Tillage effect on root rot severity, growth and yield of beans

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Tan ◽  
J. C. Tu
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Susceptible Cultivar ◽  
Deep Tillage ◽  
Rhizoctonia Root Rot ◽  
Field Plots

The effect of soil tillage on plant growth, yield and root rot severity of beans was investigated in field plots with and without root rot infestation in 1992 and 1993. There was a significant reduction in root rot severity, and an increase in plant dry weight and yield in the root-rot-infested soils with deep tillage in both years. Deep tillage also significantly increased plant dry weight and yield in the non-root-rot soils in a dry year. The resistant cultivar (A300) had significantly less root rot damage than the susceptible cultivar (Harowood) in both root rot and non-root rot infested soils. Significant differences in plant dry weight and yield in relation to cultivars were not detected. Therefore, deep tillage can reduce soil compaction and increase yield of beans and reduce root rot severity. Key words:Phaseolus vulgaris L., deep tillage, fusarium root rot, rhizoctonia root rot, yield

Effects of cultivation on Rhizoctonia root rot, cereal cyst nematode, common root rot and yield of wheat in the Victorian Mallee

1991 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 367 ◽  
Author(s):  
RFde Boer ◽  
JF Kollmorgen ◽  
BJ Macauley ◽  
PR Franz ◽  
Boer RF De
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Cereal Cyst Nematode ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Root Diseases ◽  
Rhizoctonia Root Rot ◽  
Direct Drilling

The effects of method, time and number of cultivations on root diseases and yield of wheat were studied in a field experiment, in 1985, on a calcareous sandy loam in the Victorian Mallee. The incidence and severity of rhizoctonia root rot (Rhizoctonia solani) were higher in direct-drilled wheat than in wheat sown after cultivation. Compared with direct drilling, the severity of rhizoctonia root rot in seedlings was reduced by 40% with cultivation 20 weeks before sowing; by 70% with cultivation 1 day before sowing; and by 90% with 2 cultivations, the first at 16 weeks and the second 1 day before sowing. Cultivation generally increased the incidence of common root rot (Bipolaris sorokiniana) but had no significant effects on the severity of damage by the cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae) or the number of nematode cysts produced, compared with direct drilling. The incidence and severity of root diseases, and the number of H. avenae cysts produced, were not significantly different in wheat sown after rotary hoeing than in wheat sown after scarifying. The severity of damage by H. avenae, the number of nematode cysts and the incidence of common root rot were higher (45, 70 and 36%, respectively) when scarifying was done 1 day before sowing, compared with scarifying 20 weeks earlier. Differences in sowing depth probably caused this effect since seed was sown deeper (as indicated by subcrown internode lengths) and plant emergence was less in the latter treatment. The timing and number of cultivations with a rotary hoe, however, did not significantly affect the severity of damage by H. avenae, the number of nematode cysts or the incidence of common root rot. The incidence of common root rot was correlated (r = 0.71) with the subcrown internode lengths, indicating that the deeper the seed was sown the greater the proportion of plants with the disease. Dry weight of seedlings and grain yield were negatively correlated (r = -0.79 and -0.66) with the severity of damage caused by H. avenae. Plant dry weight and grain yield were, however, not correlated with the severity of rhizoctonia root rot or the incidence of common root rot.

scholarly journals Pertumbuhan, hasil, dan kandungan kromium kangkung darat akibat kombinasi macam dan dosis bahan organik pada media tanam tercemar

