Crop sequence and tillage effects on winter wheat development and yield

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 669-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Vyn ◽  
B. A. Raimbault ◽  
J. C. Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Wheat Plant ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Crop Sequence

A 3-yr field experiment was conducted on a Burford loam soil to examine how tillage practices and crop sequences affected the winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop in Ontario. Three-year crop sequences of wheat-wheat-wheat, soybeans (Glycine max Merrill)-wheat-wheat, corn (Zea mays L.)-barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)-wheat, corn-soybean-wheat, and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)-alfalfa-wheat were planted with zero-till, minimum tillage, or conventional tillage systems. When wheat followed wheat, plant populations and head numbers were lower and head emergence delayed relative to wheat following another crop. Grain yields were 20% higher on average when crops other than wheat preceded wheat. Reduced tillage treatments resulted in delayed head emergence, but final grain yield components and yield did not differ significantly among tillage treatments. Results from this study support the relatively common production practice of rotating winter wheat with other crops. In addition, the use of conservation tillage systems appeared to be feasible for winter wheat production under the soil and climatic conditions prevailing in this study. Key words: Winter wheat, crop sequence, tillage systems, crop development

scholarly journals Influence of different tillage systems on soil physical properties and crop yield

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 249-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Husnjak ◽  
D. Filipović ◽  
S. Košutić
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Ct System ◽  
Air Capacity

An experiment with five different tillage systems and their influence on physical properties of a silty loam soil (Albic Luvisol) was carried in northwest Slavonia in the period of 1997–2000. The compared tillage systems were: 1. conventional tillage (CT), 2. reduced tillage (RT), 3. conservation tillage I (CP), 4. conservation tillage II (CM), 5. no-tillage system (NT). The crop rotation was soybean (Glycine max L.) – winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) – soybean – winter wheat. Differences between tillage systems in bulk density, total porosity, and water holding capacity and air capacity were not significant in winter wheat seasons. In soybean seasons, significant differences between some tillage systems were recorded in bulk density, total porosity, air capacity and soil moisture. The deterioration trend of physical properties was generally increasing in the order CM, CT, CP, NT and RT. The highest yield of soybean in the first experimental year was achieved under CT system and the lowest under CP system. In all other experimental years, the highest yield of winter wheat and soybean was achieved under CM system, while the lowest under RT system.

scholarly journals Performance of Wheat Varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) under Conservation Tillage Practices in Organic Agriculture

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios BILALIS ◽  
Anestis KARKANIS ◽  
Sotiria PATSIALI ◽  
Maria AGRIOGIANNI ◽  
Aristeidis KONSTANTAS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Falling Number ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Hagberg Falling Number

Field experiments were conducted to determine the effects of tillage systems and varieties on growth, yield and quality of wheat crop (Triticum aestivum L.). The experiments conducted at two sites were laid out in a split-plot design with four replicates, three main plots [conventional tillage (CT), no-tillage (NT) and minimum tillage (MT)] and four sub-plots (‘Siette’, ‘Panifor’, ‘Myrto’, ‘Estero’). The soil porosity and total nitrogen were higher in soils subjected to conservation tillage systems (NT and MT) than under conventional tillage. There were no differences in root growth neither between the tillage systems nor among the varieties. Yield was influenced by the tillage system and variety. The highest grain yield (421-459 kg ha-1) was found under the CT system with ‘Siette’, ‘Myrto’ and ‘Estero’ varieties. In contrast, the highest grain yield was observed under conservation tillage (NT and MT) with ‘Panifor’ variety. There were no significant differences between the tillage systems concerning the protein content and Zeleny value. In contrast, the highest Hagberg falling number was found with MT. Zeleny value was positively and significantly correlated with protein content. High flour quality, as demonstrated by high protein content and Zeleny value, and low Hagberg falling number, was produced in the ‘Estero’ variety.

Insect Distribution in a Spring Pea-Winter Wheat-Spring Barley Crop Rotation System

2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Quisenberry ◽  
D. J. Schotzko ◽  
P. F. Lamb ◽  
F. L. Young
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Management Level ◽  
Insect Distribution ◽  
Tillage Method ◽  
Pea Leaf Weevil

The effects of tillage method (conventional or conservative) and weed management level (recommended or minimum) on insect distribution in a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), and pea (Pisum sativum L.) rotation were studied. Aphids were the major insect species on winter wheat and spring barley, but were not of economic importance. Beneficial species impacted aphid population levels by maintaining their numbers below economic thresholds. Tillage method and weed management level had limited impact on aphid and beneficial insect populations. Pea leaf weevil (Sitonia lineatus [L.]) and pea weevil (Bruchus pisorum [L.]) populations reached economic injury levels in 1992; two insecticide applications were needed. Pea leaf weevil populations did not reach economic levels in 1993; however, pea weevil populations reached an economic level at flowering stage and an insecticide was applied. Pea leaf weevil populations were higher in conventional tillage plots compared with conservation tillage plots. Early-season insecticide applications suppressed beneficial insects in the pea plots.

