of information on soil C dynamics, and networks of such sites provide a key ingredient for making large-scale assessments of soil C change across ranges in climate and soil conditions and management regimes. Currently, there are collaborative efforts to develop such site networks in Australia, Europe, and North America. A network of long-term experiments in North America was established to provide baseline information on the effects of management (i.e. tillage, crop rotations, fertilisation, organic amendments) on soil organic matter. Historical data on soils, primary productivity, climate, and management were synthesised by scientists from the individual field sites, representing a total of 35 long-term field experiments. An additional cross-site soil sampling campaign was carried out to provide uniform comparisons of soil C and nitrogen (N), both within and across sites. Long-term field experiments are a principle component necessary for regional assessments of soil C dynamics. We describe a general methodology for combining long-term data with process-oriented simulation models and regional-level, spatially resolved databases. Such analyses are needed to assess past and present changes in soil C at regional to global scales and to make projections of the potential impacts of changes in climate, CO2, and landuse patterns on soil C in agroecosystems.

Critical plant phosphorus for winter wheat assessed from long-term field experiments

2021 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 126263
Author(s):  
Mario Fontana ◽  
Gilles Bélanger ◽  
Juliane Hirte ◽  
Noura Ziadi ◽  
Saïd Elfouki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Term Field

Long-term field experiments of the world

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 465-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katalin Debreczeni ◽  
Martin Körschens
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
The World ◽  
Term Field

Soil test phosphorus as affected by phosphorus budgets in two long-term field experiments in Germany

2018 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 158-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa Zicker ◽  
Sabine von Tucher ◽  
Mareike Kavka ◽  
Bettina Eichler-Löbermann
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Phosphorus Budgets ◽  
Soil Test Phosphorus ◽  
Term Field
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