Kultivasi ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Intan Nurcahya ◽  
Noertjahyani Noertjahyani ◽  
Hudaya Mulyana
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Water System ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Water Spinach ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Sari. Kangkung darat merupakan salah satu tanaman yang dapat menyerap logam berat. Hal ini berkaitan dengan pertumbuhan, hasil, dan keamanan kangkung sebagai bahan konsumsi. Pencemaran lahan pertanian dapat disebabkan dari kegiatan industri, salah satunya yaitu limbah penyamakan kulit yang mengandung logam berat kromium yang mengairi lahan pertanian. Pemberian bahan organik merupakan salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan hasil tanaman kangkung darat dan menyerap logam berat. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi macam dan dosis bahan organik pada media tercemar kromium penyamakan kulit terhadap pertumbuhan, hasil dan kandungan kromium pada tanaman kangkung darat. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan sembilan perlakuan dan tiga kali ulangan. Perlakuan kombinasi macam dan dosis bahan organik terdiri dari serasah daun, pupuk kandang kambing, dan kascing dengan dosis masing-masing 5 t ha-1, 10 t ha-1dan 15 t ha-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan kombinasi macam dan dosis bahan organik pada media tercemar kromium penyamakan kulit berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan, dan hasil tanaman kangkung darat. Kombinasi kascing 15 t ha-1 memberikan pengaruh yang lebih baik terhadap tinggi tanaman, bobot segar per tanaman, dan bobot kering per tanaman, sedangkan pemberian serasah daun 5 t ha-1 menghasilkan tanaman kangkung darat dengan kandungan kromium yang lebih rendah (51,33 mgkg-1) dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya tetapi tanaman dengan kadar tersebut belum aman untuk dikonsumsi.Kata Kunci : kangkung darat, bahan organik, kromium, hasilAbstract. Water spinach is a heavy metal accumulator plant if grown in polluted soils. This raises the concern of water spinach safety as one of the most consumed vegetables in Asian household. Land pollution in water spinach cultivation area can be caused by industrial activities that involve heavy metals such as tannery. Industrial waste such as chrome leaches to the water system that eventually will be used as irrigation source for agriculture. Organic fertilizer is a potential solution to increase water spinach growth, yield, and absorb heavy metal contaminants. This research evaluated the effect of type and dosage of organic fertilizer on water spinach that grown in chromium-polluted soils. This research design used Randomized Block Design (RBD) with nine treatments and three replication. The treatment of combination of types and dosages of organic fertilizer. There were dried leaves, goat manure, and vermicompost with dosage of 5 t ha-1, 10 t ha-1 and 15 t ha-1. The results of this research showed that the effect of combination of organic fertilizer type and dosages at chrome polluted media gave better effect on growth, and yield of water spinach. Giving vermicompost of 15 t ha-1 gaves better effect on plant height, fresh weight of plant, and dry weight of plant, meanwhile the doses of 5 t ha-1dried leaves showed the lowest chrome content compared to other treatments, but these plants are still unsafe for consumption due to high chrome content.Keywords: water spinach, organic fertilizer, chromium, yield

scholarly journals Effect of Different NPK Levels on Fodder Production of Sudan Grass (Sorghum bicolor var. Sudanese)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-204
Author(s):  
Shiv Raj Singh ◽  
◽  
Manoj Kumar Singh ◽  
Aakash ◽  
Kamlesh Meena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

A field experiment was conducted at R.G.S.C, Banaras Hindu University, Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh, India during 2016 in kharif season (Sep.-Oct.) The aim was to evaluate the effect of different nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium level on fodder production of sudan grass (Sorghum bicolor var. Sudanese) for optimization of growth and yield, crude protein content and economics of sudan grass. The experimental was laid out in split plot design with four levels of nitrogen i.e. 60 kg N ha1, 80 kg N ha1, 100 kg N ha1 and 120 kg N ha-1 as main plot treatments and in the sub-plot three levels of phosphorus and potassium i.e. 30 kg P2O5+20 kg K2O ha-1, 40 kg P2O5+25 kg K2O ha-1 and 50 kg P2O5+30 kg K2O ha-1) were taken. The research findings revealed that application of nitrogen @ 120 kg ha-1 resulted maximum growth characters i.e. plant height (191.25 cm), number of leaf (8.02 plant-1), fresh weight (124.47 g plant-1), dry weight (21.10 g plant-1) and green fodder production (11455 kg ha-1), and as well as recorded maximum crude protein of sudan grass. The higher net return (` 7920.32 ha1) was also recorded with nitrogen @ 120 kg ha-1 and in case of levels of phosphorus and potassium the application of 50 kg P2O5+30 kg K2O ha-1 enhanced the growth, yield, quality and economics of sudan grass.

