Influence of soil and N fertilizer on performance of barley and spring wheat cultivars

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 651-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Carr ◽  
J. S. Jacobsen ◽  
G. R. Carlson ◽  
G. A. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Yield Test ◽  
Different Soils

Fields often include several different soils with contrasting chemical and/or physical characteristics which may influence crop performance. Field experiments were conducted (i) to quantify differences in spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain yield, test weight, and protein on contrasting soils within single fields, and (ii) to determine interactions between N fertilizer and spring wheat cultivar performance on several different soils. Twelve barley and twelve wheat cultivars were established in a randomized complete block design on three different soils in a field during 1987. Soils affected grain yield, test weight, and protein of the barley cultivars by as much as 485 kg ha−1, 38 kg m−3, and 16 g kg−1, respectively. Corresponding differences for spring wheat were 456 kg ha−1, 50 kg m−3, and 16 g kg−1. Grain yield of one barley cultivar differed by as much as 966 kg ha−1 across three soils, while wheat grain yield differed by as much as 1271 kg ha−1. Significant soil × cultivar interactions were measured for at least one grain parameter with both crops (P < 0.10). In another experiment conducted nearby in 1987 and 1988, grain yield, test weight, and protein differed by as much as 2217 kg ha−1, 16 kg m−3, and 15 g kg−1, respectively, among soils where different spring wheat cultivars and several rates of N fertilizer were evaluated. Cultivar and N rate significantly influenced grain yield and test weight during both years and protein during 1987. Soil × N rate interactions were highly significant for both yield and protein during 1988, but not for test weight; nor were the soil × N rate interactions significant for any grain parameter during 1987. Soil × cultivar interactions were significant for both test weight and protein during both years, whereas cultivar × N rate interactions were not significant. These data suggest that in some instances soil conditions should influence cultivar recommendations.Key words: Triticum aestivum, Hordeum vulgare, N fertilizer, soil variability

Rate and time of fertilizer nitrogen application on yield, protein and apparent efficiency of fertilizer nitrogen use of spring wheat

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 709-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Zebarth ◽  
E. J. Botha ◽  
H. Rees
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
N Application ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽  
N Status

Use of an in-season measurement of crop nitrogen (N) status to optimize fertilizer N management has been proposed as a means of optimizing yield of spring wheat while minimizing environmental N losses. This study determined the effect of the rate and time of fertilizer N application on the grain yield, grain protein, and apparent recovery of fertilizer N in grain and in the above-ground plant for spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in 2001–2003, and evaluated the use of a SPAD-502 meter to measure crop N status in spring wheat. Sixteen N fertility treatments were used, including application of different rates of fertilizer N (0–160 kg N ha-1) applied pre-seeding (ZGS 0), at tillering (ZGS 21) and at shooting (ZGS 32) as ammonium nitrate. Split N application provided no benefit in terms of grain yield or apparent recovery of fertilizer N. Application of fertilizer N at ZGS 32 reduced crop yield and apparent recovery of fertilizer N compared with N application at ZGS 0. Application of fertilizer N at ZGS 21 reduced yield and apparent recovery of fertilizer N in grain in 2 of 3 yr, but had no effect on apparent recovery of fertilizer N in the above-ground plant. Delayed fertilizer N application generally increased grain protein. Fertilizer N can be applied at ZGS 21 as required to optimize grain yield provided at least some fertilizer N is applied prior to seeding; however, crop N status cannot reliably be assessed at this time using a SPAD-502 meter. Crop N status can be assessed at ZGS 32 using a SPAD-502 meter; however, fertilizer N application at this time primarily influences grain protein rather than grain yield. These results highlight the need for a means of predicting soil N mineralization potential in order to optimize grain yield in humid environments where carry-over of soil nitrate from the previous growing season is limited. Key words: Triticum aestivum; N mineralization; soil N supply; SPAD-502 meter, leaf chlorophyll index

AAC Crossfield red spring wheat

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-244
Author(s):  
H.S. Randhawa ◽  
P.D. Brown ◽  
J. Mitchell Fetch ◽  
T. Fetch ◽  
J. Gilbert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Agronomic Characteristics ◽  
Wheat Market ◽  
Market Class

AAC Crossfield, an awned hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar, combines high grain yield and good agronomic characteristics with excellent resistance to leaf, stem, and stripe rust. AAC Crossfield is significantly shorter than Conquer and AAC Foray, and has maturity, straw strength, and test weight similar to the check cultivars. AAC Crossfield has improved farinograph stability and is eligible for grade in the Canada Prairie Spring Red wheat market class.

EFFECT OF SEEDING RATE ON GRAIN YIELD, STRAW YIELD AND HARVEST INDEX OF EIGHT SPRING WHEAT CULTIVARS

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. BAKER
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Linear Response ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Rate Interaction

Eight cultivars of spring wheat, Triticum aestivum L., were evaluated at seeding rates of 110, 270 and 430 seeds/m2 in a total of nine experiments spanning three locations, two dates of seeding and 2 yr. Grain yield exhibited a significant cultivar × experiment × linear response to seeding rate interaction. Grain yield of Pitic 62 showed a significant decrease with increased seeding rate in one experiment while giving the greatest increase in another. Over all experiments, the highest seeding rate gave the highest grain yield. For straw yield, Chester showed the greatest response to seed rate, Canuck the least. With the exception of Canuck, which showed a significant increase in harvest index with increased seeding rate, harvest index tended to be greater at the intermediate seeding rate.

