Evaluation of 10 Canadian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars for tissue culture response

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. R. Baillie ◽  
K. K. Kartha ◽  
B. G. Rossnagel
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Tissue Culture Response ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Ten Canadian barley cultivars — Abee, Deuce, Ellice, Harrington, Manley, Bonanza, Conquest, Duke, Heartland, and Samson — were evaluated for tissue-culture response. Callus was obtained from embryos 3–5 d post anthesis from all cultivars. Fertile plants were regenerated from eight. Abee cultures gave the best response in terms of the number of plants regenerated, while Bonanza and Samson cultures produced no regenerated plants. Heartland and Deuce were selected for further study to determine optimum growth-regulator concentrations for callus production and plant regeneration. Two growth regulators — 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) — were evaluated at five concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10 mg L−1). Maximum regeneration rates were achieved with Gamborg’s B5 medium supplemented with 2.5 mg L−1 2,4-D. Thirty-four Heartland and 19 Deuce regenerants were produced per 100 embryos cultured. Key words: Barley, growth regulators, Hordeum vulgare, regeneration, tissue culture

Culture methods and detection of glucanases in suspension cultures of wheat and barley

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 417-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluf L. Gamborg ◽  
D. E. Eveleigh
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Suspension Cultures ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Triticum Vulgare ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Suspension cultures of Triticum monococcum L., Triticum vulgare Vill. var. Thatcher, Hordeum vulgare L. var. Gateway, and Hordeum vulgare L. var. Gateway mutant yv2 have been established. The cultures were derived from root sections of seedlings and cultured in a denned medium consisting of mineral salts, sucrose, B vitamins, and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, with nitrate and ammonia as the sources of nitrogen. In the early period of the cultures the cell aggregates readily, differentiated to form roots, but this characteristic diminished after several generations of subculture. The cells and medium contained a number of glucanases. The presence of a laminaranase (endo-β-(1 → 3)-D-glucan glucanohydrolase (EC 3.2.1.99)) that did not attack lichenan was established. The culture media of the wheat contained an oligosaccharide which on acid hydrolysis yielded galactose, arabinose, and xylose. Hydrolysis of a cell-wall fraction yielded the same sugars in addition to glucose and mannose.

scholarly journals Somaclonal variation in triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack) cv. Carman

1985 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Jordan ◽  
E. N. Larter
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Somaclonal Variation ◽  
Chromosomal Instability ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Triticosecale Wittmack ◽  
Kernel Protein

Callus was initiated from 15-day-old embryos of 'Carman' triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack) cultured on 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid supplemented Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. For plant regeneration, the calli were subcultured every 4 weeks on MS media with no added hormones. The original euploid (2n = 42) regenerated plants and their progeny were examined for several traits. Considerable variation for all measured traits was observed among the regenerated plants. Variability was greatest for spike length, fertility, and plant height. Two second-generation plants were found to have a significant increase in percent kernel protein relative to 'Carman' controls. Electrophoretic studies showed that all regenerated plants of both generations had the same prolamin banding pattern as 'Carman' triticale but variation existed in the intensity of the bands. This was especially true for the bands encoded for by the rye genome. One genotype, viz. R13, exhibited extreme chromosomal instability resulting in the occurrence of both rye and wheat univalents as observed at metaphase I.Key words: somaclonal variation, triticale, tissue culture, plant regeneration.

scholarly journals An Efficient Method for Callus Culture and Shoot Regeneration of Garlic (Allium sativum L.)

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 348-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xabier Barandiaran ◽  
Nieves Martín ◽  
María Fernanda Rodríguez-Conde ◽  
Antonio Di Pietro ◽  
Jesus Martín
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Callus Culture ◽  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Regeneration Process ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

The influence of different callus induction media on the regeneration process in garlic was tested. The auxin 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid frequently used in garlic tissue culture was found to be detrimental when used at the levels described in the literature. However, combinations of growth regulators commonly used for dicot tissue culture produced high levels of callus induction and regeneration that could be used efficiently in a transformation program.

scholarly journals Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration from Muscadine Grape Leaf Explants

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Robacker
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Vitis Rotundifolia ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Immature Leaf ◽  
Grape Leaf ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Immature leaf laminae and petioles of `Regale' and `Fry' muscadine grapes (Vitis rotundifolia Michx.) were cultured on Nitsch and Nitsch (NN) medium supplemented with 9.0 μm 2,4-D and 4.4 μm BA, and gelled with agar. Callus and original explant tissues were transferred to NN medium containing 10.7 μm NAA and 0.9 μm BA to proliferate embryogenic callus, which, when transferred to NN medium without growth regulators, yielded globular embryos. The embryos matured and germinated after being subcultured to fresh medium without growth regulators. Somatic embryogenesis incidence was greater from petioles than laminae: 90% of `Regale' and 50% of `Fry' petioles formed embryos, compared with 14% and 2% of laminae, respectively. Culturing germinated somatic embryos on NN medium with 1 μm BA enhanced shoot growth. Regenerated plants flowered and appeared morphologically normal. Chemical names used: N-(phenylmethyl)- 1H -purin-6-amine (BA); 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D); α- naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA).

Classification of cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare). 1. Historical aspects, and phenetic character analysis of some characters by information theory and by spatial autocorrelation

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 2769-2773
Author(s):  
Bernard B. Baum
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Spatial Autocorrelation ◽  
Theory Model ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Character Analysis ◽  
Barley Cultivars

A brief historical sketch of the classification of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars is presented along with reference to key reviews on this subject. Characters, utilized in the comprehensive study on the barley cultivars of North America by Aberg and Wiebe (U.S. Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletin 942), were subjected to a series of phenetic character analyses using an information theory model and a spatial autocorrelation model. The ranking of the 48 characters in order of their importance (for classification and identification purposes) from the character analysis by information theory was compared with the previous rating of characters made by Aberg and Wiebe and was found to differ significantly. Numerous trials of character analysis by spatial autocorrelation using various Minkowski distances, setting various values among three parameters, never yielded results comparable with those obtained by Aberg and Wiebe. Among those trials, a few combinations of values for the three parameters (X, Y, and Z) yielded results comparable with those obtained with character analysis by information theory. Those same combinations of values were found by Estabrook and Gates (Taxon, 33: 13–25) in their study of Banisteriopsis in 1984, where they also developed the method of character analysis by spatial autocorrelation. Kernel weight was found to be the most important character.

scholarly journals Response of pine hypocotyl sections to growth regulators and related substances

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-132
Author(s):  
J. Zakrzewski
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Pinus Silvestris ◽  
Related Substances ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Synthetic Growth

Growth response of <i>Pinus silvestris</i> hypocotyl sections to some synthetic growth regulators and related substances was studied. Elongation of hypocotyl sections was stimulated by naphtaleneacetic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, in-dole-3-propionic acid, indole-3-butyric acid, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, indoleaoetic amide, indoleacetic nitrile and coumarin. Indole-3-acetic acid and naphtaleneacetic acid extended period of growth up to 16 and 24 hours, respectively. Growth was inhibited by kinetin, trans-cinnamic acid and 2,3,5-tri-iodobenzoic acid. No effect of gibberellic acid, tryptophan and biotin was observed.

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