Effect of drip and sprinkle irrigation on yield and quality of five tomato cultivars in southwestern Ontario

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Tan

The purpose of this study was to assess yield and quality of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) in response to drip (DI) and sprinkle irrigation (SI) in southwestern Ontario. Three irrigation treatments, DI, SI and no irrigation (NI) and five tomato cultivars, FM6203, H2653, H722, OH7814 and PUR812, grown on a Fox sandy loam soil, were evaluated during four growing seasons between 1986 and 1989. Both DI and SI increased the marketable tomato yield in 3 of 4 yr. In general, DI resulted in higher tomato yields than SI, but this was only statistically significant in 1 yr. Sprinkle irrigation out performed drip irrigation in one hot, dry year in 1988. Throughout the 4 yr, OH7814 was consistently high yielding, H2653 was consistently low yielding and FM6203, H722 and PUR812 performed more consistently than the other cultivars. In wet years, yield differences due to cultivar treatments were greater than those due to irrigation treatments, while in dry years, yield differences due to both irrigation and cultivar treatments were highly significant. Soluble solids and total solids were decreased by DI and SI. The DI produced the most uniform soil moisture regime, followed by SI. The NI plots had the greatest degree of water stress, as indicated by the low soil water potential, low stomatal conductance and elevated crop canopy temperature. Key words:Lycopersicon esculentum, yield, soil water potential

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 531e-531
Author(s):  
Erik B. G. Feibert ◽  
Clint C. Shock ◽  
Monty Saunders

Onions were grown with different soil water potentials as irrigation criteria to determine the soil water potential at which optimum onion yield and quality occurs. Furrow irrigation treatments in 1992 and 1993 consisted of six soil water potential thresholds (-12.5 to -100 kPa). Soil water potential in the first foot of soil was measured by granular matrix sensors (Watermark Model 200SS, Irrometer Co., Riverside, CA) that had been previously calibrated to tensiometers on the same silt loam series. Both years, yield and market grade based on bulb size (more jumbo and colossal onions) increased with wetter treatments. In 1993, a relatively cool year, onion grade peaked at -37.5 kPa due to a significant increase in rot during storage following the wetter treatments. These results suggest the importance of using moisture criteria to schedule irrigations for onions.


HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 837D-837
Author(s):  
Clinton C. Shock ◽  
Erik B.G. Feibert ◽  
Lamont D. Saunders

Six soil water potential irrigation criteria (–12.5 to –100 kPa) were examined to determine levels for maximum onion yield and quality. Soil water potential at 0.2-m depth was measured by tensiometers and granular matrix sensors (Watermark Model 20055, Irrometer Co., Riverside, Calif.). Onions are highly sensitive to small soil water deficits. The crop needs frequent irrigations to maintain small negative soil water potentials for maximum yields. In each of 3 years, yield and bulb size increased with wetter treatments. In 1994, a relatively warm year, onion yield and bulb size were maximized at –12.5 kPa. In 1993, a relatively cool year, onion marketable yield peaked at –37.5 kPa due to a significant increase in rot during storage following the wetter treatments.


Irriga ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-292
Author(s):  
LUCIO ADERITO DOS ANJOS VEIMROBER JUNIOR ◽  
ALISSON JADAVI PEREIRA DA SILVA ◽  
HANS RAJ GHEYI ◽  
MAIRTON GOMES DA SILVA ◽  
FÁBIO TAYRONE OLIVEIRA DE FREITAS ◽  
...  

