Row spacing and seeding rates to optimize safflower yield on the Canadian prairies

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-H. Mündel ◽  
R. J. Morrison ◽  
T. Entz ◽  
R. E. Blackshaw ◽  
B. T. Roth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Content ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Seed Yields

Nine experiments were conducted in Alberta and Manitoba between 1988 and 1991 to determine the effect of row spacing and seeding rates on safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) yield, oil content, test weight and maturity. Row spacings of 15 and 30 cm at Morden had little effect on yield, while in southern Alberta there was a tendency toward increased yields with narrow rows (23 cm) compared with wide rows (46 cm). Seeding rates of 32–40 kg ha−1 were required to obtain maximum seed yields. Oil content, test weight, and days to maturity were not consistently affected by row spacing or seeding rate. Key words:Carthamus, row spacings, seeding rates, yield, oil, test weight, maturity

EFFECTS OF SEEDING RATE AND ROW SPACING ON AGRONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF GLENLEA, PITIC 62 AND NEEPAWA WHEATS

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. BRIGGS
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Narrow Row ◽  
Plot Design

Three cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.), Glenlea, Pitic 62 and Neepawa, were grown in a seeding rate and row spacing experiment at two locations in 1972 and 1973. In a split-plot design, row spacings of 15, 23 and 30 cm were used as main plots, and subplot seeding rates of 33.6, 67.3 and 100.9 kg/ha were applied for each cultivar. Data were collected on yield, days to maturity, plant height, lodging, kernel weight and test weight. The few significant effects of row spacing indicated that narrow row spacings tend to increase yield and decrease days to maturity. Higher seeding rates per unit area generally resulted in higher yields for all cultivars and, to some extent, earlier maturity. Glenlea wheat seeded at 100.9 kg/ha gave the highest yield in all tests, and at this seeding rate took an average 125 days to reach maturity, compared to 120 days for Neepawa and 129 days for Pitic 62. Seeding rate had virtually no effect on height, kernel weight or test weight of any of the wheats.

The influence of agronomic practices on the yield and oil content of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) in the Wimmera region of Victoria

1975 ◽  
Vol 15 (73) ◽  
pp. 270 ◽  
Author(s):  
JC Naughtin
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
Large Yield ◽  
Yield Responses

Between 1970 and 1972 three experiments were conducted in the Wimmera region of Victoria to investigate the effect of time of sowing, weed control, seeding rate and row spacing on the yield and oil content of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius). June sowing produced the best yields, although on occasions May or July sowings yielded equally well. There were large yield responses to weed control and seeding rates of at least 17 kg ha-1 were necessary. Higher yields were obtained from a row spacing of 0.18 m than from one of 0.36 m. Oil content was not affected by any experimental variable and showed little variation between the three years.

Residue management increases seed yield of three turfgrass species on the Canadian prairies

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. D. Gossen ◽  
J. J. Soroka ◽  
H. G. Najda
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
The Impact

Little information is available on the management of turfgrass species for seed production in the Canadian prairies. The objective of these studies was to assess the impact of residue management and row spacing on seed yield under irrigation. A factorial experiment was seeded at Saskatoon, SK, in 1993 to assess the impact of burning or scalping (very close mowing with residue removal) vs. mowing, and 20- vs. 40-cm row spacing on seed yield of Kentucky bluegrass (KBG) (Poa pratensis), creeping red fescue (CRF) (Festuca rubra subsp. rubra) and creeping bentgrass (CBG) (Agrostis palustris). Also, a residue management trial on KBG was seeded at Brooks, AB, in 1993. At Saskatoon, yield was higher at 20-cm spacing across all three species in 1994, but spacing had no impact on winter survival, stand density, tiller growth or yield in subsequent years. Burning and scalping consistently resulted in earlier spring green-up, a higher proportion of fertile tillers, and higher seed yield than mowing. Even with residue management, yield declined after one harvest in CBG and CRF, and after two harvests in KBG. At Brooks, residue management had a similar impact on yield of KBG. A second trial at Brooks examined the impact of row spacing (20, 40, 60 cm) and seeding rate (0.5 to 6 kg seed ha-1) on KBG. Seed yield was highest at 40-cm spacings in 1994, at 60 cm in 1995, and at 40 to 60 cm in 1996. Seeding rate did not have a consistent effect on yield. We conclude that a combination of residue management and 20- to 40-cm spacings provide the highest, most consistent seed yields for these turfgrass species in this region. Key words: Burning, clipping, turfgrass, seed production, row spacing, Poa, Festuca, Agrostis

Seeding-date effects on yield, quality and maturity of safflower

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-H. Mündel ◽  
R. J. Morrison ◽  
R. E. Blackshaw ◽  
T. Entz ◽  
B. T. Roth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Content ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Maturity Degree ◽  
Accumulated Degree Days