EFFECT OF HERBICIDES ON SEEDLING GROWTH, HEAD DEFORMATION AND GRAIN YIELD OF SPRING WHEAT CULTIVARS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. IVANY ◽  
H. G. NASS
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Herbicide Treatment

In field experiments at Charlottetown, P.E.I., five herbicides evaluated at two rates of application on eight spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars showed no effect on dry plant weight 20 days after treatment. Herbicide treatment with dicamba resulted in a greater number of deformed heads per plot compared with the untreated in 1980 and with all herbicides except diclofop-methyl in 1981. More deformed heads occurred with dicamba and the 2,4-D/mecoprop/dicamba mixture at the higher rate of application in 1981 than with the other herbicides and the lower rate of application. All cultivars had more deformed heads than the untreated control when treated with 2,4-D, dicamba and the 2,4-D/mecoprop/dicamba mixture in 1981. Neepawa and Dundas had more deformed heads than the other cultivars when treated with MCPA. Head deformation by herbicide treatment had no adverse effect on grain yield in this study.Key words: Spring wheat cultivars, herbicides, head deformation, 2,4-D, MCPA, dicamba, diclofop-methyl

INTERPLOT COMPETITION BETWEEN WHEAT OR BARLEY CULTIVARS OF DIFFERING HEIGHTS

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 1129-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. BAKER ◽  
B. G. ROSSNAGEL
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Barley Cultivars

Four trials with 18 triplet combinations of tall, intermediate and short cultivars of spring wheat, and four trials with 18 triplet combinations of one short and two tall cultivars of spring barley, were conducted over 3 yr at Saskatoon to test the hypothesis that differences in height would not cause interplot competition for grain yield. Significant competition between cultivars was detected in two trials with wheat and in one of the barley trials.Key words: Wheat (spring), Triticum aestivum L., barley (spring), Hordeum vulgare L., interplot competition, grain yield

scholarly journals Selectivity of Iodosulfuron-Methyl Association with ACCase Inhibitors and 2.4-D in Wheat and Barley Crops

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A.K. KARPINSKI ◽  
A.A.P. SILVA ◽  
E.O. HELVIG ◽  
C.D.G. MACIEL ◽  
S.B.C. LUSTOSA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Barley Cultivar ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Commercial Formulation ◽  
Synthetic Auxins ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

ABSTRACT: This research aimed to assess the selectivity of treatments involving the commercial formulations tank mixtures of iodosulfuron-methyl with herbicides ACCase inhibitors (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl and clethodim) and synthetic auxins (2.4-D), applied in post-emergence of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) crops. Three experiments were conducted in the field, during the 2014 crop year. A randomized complete block design was used with 11 treatments and five replications. Treatments consisted of (g ha-1): 1) iodosulfuron-methyl (6.5), 2) fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (82.5), 3) fenoxaprop-p-ethyl + clethodim (55 + 54); 4) 2.4-D (335), 5, 6 e 7) iodosulfuron-methyl + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (6.5 + 82.5; 6.5 + 110 and 6.5 + 165), 8) iodosulfuron-methyl + fenoxaprop + clethodim (6.5 + 55 + 54), 9) iodosulfuron + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl + 2.4-D (6.5 + 110 + 335), 10) iodosulfuron-methyl + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl + clethodim + 2.4-D (6.5 + 82.5 + 72 + 335) and 11) check without weeds. Associations of iodosulfuron-methyl + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (6.5 + 82.5; 6.5 + 110 and 6.5 + 165 g ha-1) associations, as well as of iodosulfuron-methyl + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl + 2.4-D (6.5 + 110 + 335 g ha-1) were selective for BRS Campeiro and BRS Gralha azul wheat cultivars and did not feature symptoms of intoxication and significant losses in grain yield and hectoliter weight, when compared to the treatment with no application. For BRS Brau barley cultivar, only iodosulfuron-methyl + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl associations, in doses of 6.5 + 82.5 and 6.5 + 110 g ha-1 were feasible for selectivity. Clethodim addition in iodosulfuron-methyl + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl or iodosulfuron-methyl + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl + 2.4-D associations caused negative effects for wheat and barley crops. Commercial formulation of iodosulfuron-methyl (Hussar™) resulted in protection for damage effects of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (Podium EW™) for studied crops.