QUALIDADE FÍSICO-QUÍMICA DE FRUTOS DE MARACUJAZEIRO EM FUNÇÃO DAS FORMAS DE PROPAGAÇÃO E POTENCIAIS DE ÁGUA NO SOLO     LÚCIO ADERITO DOS ANJOS VEIMROBER JÚNIOR1; ALISSON JADAVI PEREIRA DA SILVA2; HANS RAJ GHEYI1; MAIRTON GOMES DA SILVA1; FÁBIO TAYRONE OLIVEIRA DE FREITAS1 E MAURÍCIO ANTÔNIO COELHO FILHO3   1 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, Núcleo de Engenharia de Água e Solo, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Rua Rui Barbosa, 710 - Campus Universitário, CEP: 44380-000, Cruz das Almas-BA, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 2 Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Baiano, Rua Waldemar Mascarenhas, s/n, CEP: 44350-000, Governador Mangabeira-BA, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] 3 Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura, Rua Embrapa, s/n, CEP: 44380-000, Cruz das Almas-BA, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected]     1 RESUMO   No presente estudo foram avaliadas a qualidade físico-química de frutos de maracujazeiro (Passiflora edulis Sims, ‘BRS Gigante Amarelo’) propagado a partir de sementes e estaquia sob diferentes potenciais de água no solo. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação, entre os meses de novembro de 2019 e junho de 2020, na Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Cruz das Almas, BA. O maracujazeiro foi cultivado em lisímetros de drenagem, cada um com área superficial de 1,44 m² e altura de 0,6 m, preenchidos com solo de textura franco-arenosa. Adotou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2 x 4: duas formas de propagação vegetativa (semente e estaquia) e quatro potenciais matriciais de água no solo (-6, -10, -20 e -33 kPa), com quatro repetições. Avaliaram-se as massas frescas do fruto e da polpa, diâmetro e comprimento do fruto, razão comprimento/diâmetro do fruto, rendimento da polpa do fruto, espessura da casca, sólidos solúveis totais, acidez total titulável, razão entre sólidos solúveis totais/acidez total titulável e pH da polpa. As formas de propagação afetaram as principais variáveis da qualidade física dos frutos do maracujazeiro. A qualidade química da polpa dos frutos do maracujazeiro não foi afetada pelos fatores em estudo.   Palavras-chave: Passiflora edulis Sims, manejo da irrigação, reprodução vegetal.     VEIMROBER JÚNIOR, L. A. A.; SILVA, A. J. P.; GHEYI, H. R.; SILVA, M. G.; FREITAS, F. T. O.; COELHO FILHO, M. A. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL QUALITY OF PASSION FRUIT UNDER PROPAGATION METHOD AND WATER POTENTIAL IN THE SOIL   2 ABSTRACT In this study, the physicochemical quality of passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims, ‘BRS Gigante Amarelo’) propagated from seeds or cuttings and subjected to different soil water potential was evaluated. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, between November 2019 and June 2020, at the Federal University of Recôncavo of Bahia, Cruz das Almas, BA. The passion fruit was grown in drainage lysimeters, each one with a surface area of 1.44 m² and 0.6 m high, and filled with sandy loamy soil. The experiment was performed in a completely randomized design in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme: two forms of vegetative propagation (seed or cuttings) and four soil water potential (-6, -10, -20, and -33 kPa), with four replicates. Fruit fresh weight, fresh weight of the fruit pulp, fruit diameter and length, fruit length/diameter ratio, fruit pulp yield, rind thickness, total soluble solids, total titratable acidity, total soluble solids/total titratable acidity ratio and pH of the pulp was evaluated. The forms of propagation affected the main physical quality variables of the fruits of passion fruit. The chemical quality of the passion fruit pulp was not affected by the factors under study.  Keywords: Passiflora edulis Sims, irrigation management, vegetative propagation.


HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 1188-1191 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.C. Shock ◽  
E.B.G. Feibert ◽  
L.D. Saunders

Onion (Allium cepa L., `Great Scott') was grown on silt loam soils and submitted to four irrigation thresholds (-25, -50, -75, and -100 kPa) in 1992 and six irrigation thresholds (-12.5, -25, -37.5, -50, -75, and -100 kPa) in 1993 and 1994. Irrigation thresholds (soil water potential measured at 0.2-m depth) were used as criteria to initiate furrow irrigations. Onions were evaluated for yield and grade after 70 days of storage. In 1992 and 1994, total yield, marketable yield, and profit increased with increasing irrigation threshold. In 1993, total yield increased with increasing irrigation threshold, but marketable yield and profit were maximized by a calculated threshold of -27 kPa due to a substantial increase of decomposition during storage with increasing threshold.