CHEMICAL DIFFERENCES IN DARK BROWN CHERNOZEMIC Ap HORIZONS UNDER VARIOUS CONSERVATION TILLAGE SYSTEMS

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. DORMAAR ◽  
C. W. LINDWALL
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
No Till ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Chemical Fallow ◽  
Extractable Organic Matter

The Ap horizons of two conservation tillage studies on Dark Brown Chernozemic soils in southern Alberta were sampled in 1986 following the fallow year. The first study, started in 1967, consisted of a wheat-fallow rotation under either no-till chemical fallow, blade-cultivate, or chemical fallow + blade-cultivate management. The second study, started in 1977, consisted of continuous winter wheat, winter wheat-barley-fallow, and winter wheat-fallow rotations under either no-till or conventional tillage management. Nine years of no-till continuous wheat and 19 yr of no-till in a wheat-fallow rotation both led to 40% of the dry aggregates being > 0.84 mm in diameter. The parameters selected helped to characterize differences in organic matter between soil tillage systems. Dehydrogenase and phosphatase activities were twice as high under no-till as under the blade-cultivate treatment. No-till also led to the largest monosaccharide accumulation in the soil. Carbohydrates, solvent-extractable organic matter, and chitin N were significantly higher in the > 0.84 mm diameter dry aggregates from the no-till treatment. The monosaccarides under the blade-cultivate regime were generally of microbial origin whereas those under the no-till regime were generally of plant origin. Key words: Water-stable aggregates, dry aggregates, enzyme activities, organic carbon, monosaccharides, fallow

Integration of Weed Management and Tillage Practices in Spring Barley Production

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew J. Lyon ◽  
Frank L. Young
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Tillage System

Spring barley can be used to diversify and intensify winter wheat-based production systems in the U.S. Pacific Northwest. The objective of this study was to describe the effects of tillage system and weed management level (WML) on weed control and spring barley grain yield when grown in a winter wheat-spring barley-spring dry pea rotation. A long-term integrated pest management field study examined the effects of three WMLs (minimum, moderate, and maximum) and two tillage systems (conservation and conventional) on weed control and barley grain yield. Total weed biomass at harvest was 8.0 and 59.7 g m−2for the maximum and minimum WMLs, respectively, in the conservation tillage system, but was similar and averaged 12.2 g m−2for all three WMLs in the conventional tillage system. Despite greater weed biomass with minimum weed management in the conservation tillage system, barley grain yields averaged 5,060 and 4,780 kg ha−1for the conservation tillage and conventional tillage systems, respectively. The benefits of conservation tillage require adequate herbicide inputs.

scholarly journals Maize and winter wheat production with different soil tillage systems on silty loam

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. KOSUTIC ◽  
D. FILIPOVIC ◽  
Z. GOSPODARIC
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Labour Requirement ◽  
Silty Loam ◽  
Ct System

From 1996 to 1998 five different tillage systems were compared in maize (Zea mays L.) and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production on one experimental field (silty loam - Albic Luvisol) located in north-west Slavonia, Croatia. The compared tillage systems were as follows: conventional tillage (CT), reduced conventional tillage (RT), conservation tillage I (CP), conservation tillage II (CM), no-tillage system (NT). The aim of the research was to determine the influence of those tillage systems on the energy and labour requirement, and on the yield of the maize and of the winter wheat. Comparing the energy requirement to CT system, RT system required 16.1% less, CP system 26.9% less, CM system 40.8% less, while NT system required even 85.1% less energy per hectare. The labour requirement showed that RT system saved 16.4%, while CP system required 20.5% less, CM system 39.5% less labour respectively. NT system saved 82.1% of labour in comparison to CT system. The first year greatest maize yield of 7.78 Mg ha-1 was achieved with CT system, while other systems in comparison to CT system, except RT, achieved not significantly lower yields. The second year greatest winter wheat yield of 5.89 Mg ha-1 achieved CM system, while other systems in comparison to CM, except RT, achieved not significantly lower yields.

scholarly journals Influence of Tillage Systems on the Degree of Weeding on Agricultural Crops at ARDS Turda

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Alina ŞIMON ◽  
Felicia CHEŢAN ◽  
Cornel CHEŢAN ◽  
Marius BĂRDAŞ
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Xanthium Strumarium ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield

Plants of spontaneous flora are in constant competition with culture plants for water, nutrients and other vegetation factors. The degree of weeding was determined in 2014-2016, at four crops - winter wheat, maize, soybeans and peas, cultivated in conventional tillage system and conservation tillage. Temperatures and precipitations registered on the vegetation period in three year had a high influence on the number of weeds found in agricultural crops, so in 2015 there was a smaller number of weeds than in 2014 respectively 2016. Of the species determined in this period is noted for annual dicotyledonous (most of them Chenopodium sp., Veronica sp. and Xanthium strumarium), and among the species of monocotyledonous species Echinochloa sp. and Setaria sp. which are found in all four cultures. In the case of the application of conservative tillage systems there is an increase in the number of weeds compared to the conventional tillage system. The average yields obtained by maize, soybean and peas at application of conservative tillage systems are close to the classical tillage system, the winter wheat yield was higher in the no tillage system than in the classical tillage system.

COLD HARDENING AND DEHARDENING RESPONSES IN WINTER WHEAT AND WINTER BARLEY

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 529-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. POMEROY ◽  
C. J. ANDREWS ◽  
G. FEDAK
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Freezing Temperature ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Lethal Temperature ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Time Required

Increasing the duration of freezing of Kharkov winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) demonstrated that severe injury does not occur to plants at a freezing temperature (−6 C) well above the lethal temperature for at least 5 days, but progressively more damage occurs as the temperature approaches the killing point (−20 C). High levels of cold hardiness can be induced rapidly in Kharkov winter wheat if seedlings are grown for 4–6 days at 15 C day/10 C night, prior to being exposed to hardening conditions including diurnal freezing to −2 C. The cold hardiness of Kharkov and Rideau winter wheat seedlings grown from 1-yr-old seed was greater than that from 5-yr-old seed. Cold-acclimated Kharkov winter wheat and Dover winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) demonstrated the capacity to reharden after varying periods under dehardening conditions. The time required to reharden and the maximum level of hardiness attained by the plants was dependent on the amount of dehardening. Considerable rehardening was observed even when both dehardening and rehardening were carried out in the dark.

scholarly journals Influence of soil tillage and weed suppression on winter wheat yield

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-119
Author(s):  
Branimir Mikic ◽  
Bojan Stipesevic ◽  
Emilija Raspudic ◽  
Georg Drezner ◽  
Bojana Brozovic
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Half Dose ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield ◽  
High Yields

Modern soil tillage systems based on different tools than mouldboard plough have very often stronger weed occurrence, which can be a serious problem for achieving high yields. An obvious solution for weed suppression is a herbicide, whose improper use can deteriorate environment and lead toward serious ecological problems. In order to investigate the interaction between soil tillage and herbicide, trial was set up in Valpovo in seasons 2008/09 - 2010/11. Two soil tillage systems (CT-conventional tillage, based on mouldboard ploughing, and CH-chiselling and disk harrowing, without ploughing) and five herbicide treatments (NH-control, no herbicides; H10- recommended dose of Herbaflex (2 l ha-1); H05-half dose of Herbaflex; F10- recommended dose of Fox (1.5 l ha-1); and F05-half dose of Fox) were applied to winter wheat crops. Results showed similar effects of soil tillage on the winter wheat yield, whereas different herbicide dosages showed similar weed suppression and influence on winter wheat yield.

scholarly journals Yield and Quality Performance of Traditional and Improved Bread and Durum Wheat Varieties under Two Conservation Tillage Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 4522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Ruiz ◽  
Encarna Zambrana ◽  
Rosario Fite ◽  
Aida Sole ◽  
Jose Luis Tenorio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Wheat Varieties

The increasing spread of conservation agriculture demands that the next generation of wheat varieties includes cultivars capable of maintaining satisfactory yields with lower inputs and under uncertain climate scenarios. On the basis of the genetic gains achieved during decades of selection oriented to yield improvements under conventional crop management, it is important that novel breeding targets are defined and addressed. Grain yield, yield-related traits, and phenological and morphological characteristics, as well as functional quality parameters have been analyzed for six varieties each of bread and durum wheat, under minimum tillage and no-tillage. During the three-year experiment, the climatic conditions at the field trial site were characterized by low rainfall, although different degrees of aridity—from moderate to severe—were experienced. Differences were found between these two soil management practices in regard to the varieties’ yield stability. A positive influence of no-tillage on traits related to grain and biomass yield was also evidenced, and some traits among the examined seemed involved in varietal adaptation to a particular non-conventional tillage system. The study also confirmed some breeding targets for improved performance of wheat genotypes in conservation agroecosystems. These traits were represented in the small set of traditional varieties analysed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document