Soil and cotton responses to tillage and ameliorant treatments in a brown clay soil. 2. Growth, yield and quality of cotton

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (44) ◽  
pp. 325 ◽  
Author(s):  
WA Muirhead ◽  
J Lovedy ◽  
JE Saunt
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Deep Tillage ◽  
Gypsum Application

Furrow irrigated cotton was grown in 1965-66 and 1966-67 on previously uncultivated dense clay soil to which the following treatments were applied before sowing in 1965 ; normal ploughing (18 cm), precision ripping (30 cm), deep ploughing (40 cm), deep ripping (60 cm), and deep ploughing and deep ripping combined, with and without application of gypsum at 10 tons an acre or organic matter at 2 1/2 tons an acre. Each of the three deep tillages increased lint yield by about 12 per cent in the first season, but in the second season the combined deep ripping and deep ploughing alone gave a significant increase of 17 per cent. Precision ripping had no influence on yield. The gypsum treatment gave increases in both seasons (16 per cent in 1966 and 34 per cent in 1967) whereas organic matter had no effect. The higher yields were produced from a greater number of larger bolls, on taller, more vigorous plants with more main stem nodes. These effects on plant growth and yield were interpreted as resulting from the changes in subsoil porosity and water entry at irrigation (reported previously). As with the soil properties, the tillage and ameliorant treatments did not interact significantly on plant growth and yield. Changes in the quality of the lint accompanied the yield increases. Deep tillage and particularly gypsum application produced finer (lower Micronaire values), but longer and more elastic fibres than the control. However, differences between seasons were generally greater than those due to treatments, and the lowering of Micronaire values by gypsum or deep tillage could be regarded as either beneficial or deleterious depending on the seasonal conditions during lint development. By improving soil tilth, gypsum application increased seedling establishment and hence yield potential, and this could be of considerable practical significance in commercial crops grown on soils responsive to gypsum.

Mixed Planting of Potato Cultivars: Growth, Yield and Leafminer Damage in the Cool Tropics

1991 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Midmore ◽  
J. Alcazar
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Tuber Growth ◽  
Susceptible Cultivar ◽  
Premium Price ◽  
Potato Foliage ◽  
Intercepted Radiation

SummaryThe influence of planting mixtures of two potato cultivars on the incidence of leafminer fly (Liriomyza huidobrensis (Blanchard)) and on damage to potato foliage, and the effect on growth and yield, was studied in two field experiments in coastal Peru. Climatic differences between the two years of the experiments (1983 and 1984) had a greater effect than did cultivar mixtures on adult fly populations and on the numbers of feeding punctures and pupae per leaflet. Mixtures reduced the number of pupae in the tolerant cultivar, but increased it in the susceptible cultivar; in contrast, mixed planting tended to decrease the adult populations and feeding punctures in the susceptible cultivar of each mixture. In neither year did mixture yields or intercepted radiation exceed those of the highest-yielding sole crop, although land equivalent ratios (LER) reached 1.19. Considering the cultivars' different maturity rates and their tuber growth curves, it is probable that the later maturing cultivar of each mixture was able to exploit available light after, and perhaps even before, senescence of the earlier cultivar. Mixed planting of potato could be beneficial but only to farmers who plant both early and late cultivars, under conditions where the early harvest commands a premium price.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Aplikasi Biostimulan Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Sawi (Brassica juncea L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Rismawaty Saban ◽  
Henry Kesaulya ◽  
Jeanne I Nendissa
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Mustard Plant