EFFECTS OF INCREMENTAL N FERTILIZATION ON GRAIN YIELD AND DRY MATTER ACCUMULATION OF SIX SPRING WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) CULTIVARS IN SOUTHERN MANITOBA

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. GEHL ◽  
L. D. BAILEY ◽  
C. A. GRANT ◽  
J. M. SADLER
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation

A 3-yr study was conducted on three Orthic Black Chernozemic soils to determine the effects of incremental N fertilization on grain yield and dry matter accumulation and distribution of six spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. Urea (46–0–0) was sidebanded at seeding in 40 kg N ha−1 increments from 0 to 240 kg ha−1 in the first year and from 0 to 200 kg ha−1 in the 2 subsequent years. Nitrogen fertilization increased the grain and straw yields of all cultivars in each experiment. The predominant factor affecting the N response and harvest index of each cultivar was available moisture. At two of the three sites, 91% of the interexperiment variability in mean maximum grain yield was explained by variation in root zone moisture at seeding. Mean maximum total dry matter varied by less than 12% among cultivars, but mean maximum grain yield varied by more than 30%. Three semidwarf cultivars, HY 320, Marshall and Solar, had consistently higher grain yield and grain yield response to N than Glenlea and Katepwa, two standard height cultivars, and Len, a semidwarf. The mean maximum grain yield of HY 320 was the highest of the cultivars on test and those of Katepwa and Len the lowest. Len produced the least straw and total dry matter. The level of N fertilization at maximum grain yield varied among cultivars, sites and years. Marshall and Solar required the highest and Len the lowest N rates to achieve maximum grain yield. The year-to-year variation in rates of N fertilization needed to produce maximum grain yield on a specific soil type revealed the limitations of N fertility recommendations based on "average" amounts and temporal distribution of available moisture.Key words: Wheat (spring), N response, standard height, semidwarf, grain yield

Sadash soft white spring wheat

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 1099-1106 ◽  
Author(s):  
R S Sadasivaiah ◽  
R J Graf ◽  
H S Randhawa ◽  
B L Beres ◽  
S M Perkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Quality Specifications ◽  
Soft White Spring Wheat ◽  
End Use

Sadash is a soft white spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) that meets the end-use quality specifications of the Canada Western Soft White Spring class. Sadash is well-adapted to the wheat-growing regions of southern Alberta and southern Saskatchewan. Based on data from the Western Soft White Spring Wheat Cooperative Registration Test from 2003 to 2005, Sadash exhibited high grain yield, mid-season maturity, semi-dwarf stature with very strong straw, and good resistance to shattering. Sadash expressed resistance to the prevalent races of stem rust and powdery mildew, intermediate resistance to loose smut, moderate susceptibility to leaf rust and common bunt, and susceptibility to Fusarium head blight. Based on end-use quality analysis performed at the Grain Research Laboratory of the Canadian Grain Commission, Sadash had improved test weight over the check cultivars AC Reed and AC Phil and similar milling and baking performance.Key words: Triticum aestivum L., cultivar description, wheat (soft white spring), grain yield, quality, disease resistance

Yield and water use of paired-row versus equidistant-row seeded spring wheat in a semiarid environment

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 459-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. W. Cutforth ◽  
F. Selles
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Semiarid Environment ◽  
Brown Soil ◽  
Soil Zone ◽  
Days To Maturity

A field study was carried out to determine the effects of seed row configuration on days to maturity, water use and grain yield of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ’Leader’) grown in a semiarid environment. From 1986 to 1989, Leader spring wheat was seeded at Swift Current, Saskatchewan in north-south equidistant-rows (25-cm row spacing) and paired-rows (two rows 10 cm apart with 50 cm between the centre of each paired row). Seed and fertilizer were applied at recommended rates for the Brown soil zone. There were no significant differences (P > 0.10) in grain yield, water use or days to maturity between equidistant-row and paired-row seeding. The data suggest that under the environmental conditions of the Brown soil zone paired-row seeding may have no agronomic advantage over equidistant-row seeding.Key words: Paired-row seeding, water use, grain yield, spring wheat

Impact of powdery mildew on the yield of soft white spring wheat cultivars

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 725-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Conner ◽  
A. D. Kuzyk ◽  
H. Su
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
Resistant Cultivar ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Soft White Spring Wheat ◽  
Moderately Resistant

The effect of powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici) on the grain yield and protein content of one susceptible, Springfield, and three moderately resistant cultivars, Fielder, AC Reed and AC Nanda, of soft white spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) was examined at two field locations near Lethbridge and Vauxhall, Alberta, in 1999 and 2000. At the start of heading, powdery mildew development was suppressed in half of the plots of each cultivar by a single spray application of the fungicide Tilt (propiconazole). Severe powdery mildew infection of the susceptible cultivar Springfield resulted in yield reductions ranging from 11.4 to 19.9%. The grain yield of the moderately resistant cultivar Fielder was significantly reduced at both sites in 1999 by 7.6–10.5% while AC Reed suffered a significant yield loss (7.6–9.1%) at Lethbridge in both years. The moderately resistant cultivar AC Nanda consistently had the lowest powdery mildew ratings and its yield was unaffected by the disease. A single fungicide application prevented disease buildup on the moderately resistant cultivars, but not on Springfield. The grain protein content of the moderately resistant cultivars was unaffected by powdery mildew, but it decreased in Springfield by 0.6–0.7%. Key words: Powdery mildew, Propiconazole, Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, wheat, Triticum aestivum, resistance

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