Experiments were conducted for 4 yr at Lethbridge and Brooks, Alberta, and at Morden, Manitoba, to determine the effect of seeding date, cultivar (Saffire, S-208 and Cargill-3) and location on safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) yield, oil content, test weight and maturity; and the effect of accumulated degree–days (DD) on yield, oil content and test weight. The early-maturing cultivar, Saffire, produced the least variable yields across seeding dates. For locations and years where fall frosts did not occur before maturity, Cargill-3 produced good yields, even with late seeding; S-208 yielded less in similar situations; however, S-208 generally outyielded Saffire. Highest yields were obtained at Brooks by seeding in late April, at Lethbridge, by seeding in late April or early May. However, at both Alberta locations, Saffire could usually be seeded to mid-May without major yield reduction. At Morden, seeding during the third week of May provided optimum yields. Seeding date had little influence on oil content. Later seeding dates tended to reduce days to maturity and test weight. Safflower matured 3 wk earlier at Morden (earliest site) than at Lethbridge (latest site), with maturity at Brooks averaging 4–8 days earlier than at Lethbridge. Plants required more DD to reach maturity at Morden than at either Alberta location. DD was positively associated with yield of S-208 at both Lethbridge and Morden; for Saffire, only at Lethbridge; and for Cargill-3, only at Morden. DD generally did not significantly affect oil or test weight. Key words: Safflower, Carthamus, agronomy, seeding dates, yield, oil, test weight, maturity, degree–days

Genetic components analysis in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss) under Saharanpur districts

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
Amit Tomar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Plant Oil ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Days To Flowering ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Days To Maturity

Regression coefficient ‘b1’ deviated from unity for length of main raceme, Number of secondary branches per plant, test weight, oil content, Number of siliquae per plant, seed yield per plant. The estimates of additive components ( Dˆ ), dominance components ( 1 Hˆ and 2Hˆ ) were highly significant for days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height, length of main raceme, number of siliquae per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, oil content, test weight and seed yield per plant .All the estimates of Fˆ (mean of Fr value, where Fr is the proportion of negatives effects of Genes in rth parents) was positive and significant number of siliquae per plant, days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height and except for which is highly significant whereas days to maturity was negative and significant. The estimates of 2 hˆ were positive and highly significant for days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height, length of main raceme, oil content, test weight and seed yield per plant. The estimates of mean degree of dominance ( 1Hˆ / Dˆ ) 0.5 were more than unity for length of main raceme, number of secondary branches per plant, oil content, test weight and seed yield per plant.

YIELD RESPONSE OF RAPESEED TO ROW SPACING AND RATES OF SEEDING AND N-FERTILIZATION IN INTERIOR ALASKA

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. LEWIS ◽  
C. W. KNIGHT
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Interior Alaska ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
High Precipitation

The effects of row spacings, seeding rates, and N-fertilization rates on yield of Candle, a cultivar of Brassica campestris L., were studied for 2 yr in interior Alaska. Rows were spaced at 18 and 36 cm. Seeding rates were 3, 7 and 13 kg ha−1. Fertilizer N was broadcast at 0, 55, 90, 125, 160 and 195 kg ha−1. Seed yield was not significantly affected by row spacing in either year of the study. Seeding rate did not significantly affect yield in 1978. In 1979, however, an interaction was detected between seeding rate and N-fertilization rate. During this year of abnormally high precipitation, when no N was applied, stands seeded at 3 kg ha−1 produced higher yields than those seeded at higher rates. With an initial N application of 55 kg ha−1, yields decreased from stands seeded at 3 kg ha−1, while yields from those seeded at 7 and 13 kg ha−1 increased. Nitrogen fertilization had a significant effect on yield in both 1978 and 1979. Regression equations from both years (with the exception of that for the 3 kg ha−1 seeding rate in 1979) predicted maximum yields from N applications between 89 and 105 kg ha−1.Key words: Rapeseed, row spacing, seeding rate, nitrogen fertilization, yield

Seeding rate and row spacing effect on weed competition, yield and quality of hemp in the Parkland region of Saskatchewan

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 911-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Vera ◽  
S. M. Woods ◽  
J. P. Raney
Keyword(s):  
Oil Content ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Spacing Effect ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Silty Loam

Field experiments were conducted on a Black Chernozem silty loam soil at Melfort, Saskatchewan, Canada, from 2000 to 2002, to determine the effect of seeding rate and row spacing on weed competition, as well as on seed, shoot biomass production and seed q uality attributes of industrial hemp ( Cannabis sativa L. ‘Fasamo’ and ‘Finola’). Increasing seeding rate from 20 to 60 or 80 kg ha-1decreased weed density in all years (average of 33%) and reduced weed size (34%) in 2000. It also increased hemp plant density, biomass and seed yield (average of 174, 23 and 34%, respectively). Seed weight and protein were not affected by seeding rates, but seed oil content increased 1% in one year, when seeding rate increased from 20 to 60 kg ha-1. Row spacing (18 and 36 cm) had little or no definite effect on most of the parameters studied. Key words: Biomass, cultivar, hemp, protein content, oil content, organic farming, row spacing, seeding rate, weed competition

