Chlorophyll degradation in summer oilseed rape and summer turnip rape during seed ripening

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ward ◽  
R. Scarth ◽  
J. K. Vessey ◽  
J. K. Daun
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Chlorophyll Degradation ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Turnip Rape ◽  
Chlorophyll Breakdown ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Endogenous Ethylene

Chlorophyll breakdown in ripening seed of three summer rape cultivars (Brossica napus L.) and one summer turnip rape cultivar (Brassica rapa L.) was investigated to clarify the influence of genotype, environment, seed moisture and endogenous ethylene production. Final seed chlorophyll levels were determined for summer oilseed rape and turnip rape cultivars grown at several locations during 4 yr. Both genotype and environment affected seed chlorophyll levels at harvest, but genotype by environment interactions were minimal for the cultivars included in this study. Differences in maturity did not adequately explain the genotypic variation among the rape cultivars tested. Rates of seed chlorophyll breakdown, moisture loss and ethylene evolution were measured in ripening seeds of three rape cultivars. Stellar, Delta and Westar had significantly different rates of seed chlorophyll breakdown. Lower temperatures resulted in slower chlorophyll degradation. Chlorophyll and moisture (expressed as percentage seed mass) were positively correlated in ripening seed, but moisture loss occurred at the same rate during seed ripening in all cultivars and environments. Chlorophyll and endogenous ethylene production were positively correlated, but the peak of ethylene production occurred after moisture loss and chlorophyll breakdown had begun, implying that an increase in endogenous ethylene was not the trigger for the initiation of these events. Key words: Chlorophyll degradation, green seed, ripening, moisture loss, ethylene, oilseed rape, turnip rape

Effects of genotype and environment on seed chlorophyll degradation during ripening in four cultivars of oilseed rape (Brassica napus)

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 643-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ward ◽  
R. Scarth ◽  
P. B. E. McVetty ◽  
J. Daun
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Chlorophyll Degradation ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Canola Seed ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Chlorophyll Breakdown ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On

The rate of chlorophyll degradation in ripening canola seed was investigated using two sowing dates in each of 2 yr at one location and four cultivars of oilseed rape (Brassica napus), Westar, Regent, Global and Tribute. In general, the cultivars had the same rate of chlorophyll breakdown when grown in the same environment. All cultivars had a slower rate of chlorophyll breakdown in the late versus the early seeding date. The chlorophyll degradation rate using log ppm chlorophyll versus days showed significant differences between the two seeding dates and 2 yr in the study. The use of growing degree days (GDD) to determine rate of chlorophyll degradation removed many of these significant differences, confirming a major influence of temperature on the rate of chlorophyll breakdown. A second study correlating swathing date and chlorophyll levels in harvested canola seed indicated that rapid moisture loss from the seed fixed the chlorophyll at a higher level than that obtained with a slow moisture loss. Seeds harvested from the side branches contained more chlorophyll than seeds from the main stems. Late seeding resulted in higher seed chlorophyll levels at harvest. Low seed chlorophyll levels could be achieved if canola was sown early, using a high seeding rate to reduce branching, and swathed at physiological maturity under conditions which allow for slow moisture loss from the seed in the field.Key words: Oilseed rape, seed chlorophyll, Brassica napus

scholarly journals Inhibition of Ethylene Production in Banana Fruit Tissue by Ethylene Treatment

1971 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 885 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Vendrell ◽  
WB Mcglasson
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Banana Fruit ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Fruit Tissue ◽  
Ethylene Treatment ◽  
Chlorophyll Breakdown ◽  
Endogenous Ethylene ◽  
Exogenous Ethylene

A temporary ethylene treatment, sufficient to stimulate ripening in banana fruit tissue, partly suppresses endogenous ethylene production and the evolution of ethylene from methionine. The production of endogenous ethylene does not return to rates normal for naturally ripening fruit after the exogenous ethylene is removed. The extent of inhibition is related to the concentration of applied ethylene up to 5-10 p.p.m., and to the duration of treatment within the period 12 hI' to 3 days. Other characteristics of ripening appear to develop normally, except in the shorter treatments, where respiration shows a lower climacteric peak and chlorophyll breakdown is delayed.

How long does it take for different seeds to dry?

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 575 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Hill ◽  
Will Edwards ◽  
Peter J. Franks
Keyword(s):  
Seed Mass ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Exponential Model ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Desiccation Rate ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Moisture Deficit ◽  
Negative Exponential Model ◽  
Negative Exponential

Reduction in rainfall and intensification of dry season moisture deficit threaten to expose desiccation-sensitive seeds in the seasonal tropics to greater potential negative effects of desiccation. A determinate affecting the recruitment of species under increased aridity is how quickly desiccation-sensitive seeds dehydrate. We investigated the rate of seed moisture loss in 24 species that produce desiccation-sensitive seeds in a seasonal tropical forest and tested the common hypothesis that seeds conform to a simple negative exponential model of moisture loss with time. A negative exponential model described moisture loss in 14 species, but was not the best model for the remaining 10 species. Moisture loss in eight species was best described by a double-negative exponential model and by a double-linear model in the remaining two species. We then tested the hypothesis that seed mass could predict the rate of desiccation between and within species. Within species the time to a given state of desiccation could be predicted by seed mass for eight species. Between species there was no relationship between desiccation rate and seed mass. We conclude that different modes of water loss and seed structural features may be more important than seed mass in prolonging desiccation.

Chlorsulfuron Induction of Leaf Abscission in Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)

Weed Science ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry H. Hageman ◽  
Richard Behrens
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Cellulase Activity ◽  
Abutilon Theophrasti ◽  
Abscission Zone ◽  
Leaf Abscission ◽  
Butenoic Acid ◽  
Endogenous Ethylene

In velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrastiMedic. ♯3ABUTH), accelerated leaf abscission was a conspicuous response following foliar chlorsulfuron {2-chloro-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino] carbonyl] benzenesulfonamide} treatment at 35 g ai/ha. Leaf abscission of treated plants was decreased by AVG [L-2-amino-4-(2-aminoethoxy)-trans-3-butenoic acid], an inhibitor of endogenous ethylene production. Chlorsulfuron stimulated ethylene production in the abscission zone and leaves of treated plants and also increased cellulase activity in the abscission zone. Accelerated leaf abscission of velvetleaf following chlorsulfuron application appears to result from chlorsulfuron-induced increases in endogenous ethylene production and cellulase activity.

Endogenous Ethylene Production and Flowering of Bromeliaceae

Ethylene ◽  
1984 ◽  
pp. 165-166
Author(s):  
M. De Proft ◽  
L. Jacobs ◽  
J. A. De Greef
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Endogenous Ethylene

Involvement of ethylene in postharvest senescence of Boronia heterophylla flowers

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 911 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Macnish ◽  
P. J. Hofman ◽  
D. C. Joyce ◽  
D. H. Simons
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Flower Senescence ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Endogenous Ethylene ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Postharvest Senescence

Summary. Treatment of cut flowering Boronia heterophylla (red boronia) stems with 10 L ethylene/L for 72 h at 20°C induced flower senescence and abscission, and thereby reduced stem fresh weight and vase life. Pre-treatment with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) reduced these ethylene effects. Treatment of B. heterophylla with 10 L ethylene/L for a shorter 12 h period at 20°C did not affect vase life. Rates of endogenous ethylene production by B. heterophylla flowers increased in association with wilting during flower senescence.

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