This study aimed to determine the effect of different biostimulant applications (solid and liquid) on the growth and yield of mustard plants. This study used a single factor Randomized Block Design (RBD), consisting of solid or liquid biostimulant treatment, each has twelve levels, i.e. K0 = without biostimulant, K1 = NPK 1 g per plant, solid and liquid biostimulant each consisting of 10 treatments = B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8, B9, B10. Solid biostimulant was given at 2.5 g per plant and liquid biostimulant at 10 ml per plant. The results showed that liquid biostimulant gave a significant effect on plant height, crop fresh weight, and crop dry weight; whereas solid biostimulant gave a very significant effect on entire weight, i.e. fresh weight of mustard plant, fresh root weight, and crop dry weight. The best treatment for liquid biostimulant was B1 treatment; whereas for the solid biostimulant was B7 treatment. Keywords: biostimulant, mustard, growth, yield   ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi biostimulan yang berbeda (biostimulan padat dan cair) terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman sawi. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok faktor tunggal yang terdiri dari perlakuan Biostimulan (padat dan cair) yang masing-masing perlakuan terdapat dua belas taraf (P): K0 = tanpa biostimulan, K1 = NPK 1 g/tan, Biostimulan padat dan cair masing-masing terdiri dari 10 perlakuan = B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8, B9, B10. Biostimulan padat 2.5 g/tan dan biostimulan cair 10 ml/tan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa biostimulan cair memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman sawi, berat segar tanaman, dan berat kering tanaman, sedangkan biostimulan padat memberikan pengaruh yang sangat nyata terhadap semua bobot berat tanaman sawi yaitu berat segar tanaman, berat segar akar, dan berat kering tanaman. Perlakuan terbaik untuk biostimulan cair adalah perlakuan B1, sedangkan untuk biostimulan padat perlakuan yang terbaik adalah perlakuan B7. Kata kunci: biostimulan, sawi, pertumbuhan, produksi

Effect of Azospirillum Inoculation on Growth and Yield of Lentil

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
M Motiur Rahman ◽  
Sanzida Mubassara ◽  
Sirajul Hoque ◽  
Zahed UM Khan
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Azospirillum Lipoferum ◽  
Lens Esculenta ◽  
Stages Of Growth

A field experiment was conducted in 2005 to evaluate the effect of some isolates of Azospirillum brasilense and Azospirillum lipoferum on growth and yield of lentil (Lens esculenta). Azospirillum inoculation significantly enhanced the early emergence of lentil seeds in the field. The inoculation caused the increase in height of the lentil plants at various stages of growth. Due to inoculation fresh weight and dry weight of lentil plant were increased during pre-flowering and post-flowering stages. Significant increase in the number of pods per plant and grain weight due to Azospirillum inoculation was observed. It was also found that the population of Azospirillum increased significantly in the inoculated root samples of lentil plants. Keywords: Azospirillum, Inoculation, Growth, Yield, Lentil (Lens esculenta)DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v24i1.1233 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 24, Number 1, June 2007, pp.30-33

THE EFFECT OF PHOSPHATE DEFICIENCIES ON INFECTION OF WHEAT BY FUSARIUM CULMORUM

1938 ◽  
Vol 16c (1) ◽  
pp. 27-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Greaney
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Phosphatic Fertilizers

The influence of phosphate deficiencies on infection of wheat by Fusarium culmorum (W. G. Sm.) Sacc. was studied. Marquis wheat was grown in pot cultures of quartz sand with different types of manuring, including a fully manured control, and four series having deficiencies of phosphate. One-half of the pots were inoculated with F. culmorum and sown with inoculated seed, the remainder served as uninoculated controls. The plants were grown for 36 days. The experimental data were treated by the analysis of variance method.Under the conditions of the experiment, deficiencies in phosphate did not significantly increase or decrease the susceptibility of wheat plants to root rot caused by F. culmorum. On the other hand, deficiencies in phosphate significantly reduced root development and total dry weight of the plants. The results suggest that the effect of phosphatic fertilizers is much more important on plant growth and yield than on the severity of infection by F. culmorum.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document