2009 ◽  
Vol 134 (5) ◽  
pp. 574-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nauja Lisa Jensen ◽  
Christian R. Jensen ◽  
Fulai Liu ◽  
Karen K. Petersen

We investigated the effect of full irrigation (FI), deficit irrigation (DI), partial root zone drying (PRD), and nonirrigation (NI) on soil and plant–water relations, leaf stomatal conductance (gs), and abscisic acid (ABA) concentration in the xylem sap ([ABA]xylem) of pot-grown strawberry plants (Fragaria ×ananassa cv. Honeoye) in a greenhouse experiment. The DI and PRD treatments, irrigated with 70% of the volume of FI, reduced soil water content (θ), whereas crown water potential (ψcrown), leaf water potential (ψleaf), and gs were only significantly reduced from 11 to 15 days after initiation of irrigation treatments. Although [ABA]xylem was not significantly affected by the DI and PRD treatments, the NI plants increased [ABA]xylem, which coincided with decreased ψcrown, ψleaf, and gs 3 to 4 days after withholding irrigation. When ψcrown dropped below a critical value of −0.4 MPa, [ABA]xylem was linearly correlated with ψcrown. The gs tended to decrease as a function of [ABA]xylem, but gs was also affected by the water vapor pressure deficit (VPD) of the air. It is concluded that we did not observe a significant difference between strawberry plants grown in PRD and DI because ψcrown had to be below −0.4 MPa and soil water potential (ψsoil) had to be below −0.25 MPa before [ABA]xylem increased, these values were only reached toward the end of the experimental period (11–15 days after initiation of irrigation treatments).


2011 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Lin ◽  
Wenwen Li ◽  
Jingqing Shao ◽  
Weihong Luo ◽  
Jianfeng Dai ◽  
...  

1979 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 980-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. G. Heatherly ◽  
W. J. Russell

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6880
Author(s):  
Mohammad Amdadul Haque ◽  
Siti Zaharah Sakimin ◽  
Phebe Ding ◽  
Noraini Md. Jaafar ◽  
Mohd Khanif Yusop ◽  
...  

In agricultural production, nitrogen loss leads to economic loss and is a high environmental risk affecting plant growth, yield, and quality. Use of the N fertilizer with a urease inhibitor is thus necessary to minimize N losses and increase the efficiency of N. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of N-(n-butyl) Thiophosphoric Triamide (NBPT) on the growth, yield, and quality of pineapple. The experiment involved two foliar fertilizer treatments: 1% (w/v) urea solution with NBPT (2.25 mL kg−1 urea) was treated as NLU (NBPT Liquid Urea), and the same concentration of urea without NBPT served as the control. Both were applied 12 times, starting 1 month after planting (MAP) and continuing once a month for 12 months. The application of urea with NBPT notably increased the above-ground dry biomass per plant (20% and 10% at 8 and 12 MAP, respectively), leaf area per plant (23% and 15% at 8 and 12 MAP, respectively), N accumulation per plant (10%), PFPN (Partial Factor Productivity) (13%), and average fruit weight (15%) compared to the treatment with urea alone (control). The analysis of quality parameters indicated that urea with NBPT improves TSS (Total Soluble Solids) (19%), ascorbic acid (10%), and sucrose (14%) but reduces the total organic acid content (21%) in pineapple. When using urea with a urease inhibitor (NBPT), there was a significant improvement in growth, yield, quality, and nitrogen use efficiency, with the additional benefit of reduced nitrogen losses, in combination with easy handling. Hence, urea with a urease inhibitor can be used as a viable alternative for increasing pineapple yield by boosting growth with better fruit quality.


Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1208
Author(s):  
Massimiliano Bordoni ◽  
Fabrizio Inzaghi ◽  
Valerio Vivaldi ◽  
Roberto Valentino ◽  
Marco Bittelli ◽  
...  

Soil water potential is a key factor to study water dynamics in soil and for estimating the occurrence of natural hazards, as landslides. This parameter can be measured in field or estimated through physically-based models, limited by the availability of effective input soil properties and preliminary calibrations. Data-driven models, based on machine learning techniques, could overcome these gaps. The aim of this paper is then to develop an innovative machine learning methodology to assess soil water potential trends and to implement them in models to predict shallow landslides. Monitoring data since 2012 from test-sites slopes in Oltrepò Pavese (northern Italy) were used to build the models. Within the tested techniques, Random Forest models allowed an outstanding reconstruction of measured soil water potential temporal trends. Each model is sensitive to meteorological and hydrological characteristics according to soil depths and features. Reliability of the proposed models was confirmed by correct estimation of days when shallow landslides were triggered in the study areas in December 2020, after implementing the modeled trends on a slope stability model, and by the correct choice of physically-based rainfall thresholds. These results confirm the potential application of the developed methodology to estimate hydrological scenarios that could be used for decision-making purposes.


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