Growth stress induces glucosinolate changes in pakchoy (Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis)

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 595-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Shattuck ◽  
W. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Turnip Mosaic Virus ◽  
Growth Stress ◽  
Leafy Vegetable ◽  
Separate Experiment ◽  
N Nutrition ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Key Words:Brassica

Glucosinolates (GS) are sulphur-containing compounds that yield breakdown products that contribute to the characteristic flavor and aroma of Cruciferae crops. No studies have been conducted on the influence of the environment on the GS levels in the leafy vegetable pakchoy (Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis). Because of the importance of GS, we studied in two separate experiments, the effect of nitrogen (N) nutrition and turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) infection on the GS content of this vegetable. As part of our study in a separate experiment, we also determined the GS profile of developing plants from 5 to 35 d. Nitrogen was applied at 14, 84, and 224 mg L−1 and plants were manually inoculated with TuMV during early (15 d) and late (30 d) development. Plants were grown hydroponically and harvested 35 or 36 d after seeding. Developing plants accumulated GS in leaf tissues. Nine GS were detected in pakchoy tissues. Plants supplied with 14 mg L−1 N and those infected with TuMV during early development had lower fresh and dry weights and had higher total GS content than control plants. Alterations in the concentrations and relative percentages of several GS were also evident in these plants. A decline in the 1-methoxy-3-indolylmethyl-GS percentage in the mature leaf tissues of stressed plants commonly occurred. Data from these experiments indicated that certain GS changes in pakchoy were tissue and stress specific. Key words:Brassica, glucosinolates, nitrogen, turnip mosaic virus

scholarly journals First Report of Turnip mosaic virus in Watercress in Mauritius

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (8) ◽  
pp. 919-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gungoosingh ◽  
S. P. Beni Madhu ◽  
D. Dumur
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Turnip Mosaic Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
National University ◽  
Causal Pathogen

In July 1999, leaf mosaic and distortions were observed on watercress in the region of Camp de Masque, in the eastern part of Mauritius. Electron microscopy of crude sap preparations revealed the presence of 720 nm, flexuous filamentous particles. Virus detection by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and virus sequencing by A. Mackenzie (Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National University) confirmed the identity of the causal pathogen as Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) in November 1999. A survey was initiated in January 2000, covering the 44 major watercress ponds across the island. Two hundred seventy-five samples (231 symptomatic; 44 symptomless) were collected from 22 localities. TuMV was detected by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) using commercial antisera (Agdia Inc.). Plant extracts were prepared by cutting approximately 20 g of leaf samples into small pieces, from which 1.0 to 1.5 g were used in the evaluation. Eighty-one percent of symptomatic samples (187 out of 231) were TuMV positive; all of the symptomless samples were TuMV negative. Symptoms on infected watercress included leaf mosaic, mottling, distortions, general yellowing, and plant stunting. TuMV has since been detected on all three commonly grown watercress varieties in Mauritius: Brède Doux, Brède Blanc, and Constance. Under local conditions, TuMV affects the quality and thus the commercial value of the crop. Additional hosts of TuMV among local brassicas are also being determined, and to date the virus has been detected in turnip (Brassica campestris spp. rapa), pak choi (Brassica campestris spp. chinensis), and petsai (Brassica campestris spp. pekinensis).

scholarly journals Comparison of two Turnip mosaic virus P1 proteins in their ability to co-localize with the Arabidopsis thaliana G3BP-2 protein

Virus Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-237
Author(s):  
Hendrik Reuper ◽  
Björn Krenz
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Specific Interaction ◽  
Viral Proteins ◽  
Turnip Mosaic Virus ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
C Terminus ◽  
Positive Sense ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Large Host

AbstractTurnip mosaic virus (TuMV), belonging to the genus Potyvirus (family Potyviridae), has a large host range and consists of a single-stranded positive sense RNA genome encoding 12 proteins, including the P1 protease. This protein which is separated from the polyprotein by cis cleavage at its respective C-terminus, has been attributed with different functions during potyviral infection of plants. P1 of Turnip mosaic virus (P1-TuMV) harbors an FGSF-motif and FGSL-motif at its N-terminus. This motif is predicted to be a binding site for the host Ras GTPase-activating protein-binding protein (G3BP), which is a key factor for stress granule (SG) formation in mammalian systems and often targeted by viruses to inhibit SG formation. We therefore hypothesized that P1-TuMV might interact with G3BP to control and regulate plant SGs to optimize cellular conditions for the production of viral proteins. Here, we analyzed the co-localization of the Arabidopsis thaliana G3BP-2 with the P1 of two TuMV isolates, namely UK 1 and DEU 2. Surprisingly, P1-TuMV-DEU 2 co-localized with AtG3BP-2 under abiotic stress conditions, whereas P1-TuMV-UK 1 did not. AtG3BP-2::RFP showed strong SGs formation after stress, while P1-UK 1::eGFP maintained a chloroplastic signal under stress conditions, the signal of P1-DEU 2::eGFP co-localized with that of AtG3BP-2::RFP. This indicates a specific interaction between P1-DEU 2 and the AtG3BP family which is not solely based on the canonical interaction motifs.

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