Effects of row spacing, seeding rate and nitrogen on yield of barley and wheat under zero-till management

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. P. Lafond
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Growing Conditions

Adopting water-conserving tillage practices on the Canadian prairies will protect the soil against erosion while conserving soil water. The use of tall-standing stubble to conserve water creates a dilemma for producers because maximum yields can only be obtained with narrow rows, and tall stubble may limit the use of narrow row spacings. A 4-yr study on a thin Black clay soil investigated the effects of three row spacings (10, 20 and 30 cm), six seeding rates (34, 67, 100, 134, 168 and 202 kg ha−1 for wheat and 27, 54, 81, 108, 134 and 161 kg ha−1 for barley) and two rates of N (low and high) in hard red wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), durum (Triticum durum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) using a continuous cropping, zero-till production system. The yields of cereals were maintained with 30-cm row spacing over a wide range of growing conditions under zero-till management. Durum had a 5.8% yield advantage and barley a 2.4% advantage for the 30-cm row spacing over the 10-cm row spacing. The number of plants established and the number of spikes produced decreased as row spacing increased for all crops. But wider row spacing resulted in more kernels produced per spike, which, in the case of barley and durum, more than compensated for the lower number of spikes. Increasing seeding rates significantly improved grain yield in all crops and years because more spikes were produced. Grain yield was related to the reciprocal of seeding rate. The few row spacing × seeding rate interactions observed in 2 of 12 cases suggest that seeding rates need not be adjusted for changes in row spacing. The results obtained have important implications for equipment design and the ability to more easily handle high-crop-residue situations. Key words: Yield components, seeding rate, row spacing, yield compensation

Westward expansion of soybean: adaptability of maturity group 00 genotypes to row spacing and seeding density under irrigation in southern Alberta

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 715-733
Author(s):  
Tram T.N. Thai ◽  
Francis J. Larney ◽  
James E. Thomas ◽  
Manjula S. Bandara ◽  
Doon G. Pauly
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seeding Density ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Maturity Group ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Westward Expansion ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Glycine Max L

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production has moved rapidly westward on the Canadian prairies, most recently arriving in southern Alberta. Adjusting row spacing (RS) and seeding density (SD) to maximize soybean productivity is well-documented for rainfed conditions but not where irrigation is obligatory. A 3 yr study was conducted at two irrigated locations in southern Alberta using two early-maturity [maturity group 00] soybean genotypes planted at two RSs and three SDs. Soybean reached 95% maturity in 114–132 d and only one of six growing environments experienced a killing frost prior to maturity. Wide rows led to 1 d earlier maturity for one genotype in all six environments and increased grain yield (5%–20%) in four out of six environments compared with narrow rows. Increasing SD from 30 to 80 seeds m−2 generally led to increased pod clearance (from 5.0 to 8.4 cm in one environment) and grain (mean increase of 33%, from 2100 to 2800 kg ha−1) and straw yield, but decreased seeds plant−1 (from 94 to 46). Notwithstanding 9% lower cumulative corn heat units during the study, and an average 5 d longer maturity requirement at Lethbridge, soybean performance was equal to Bow Island in many parameters including grain yield. Our findings will help develop recommendations for new soybean growers in the irrigated region of southern Alberta.

Screening of different nitrogen rates and intra-row spacing effects on yield and yield components of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) under microclimate conditions, Iğdır Plain, Turkey

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Eryiğit ◽  
R. Akiş ◽  
A. R. Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seed Oil Content ◽  
Spacing Effects ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Nitrogen Rates ◽  
Microclimate Conditions

Eryiğit, T., Akiş, R. and Kaya, A. R. 2015. Screening of different nitrogen rates and intra-row spacing effects on yield and yield components of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) under microclimate conditions, Iğdır Plain, Turkey. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 141–147. The yield of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is affected by many factors, among which nitrogen fertilization and plant density are significant. This study was conducted as a split plot in a randomized complete block design arrangement with four replications, during the successive seasons 2011 and 2012, to determine the effects of nitrogen application rate and intra-row spacing on the growth, yield and yield components of safflower under the ecological conditions of the Iğdır Plain, Turkey. The main plots were three intra-row spacing (IRS1, IRS2 and IRS3) and subplots were four nitrogen rates (N1, N2, N3 and N4). Intra-row spacing had significant effects on all parameters except plant height and seed oil content. There were significant effects of fertilizer rate on all parameters except seed oil content. The interaction of nitrogen rate and years had significant effects on seed yield. Correlations showed significant negative results between 1000-seed weight and seed oil content (−0.217). However, there was a high seed yield in 2011 compared with 2012. Among intra-rows, IRS2 and IRS3 gave greater yield compared with IRS1, while N3 gave a higher yield than other N rates (0, 100, 150, 200 kg ha−1) in both years of the study, especially 2011.

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